职称英语卫生类B级-27及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语卫生类 B级-27 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The new style of shoes appeals to those students. A. arises B. absorbs C. attracts D. accepts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Sulphur has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state. A. regularly B. accidentally C. sometimes

2、D. successfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Please dont refuse his help because he is so kind a man. A. turn down B. go down C. put down D. pull down（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The judges must exercise the power to end the case. A. make B. use C. have D. watch（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The study has posed a question about thi

3、s nature. A. supported B. cancell C. aroused D. raised（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.What people often talk is their dream. A. worry B. show C. reduce D. mention（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.His judgment is obviously wrong. A. evidently B. possibly C. totally D. finally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.With immense relief, I stopped run

4、ning. A. much B. enormous C. little D. extensive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.These ideas can be applied to the practice. A. be attached to B. be practiced in C. be cancelled by D. be taken away（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The construction of the railway is said to have been terminated. A. resumed B. put an end to C. s

5、uspended D. re-scheduled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.This is the unique solution to our problem. A. only B. alone C. single D. lonely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Before you carry out a survey, you should have a careful planning. A. career B. search C. plan D. research（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Even in a highly modernized co

6、untry, manual work is still needed. A. expressive B. physical C. exaggerated D. dubious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.John doesnt believe in traditional medicine; he has some remedies of his own. A. correct B. regular C. common D. conventional（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.If we had discussed it with the manager, he woul

7、d have surely agree with it. A. unnecessarily B. simply C. certainly D. possibly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)They Say Irelands the BestIreland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britains Economist magazine last week

8、The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as

9、 well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life“.Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤) , gender inequality and the high cost of living. Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 Points out of 10.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, whic

10、h managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的), picking up only 3.89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued.“ the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown (崩溃

11、) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.“The magazine admitted me

12、asuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.The U.K. is positioned at No. 29, a much lower p

13、osition chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics, The U.S., which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.（分数：7.00）(1).For 2005 years, Ireland has

14、 been the best place for humans to live in.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Job security is the least important measure of life quality.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Family life in Zimbabwe is not

15、 stable.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).To measure life quality is easy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The Unite

16、d States of America is among the top 10 countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Atmospheric Scientists B. The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop C. The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols D. The Scientists Agreement E. The Authoritative C

17、onclusion F. Greenhouse Gases（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. will influence future climate change B. was somewhat surprising C. will rise rapidly D. was known to U.S. all E. was much high

18、er than had been expected F. will drop dramatically（分数：4.00）(1).When the cover diminishes in the coming decades, temperature 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The increase

19、 of greenhouse gases 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize AnnouncementsTwo scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are prese

20、nted on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements.Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors for their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel.Only seven women have won t

21、he medicine prize since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel.Among the pairs possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the

22、field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors.As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholms Karolinska Institute.Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his

23、 will in the categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Swedens central bank.Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rathe

24、r than a body of research.Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor (U.S. $1.3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists.“Individual researchers probably dont look at themselves as

25、potential Nobel Prize winners when theyre at work,“ Jornvall told The Associated Press. “They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.“In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, share

26、d the Lasker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase to sustain their uncontrolled growth.（分数：15.00）(1).Who is NOT a likely candidate for this years Nobel Prize in medicine?（分数：3.0

27、0）A.Elizabeth Blackburn.B.Carol Greider.C.Linda Buck.D.Pierre Chambon.(2).Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?（分数：3.00）A.He was from Sweden.B.He was the inventor of dynamite.C.He established the prizes in his will.D.He gave clear instructions on how to select winners.(3).Which was NOT originally one o

28、f the Nobel Prizes?（分数：3.00）A.The medicine prize.B.The literature prize.C.The peace prize.D.The economics priz(4).The word “kicks“ in line 6 from the bottom probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.excitementB.incomeC.motivationD.knowledge(5).The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the role of _.（分数：

29、3.00）A.money in medical researchB.proteins in cancer treatmentC.hormones in the functioning of lifeD.telomerase in the growth of cancer cells六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Living StandardsThe differences in living standards around the world are vast. In 1993, the average American had an income of about $25,00

30、0. In the same year, the average Mexican earned $7,000, and the average Nigerian earned $1,500. Not surprisingly, this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality of life. Changes in living standards over time are also large. In the United States, incomes have h

