职称英语理工类B类-概括大意与完成句子专项突破及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 B 类-概括大意与完成句子专项突破及答案解析(总分：99.84，做题时间：90 分钟)一、概括大意与完成句子(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Memory Test1“I am going to give you five techniques that will enable you to remember anything you need to know at school,“ promised lecturer lan Robinson to a hundred schoolchildren. He slapped his hand down on the table.

2、 “When Ive finished in two hours time, your work will be far more effective and productive. Anyone not interested, leave now.“ The entire room sat still.2Robinson calls himself the Mind Magician (魔术师). He specializes in doing magic tricks that look totally impossible, and then he reveals that they i

3、nvolve nothing more mysterious than good old-fashioned trickery (骗术). “I have always been interested in tricks involving memory-being able to reel off (一口气说出) the order of cards in a pack, that sort of thing,“ he explains.3Robinson was already lecturing to schools on his magic techniques when it str

4、uck him that students might find memory techniques even more valuable. “It wasnt a difficult area to move into, as the stuffs all there in books. “ So he summarized everything to make a two- hour lecture about five techniques.4“You want to learn a list of a hundred things? A thousand? No problem,“ s

5、ays Robinson. The scandal is that every child is not taught the techniques from the beginning of their school life. The schoolchildren who were watching him thought it was brilliant. “I wish Id been told this earlier, “ commented Mark, after Robinson had shown them how to construct “mental journeys“

6、5Essentially, you visualize (想象) a walk down a street, or a trip round a room, and pick the points where you will put the things you want to rememberthe lamppost, the fruit bowl. Then in each location you put a visual representation of your listphrasal verbs, historical dates, whatevermaking them a

7、s strange as possible. It is that simple, and it works.6The reaction of schools has been uniformly enthusiastic. “The pupils benefited enormously from lans presentation,“ says Dr Johnston, head of the school where Robinson was speaking. “Ideally we should run a regular class in memory techniques so

8、pupils can pick it up gradually. /（分数：24.96）(1).AGood resultsBAn ancient skillCGaining attentionDMemory tricksEA lecture on memory techniquesFWays to improve memoryParagraph 2 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(5).Aboo

9、ksBlectureCtricksDfactsEmemoryFlistThe memory techniques used are no more complex than the old _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(6).Robinson taught children to use “mental journeys“ to improve _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(7).Robinson told the pupils that all the memory techniques could be found in _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(8).The

10、schoolchildren got a lot from the magicians _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_Understanding Autism1Autism (孤独症) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, hear and other senses. This results in severe problems of social relationships, communication a

11、nd behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly (费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects and events, in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.2The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physica

12、l problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic (遗传的) factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several “causes“.3Most people w

13、ith mental retardation (智力迟钝) show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits (欠缺) in certain areasmost frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to othersand distinct skills in other areas. It is important

14、to distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders, since diagnostic (诊断的) confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.4In general, individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have au

15、tism are working as artists, piano tuners, painters, farm workers, office workers, computer operators, dishwashers, assembly line workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.（分数：24.96）(1).AWhat causes autism?BHow common is autism?CDoes autism occur together with oth

16、er disabilities?DWhat is the difference between autism and mental retardation?EWhat is autism?FWhat kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do?Paragraph 1 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(5).Adifferent techniquesBs

17、ocial relationships and communicationClanguage and informationDseveral causes working togetherEa degree of repetitionFskill developmentIndividuals with autism are particularly weak at _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(6).It is possible that autism happens as a result of _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(7).Autism and mental reta

18、rdation should be treated with _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(8).A typical feature of people with autism is their uneven _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_Cloning (克隆): Future Perfect?1A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a s

19、heep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves (牛犊) using cloning technology. A mouse has also been cloned successfully. But the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richar

20、d Seed made a surprising announcement: “We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years. “ he told the world.2Seeds announcement provoked a lot of media attention, most of it negative. In Europe, nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the

21、 U.S. the President announced: “We will be introducing a law to ban all human cloning and many states in the U.S. will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year. “3Many researchers are not so negative about cloning. They are worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important

22、research. In March, The New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will have become routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science.4Is

23、 there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded (轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows and films, as well as cartoons. Such information is often misleading, and makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be doing next.5Within the ne

24、xt five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like. But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds, the anti-cloners ask. Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆

