职称英语理工类A级模拟70及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 A 级模拟 70 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The conclusion can be deduced from the premises.（分数：1.00）A.arguedB.derivedC.permittedD.come2.I can no longer tolerate his actions.（分数：1.00）A.put up withB.acceptC.takeD.suffer from3.Our plan is to allocate one member of staff

2、 to handle appointments（分数：1.00）A.askB.persuadeC.assignD.order4.She has been the subject of massive media coverage.（分数：1.00）A.extensiveB.negativeC.responsiveD.explosive5.I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs.（分数：1.00）A.supplyB.reachC.provideD.meet6.His new movie depicts a

3、n ambitious American.（分数：1.00）A.writesB.sketchesC.describesD.indicates7.As a good student, you have to follow the school rules.（分数：1.00）A.reply toB.apply forC.deal withD.comply with8.The police have conducted the extensive investigation for this murdering.（分数：1.00）A.importantB.tiredC.thoroughD.caref

4、ul9.It is said the houses along this street will soon be pulled down .（分数：1.00）A.instructedB.demolishedC.constructedD.conducted10.She is notable for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor.（分数：1.00）A.guiltB.accusedC.famousD.responsible11.The parents always restrain their daughter from s

5、wimming in the nearby pool.（分数：1.00）A.allowB.reduceC.preventD.confine12.This kind of animals is on the verge of extinction .（分数：1.00）A.dying ofB.dying outC.dying offD.dying away13.They are endeavoring to reform the present rules.（分数：1.00）A.tryingB.workingC.doingD.making14.He finally succeeded in car

6、rying out his plan owing to his hard-working.（分数：1.00）A.dealing withB.adapting toC.coping withD.due to15.His idea to solve the problem is really original .（分数：1.00）A.creativeB.greatC.practicalD.perfect二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Coming Soon to a Theater Near You!What are special effects? Do you enjo

7、y movies that use a lot of special effects? Dinosaurs (恐龙) from the distant past! Space battles from the distant future! There has been a revolution in special effects, and it has transformed the movies we see. The revolution began in the mid-1970s with George Lucas“s Star Wars , a film that stunned

8、 (使震惊) audiences. That revolution continues to the present, with dramatic changes in special-effects technology. The company behind these changes is Lucas“s Industrial Light about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco

9、 will kill 10 million people each year. 5. The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. What the FCTC Demands B. US Signing of the FCTC C. Opposition to the FCTC D. How the

10、FCTC Came into Being E. What the FCTC Will Bring about F. Ratification of the FCTC（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Signing the FCTC is only the first step toward 1. A. have ratified it B. approving it C. implement its provisions D. restrict s

11、moking in public places E. caused by tobacco use F. including higher tobacco taxes（分数：1.00）(6).Countries that ratify the FCTC will have to, among other things, 1.（分数：1.00）(7).It is hoped that the FCTC will greatly help to reduce deaths 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Much more countries have signed the FCTC than tho

12、se that 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Valuing ChildhoodThe value of childhood is easily blurred (变得模糊不清) in today“s world. Consider some recent developments. The child, murderers in the Jonesboro schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8,

13、were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago. Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn“t begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may

14、have been a motiveyouthful jealousy (妒忌) and resentment. But a deeper question remains: Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint? That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl“s bicycle, a selfish impulse c

15、ommon enough among kids. Redemption (拯救) is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence? The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are notcannot bedeal

16、t with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That“s why politicians“ cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point. But the moral void (真空) that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes, so does economic stress. That void,

17、 however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they“re doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought? Schools, too, have a role in building characte

18、r. So do youth organizations. So do youth enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance (遵守). The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年), so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are les

19、s likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don“t go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provideand which progressive human society relies on.（分数：15.00）(1).The two boys in Chicago were _.（分数：3.00）A.shotB.murderedC.acc

20、usedD.sentenced(2).The boys in Jonesboro and Chicago apparently lacked a sense of _.（分数：3.00）A.right and wrongB.disciplineC.shameD.safety(3).According to politicians, when children commit crimes, they should be treated in the same way as _.（分数：3.00）A.murderersB.criminalsC.victimsD.adults(4).Which of