31、istorically grown about 2 percent per year (after adjusting for changes in the cost of living). At this rate, average income doubles every 35 years. In some countries, economic growth has been even more rapid. In Japan, for instance, average income has doubled in the past 20 years, and in South Kore

32、a it has doubled in the past 10 years.What explains these large differences in living standards among countries and over time? The answer is surprisingly simple. Almost all variation in living standards is attributable to differences in countries productivity-that is, the amount of goods and service

33、s produced from each hour of a workers time. In nations where workers can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time, most people enjoy a high standard of living; in nations where workers are less productive, most people must endure a more meager existence. Similarly, the growth

34、 rate of a nations productivity determines the growth rate of its average income.The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple, but its implications are far-reaching. If productivity is the primary determinant of living standards, other explanations must be of seco

35、ndary importance. For example, people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage laws contributed to the rise in living standards of American workers over the past century. Yet the real hero of American workers is their rising productivity.The relationship between productivity and living standard

36、s also has great implications for public policy. When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards, the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce goods and services. To improve living standards, policymakers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well e

37、ducated, have the tools needed to produce goods and services, and have access to the best available technology.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following countries has enjoyed the fastest economic growth in history?（分数：3.00）A.Mexico.B.The United States.C.Japan.D.South Kore(2).The word “meager“ in the seco

38、nd paragraph is closest in meaning to _.（分数：3.00）A.modestB.poorC.meaninglessD.plentiful(3).What is the most important factor that leads to the rise in living standards of average people?（分数：3.00）A.Labor unions.B.Minimum-wage laws.C.Rising productivity.D.Favorable public policy.(4).The study of the r

39、elationship between productivity and living standards is significant in that _.（分数：3.00）A.it calls policymakers attention to a qualified work forceB.it encourages workers to get better educationC.it helps improve the workers ability to produce goods and servicesD.it enables policymakers to access th

40、e latest technology(5).The passage mainly discusses _.（分数：3.00）A.the differences in average income among countriesB.the relationship between productivity and living standardsC.the causes of the rise in living standardsD.the importance of raising productivity七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Surprised by a Miracl

41、eI had been working in the trauma unit at a local hospital for about a year. You get used to families thinking that a “coma“ patient is moving their hand or doing something that they were asked to do. “Following commands“ is what we call it. Often its “wishful thinking“ on the Families Nurses can ea

42、sily become callous to it.On this particular night during visiting hours, my patients wife came in. I had taken care of him for several nights. I was very familiar with his care and what he was able to do. Actually, he didnt do anything. He barely moved at all, even when something would obviously hu

43、rt him, such as suctioning.His wife was very short, about 5 feet tall. She had to stand on a stool to lean over him, so that she could see his face and talk to him. She climbed up on the stool. I spoke to her for a few minutes, and then stepped out to tend to see my other patients. A few minutes lat

44、er, she came running out of the room. In an excited voice, she said, “Donna, hes moving his hand!“I immediately thought that it was probably her imagination, and that he had not actually done it on purpose. He had been there about a month at the time and had never made any movements on purpose. I as

45、ked her what had happened and she said, “I asked him to squeeze my hand and he did !“This led me to another train of questioning. “But, did he let go when you asked him to?“ She said yes, that he had done exactly what she asked.I went into the room with her, not really believing that I would see any

46、thing different than I had always seen. But I decided that it would be better to pacify her than to make her think I didnt believe her or that she was somehow mistaken.She asked him to squeeze her hand, which he did. I said, “Well, ask him to let go.“ He continued to squeeze for a moment, so that wh

47、en he finally did let go, I really still didnt believe that he had done it on purpose. So, I said, “Ask him to hold up one finger.“ He did as asked.Well, hmm, this was starting to get my attention. I looked at him, his face still somewhat swollen and his eyes still closed. “Stick out your tongue!“ I

48、 said. He did it. I almost fell on the floor. It was the first time I had ever seen anyone “wake up“.（分数：15.00）(1).The first paragraph indicates that more often than not a coma patient _.（分数：3.00）A.is found to be following commandsB.is thought to be following commandsC.is used to following commandsD

49、is callous to nurses commands(2).What was the condition of the patient before that particular night?（分数：3.00）A.He talked only with his wife.B.He barely moved at all.C.He moved only when hurt.D.He was too lazy to do anything at all.(3).How did the author feel upon first hearing what the excited wife said?（分数：3.00）A.She was amused.B.S