25、的人).（分数：24.96）(1).AStrong reactionsBAnxiety about the future of cloningCThe right to chooseDWhat is cloning?EArguments in favor of cloningFA common sightParagraph 1 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(5).Athe nucleus of

26、 a cellBcloned human beingsCa human being in two yearsDa law to ban human cloningEa report on human cloningFheavy media coverageRichard Seed claimed to be able to clone _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(6).Richard Seeds announcement received _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(7).The United States will introduce _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_

27、8).Within ten years scientists will probably have _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_Ford1Fords great strength was the manufacturing processnot invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars toge

28、ther in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.2The companys assembly line alone threw Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the

29、entire car, Fords friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Fords Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.3The sa

30、me year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5-a-day minimum wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a

31、man could be paid that much for doing something that didnt involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan “an economic crime“, and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.4But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Fords dream t

32、o make the automobile accessible (可及的) to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didnt matterexcept for making it possible for more people to buy cars.（分数：24.96）(1).AFords FollowersBThe Assembly LineCFords Great DreamDThe Esta

33、blishment of the CompanyEFords Biggest ContributionFFords Great TalentParagraph 1 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(5).Acriticized by the mediaBthe low wage in the auto industryCown a carDproduce cars in large numbers

34、Ethe 8-hour-shift practiceFcombined technology and marketThe assembly line made it possible to _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(6).Ford was the first to adopt _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(7).Higher wages enabled many people to _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_(8).Fords higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_职称

35、英语理工类 B 类-概括大意与完成句子专项突破答案解析(总分：99.84，做题时间：90 分钟)一、概括大意与完成句子(总题数：4，分数：100.00)Memory Test1“I am going to give you five techniques that will enable you to remember anything you need to know at school,“ promised lecturer lan Robinson to a hundred schoolchildren. He slapped his hand down on the table. “W

36、hen Ive finished in two hours time, your work will be far more effective and productive. Anyone not interested, leave now.“ The entire room sat still.2Robinson calls himself the Mind Magician (魔术师). He specializes in doing magic tricks that look totally impossible, and then he reveals that they invo

37、lve nothing more mysterious than good old-fashioned trickery (骗术). “I have always been interested in tricks involving memory-being able to reel off (一口气说出) the order of cards in a pack, that sort of thing,“ he explains.3Robinson was already lecturing to schools on his magic techniques when it struck

38、 him that students might find memory techniques even more valuable. “It wasnt a difficult area to move into, as the stuffs all there in books. “ So he summarized everything to make a two- hour lecture about five techniques.4“You want to learn a list of a hundred things? A thousand? No problem,“ says

39、 Robinson. The scandal is that every child is not taught the techniques from the beginning of their school life. The schoolchildren who were watching him thought it was brilliant. “I wish Id been told this earlier, “ commented Mark, after Robinson had shown them how to construct “mental journeys“.5E

40、ssentially, you visualize (想象) a walk down a street, or a trip round a room, and pick the points where you will put the things you want to rememberthe lamppost, the fruit bowl. Then in each location you put a visual representation of your listphrasal verbs, historical dates, whatevermaking them as s

41、trange as possible. It is that simple, and it works.6The reaction of schools has been uniformly enthusiastic. “The pupils benefited enormously from lans presentation,“ says Dr Johnston, head of the school where Robinson was speaking. “Ideally we should run a regular class in memory techniques so pup

42、ils can pick it up gradually. /（分数：24.96）(1).AGood resultsBAn ancient skillCGaining attentionDMemory tricksEA lecture on memory techniquesFWays to improve memoryParagraph 2 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）解析：(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：(4).Para

43、graph 5 _（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）解析：(5).AbooksBlectureCtricksDfactsEmemoryFlistThe memory techniques used are no more complex than the old _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：(6).Robinson taught children to use “mental journeys“ to improve _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）解析：(7).Robinson told the pupils that a

44、ll the memory techniques could be found in _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）解析：(8).The schoolchildren got a lot from the magicians _.（分数：3.12）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：Understanding Autism1Autism (孤独症) is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see, he

45、ar and other senses. This results in severe problems of social relationships, communication and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly (费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects and events, in a similar manner to those

46、who have had a stroke.2The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic (遗传的) factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several “causes“.3Most people with mental retardation (智力迟钝) show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism, howe