职称英语理工类A级-40及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 A级-40 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.A. conventionally B. obviously C. especially D. inevitably（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The workers in that factory manufacture furnitu

2、re.A. promote B. paintC. produce D. polish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Dont be afraid. I am not going to hurt you.A. fear B. astonishedC. shocked D. frightened（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Nobody could figure out this problem.A. make out B. think of C. solve D. discover（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The conclusion can be deduced fr

3、om the premises.A. argued B. derivedC. permitted D. come（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Many scientists have been probing psychological problems.A. solving B. exploring C. settling D. handling（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.He is determined to consolidate his power.A. strengthen B. controlC. abandon D. exercise（分数：1.00）A.B.C

4、D.8.I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan.A. making B. keepingC. changing D. implementing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.These programmes are of immense value to old peopleA. natural B. fatal C. tiny D. enormous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.“What do you mean by that”Paul asked sharplyA. criticallyB. helplessyC.

5、politelyD. quickly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The synergy of humans, society and machines is the fundmental cause of the unparalleled material prosperity of many nations.A. unpopular B. unpredictableC. unquestionable D. unprecedented（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Universities usually give diplomas or certificates to s

6、tudents who complete course requi-rements adequately.A. responsibly B. sufficiently C. patiently D. successfully（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.I dont quite follow what she is saying.A. believe B. understandC. explain D. accept（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.During his lifetime he was able to accumulate quite a fortune,A.

7、control B. spendC. collect D. exchange（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.I cant put up with my neighbors noise any longer；its driving me mad Ameasure Bgenerate Ctolerate Dreduce（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Smog (烟雾)For over a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as t

8、he country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollu

9、tion from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous (有毒的). Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息) and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities

10、disappeared as grey soot (烟灰) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed (用胶管浇) from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog.Finally, heavy rains, which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many pe

11、ople from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes (汽车排放的废气) and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer

12、 and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact, the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by

13、 breathing problems or in accidents. About 4,000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.（分数：7.00）(1).Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).The smog spread to neighbouring countries.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not menti

14、oned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The air-pollution index went up to 300 within a few days.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Water was used to try to break up the smog.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought.A. Right B. Wron

15、g C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).The forest animals havent been affected by the smog.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).The word “smog“ first appeared in 1952.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A. find the topic sentencesB. find out

16、 the new wordsC. keep reading fastD. go to bed every dayE. keep a note of their reading speedF. look at your watch every few minutes（分数：4.00）(1).You are advised to read something before you _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).In “Speed Reading“ courses, teachers often asks students to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).You ca

17、n improve your reading speed if you _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).It will help you to understand the article if you _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A A Fairly New DevelopmentB Classics of Science FictionC Difficulty in Keeping ahead of Scientific AdvancesD Origins of Science FictionE Themes of Modern Science FictionF Suc

18、cessful Films（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Recycling Around the WorldRecycling is one of the best environmental success stories of the late 20th

19、century. But we could do more. People must not see recycling .as fashionable, but essential.The Japanese are very good at recycling because they live in a crowded country.They do not have much space. They do not want to share their limited space with rubbish. But even so, Tokyo area alone is estimat

20、ed to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present.In 1996, the United States recycled and composted (制成肥料)57 million tons of waste (27% of the nations solid waste). This is 57 million tons of waste which did not go into landfills and incinerators (焚化炉). In doing this, 7,000 rubbish collec

21、tion programmes and recycling centres helped the authorities.In Rockford, a city in Illinois, US, its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage (废物). If the garbage does not contain any newspapers or aluminium (铝) cans, then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least $1,000.

22、In Japan, certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exchange for a weekly collection of newspapers.In one year Britain recycles: 1 out of every 3 newspapers. 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars (罐子). 1 out of every 4 items of clothing. 1 out of every 3 alum

23、inium drink cans.In 1999, Hong Kong transported 1.3 million tons of waste to mainland China for recycling. Around 535,000 tons of waste were recycled in Hong Kong itself.Over half the things we throw away could be recycled. That means we could recycle10 times as much as we do now.However, recycling

24、needs a lot of organisation and special equipment. Also, there is not much use for some recycled material.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT true of the Japanese?A. They live in a crowded country.B. They have recycled all their waste.C. They are very good at recycling.D. They have to share

25、their limited space with rubbish（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How much waste did the US recycle in 1996?A. 1.3 million tons.B. 27 million tons.C. 57 million tons.D. 53 million tons.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Where can people get a big prize for contributing to recycling?A. Rockford.B. Tokyo.C. Hong Kong.D. London.