21、 the following does the writer cite as a source of moral void?（分数：3.00）A.Official corruption.B.Social injustice.C.Family instability.D.Racial discrimination.(5).Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage?（分数：3.00）A.Parents should strengthen moral instruction.B.Schools should help

22、create a moral sense in children.C.Law enforcement agencies should do more to help children understand laws.D.Youth organizations play no role in building character.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Ford“s Assembly LineWhen it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot ov

23、erlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make carsone, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses (屠宰场). Back in the early 1900“s, slaughterhouses us

24、ed what could have been called a “disassembly line“. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it

25、passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened. “The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on

26、 the line, the assemble team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person.“ Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed (拖, 拉) past workers who completed them one piece at a tim

27、e. It hasn“t long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford

28、them. Soon, auto makers the world over copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile has arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation (自动化), everything from toasters to perfumes

29、 is made on assembly lines.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true?（分数：3.00）A.He introduced a new way of production.B.He influenced all manufacturing.C.He inspired other auto makers.D.He changed a historian“s mind.(2).The writer mentions “slaughterhouses“ because

30、 they were the places where _.（分数：3.00）A.Ford“s assembly line originatedB.Ford made his first carC.Ford readjusted the assembly lineD.Ford innovated the disassembly line(3).A magneto is a technical term for _.（分数：3.00）A.an automobileB.a production lineC.a part of an automobile engineD.a disassembly

31、line(4).The phrase “turning out“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.“producing“B.“selling“C.“buying“D.“fixing“(5).The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford _.（分数：3.00）A.to create more jobs for the unemployedB.to write a book on historyC.to reduce the price of hi

32、s cars to $260D.to cut the production of his cars by 50%七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)“Salty“ Rice Plant Boosts HarvestsBritish scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more

33、 Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University“s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty. The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Scie

34、nces Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice. It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生

35、长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in Latin Ame

36、rica, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind. Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive. To overcome t

37、hese problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants“ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting se

38、eds are ready to be considered for commercial use. Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed

39、 food in the poorer countries of the world.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?（分数：3.00）A.They are students at Sussex University.B.They are rice breeders.C.They are husband and wife.D.They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.(2).Flowers and Y

40、eo have started a programme _.（分数：3.00）A.to find ways to prevent water pollutionB.to identify genes that promote growth in salty soilC.to breed rice plants that taste saltyD.to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed

41、 in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.B.The water table has gone down after droughts.C.Sea level has been continuously rising.D.Evaporation of water leaves salt behind.(4).The word “affect“ in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.“influence“B.“eff

42、ect“C.“stop“D.“present“(5).The attitude of the author towards the research project is _.（分数：3.00）A.positiveB.negativeC.suspiciousD.indifferent八、第 5 部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Science and TechnologyThere is a difference between science and technology. 1 . Science has to do with discovering the facts and

43、relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. 2 Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who

44、 seek to understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people“s likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. 3 . But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides w

45、e have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic (超音速的) aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air. 4 The purpose of technology is to serve peoplepeople in general, not

46、 merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. 5 Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion (枯竭) and even social decay in generalso much so that the promise of technology is “obscured“. That pro

47、mise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will? A. Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B. Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the h

48、uman factor. C. What scientists discover may shock or anger peopleas did Darwin“s theory of evolution. D. Science and technology are different. E. We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. F. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving pra

49、ctical problems.（分数：10.00）九、第 6 部分：完形填空(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Importance of the Public ImagePublic image refers to how a company is viewed by its customers, suppliers, and stockholders (股东), by the financial community, by the communities in which it operates, and by the federal and 1 governments. Public image is controllable to a 2 extent, just as the product, price, place, and promotional efforts are. A firm“s public image 3 a vital role in the attractiveness of the firm and its products to employees, customers, 4 to such outsiders as stockho