26、分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In Japan, the newspapers collected by children _.A. are given to poor people.B. are used as reading materials.C. are used as prizes.D. are recycled.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is NOT true of Britain?A. It recycles 1 out of every 3 newspapers each year.B. It recyc

27、les 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars each yearC. It recycles 1 out of every 3 aluminium cans each year.D. It recycles 1 out of every 4 items of clothing each year.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Pushbike PerilLow speed bicycle crashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall

28、onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer.Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children

29、 in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycle accidents. “the task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures.“ she says.By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accide

30、nts and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees but their momentum forces them into the end of the

31、handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen.The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in

32、an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. “But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the problem,“ says Arbogast.The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safet

33、y Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design a decision is expected later this year.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because _.A. they are not noble enoughB. they may kill childrenC. they are likely to crashD. they m

34、ake the bike move at a low speed（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries _.A. to discuss how abdominal injuries in children occurB. to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidentsC. to point out what the countermeasures c

35、an beD. to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 3 mainly discusses _.A. why the children and their parents were interviewedB. when the children turn the handlebars through 90 degreesC. what causes the children to topple overD. how serious injuries occur（分数：3.00

36、A.B.C.D.(4).The passage implies that _.A. it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new designB. the team of engineers has hot found any countermeasuresC. children like to ride bicycles at a very low speedD. a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years（分数：3.00

37、A.B.C.D.(5).The new handgrip works in which of the following ways?A. It call be commercialized. B. It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents.C. It adds a few dollars to the cost of a bike.D. It changes the direction of the handlebars in all impact.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Hu

38、man Space ExplorationWhile scientists are searching the cause of the Columbia disaster, NASA is moving ahead with plans to develop a new craft that would replace shuttles(航开飞机)on space station missions by 2012 and respond quickly to space station emergencies.The space agency released the first set o

39、f mission needs and requirements several days ago for me orbital space plane(轨道航天飞机), which would be designed to transport a crew of four to and from the International Space Station.Although it includes few specifics, the plan states the orbiter(轨道航天飞机)will be safer cheaper and require less preparat

40、ion time than the shuttle. It would be able to transport four crew members by 2012-though it would be available for rescue missions by 2010 NASA says the craft should be able to transport injured or ill space station crew- members to “definitive(决定性的) medical care“ within 24 hours.The release of the

41、 requirements showed NASA remains focused on the long-term priorities of space exploration, even as questions exist concerning the loss of Columbia and its seven, member crew- on February 1, 2003.Expels at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, have been working for years on a successo

42、r to the shuttle. The project, known as the Space Launch Initiative(倡议), was divided last year into two parts-one focusing on a future launch vehicle, the other on a space station orbiter. The orbiter is expected to be ready sooner.The programs managers say NASA officials have told them not to alter

43、 Space Launch Initiative in light of the Columbia disaster.U. S. President George W: Bush asked Congress for about US$1 billion for Space Launch Initiative in 2004, funds that would be almost equally split between the Orbital Space Plane and Next Generation Launch Technology.（分数：15.00）(1).NASA plans

44、 to design the new space craft to _.A. control the International Space Station.B. carry astronauts to the International Space Station.C. transport equipment to the International Space StationD. train astronauts in space flights.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Besides its main mission, the orbiter would also be

45、 used as _.A. a medical research center.B. a space station.C. a space ambulance.D. a passenger plane（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The design of the orbiter indicates _.A. NASAs determination to continue space exploration.B. NASAs disadvantage in space technology.C. the great pressure from Congress on NASA.D.

46、 a heavy defeat for NASA.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When did NASA start working on a successor to the shuttle?A. One year before the Columbia disasterB. One year after the Columbia disaster.C. Immediately after the Columbia disasterD. Years before the Columbia disaster.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to th

47、e passage, the 1 billion funds, if granted, would _.A. be used to rebuild the International Space Station.B. be awarded to the scientists working at NASA.C. be shared by the two projects under the Space Launch InitiativeD. be spent on the investigation of the Columbia disaster.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.八、第 5

48、部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Success StoriesOne of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Benetton. The Benetton family opened their first shop in Italy in 1968. (46) Benetton followed four marketing principles in order to achieve their success.The first principle is Consumer Concept. To bu

49、ild a successful business, you have to develop products around things people value, especially quality. (47) He created clothes to match peoples wants: the style is casual; the colors and patterns are bold; and the quality is excellent.The System Link is another feature of good marketing. For Benetton, this means waiting to get information about