职称英语理工类B级-44及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 B 级-44 及答案解析(总分：628.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.There are Uvarious/U kinds of food in China. A. lot B. many C. different D. delicious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.She cried aloud Uall at once/U. A. for a long time B. suddenly C. for no reason D. quickly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.They had a

2、 far better Uyield/U than any other farm miles away around this year. A. goods B. soil C. climate D. harvest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Its hard for us to Uchoose/U a book among these books. A. elect B. buy C. recognize D. select（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Most people Ufavored/U the plan. A. agreed B. opposed C. like

3、d D. voted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.If I made a mistake, I will try to Uremedy/U it. A. clarify B. diagnose C. evaporate D. correct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.We Uderive/U information mainly from the Internet. A. deprive B. obtain C. descend D. trace（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.His sole Umotive/U was to make her happy. A. ai

4、m B. argument C. capability D. pursuit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.He could not Utolerate/U the extremes of heat in the desert. A. bear B. hate C. like D. criticize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.These factors interact Uintimately/U and cannot be separated. A. tensely B. nearly C. carefully D. closely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.

5、She Uexhibited/U great powers of endurance during the climb. A. played B. sent C. showed D. told（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The Ueternal/U motion of the stars fascinated him. A. long B. never-ending C. boring D. extensive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.She answered the difficult question, which was an Uimmense/U load o

6、ff her heart. A. natural B. fatal C. tiny D. enormous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The book made a great Uimpact/U on its readers. A. force B. influence C. surprise D. power（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Accompanied by Ucheerful/U music, we began to dance. A. pleasant B. colorful C. fashionable D. different（分数：1.00）A.B.

7、C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：49.00)Irradiating FoodIrradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval d

8、oes not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue th

9、at more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standards, and more careful preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment neces

10、sary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food s

11、erved by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiationgamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X raysand sets limits on doses, depending

12、 on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiati

13、on.（分数：49.00）(1).Killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is completely approved by the US government. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A great many food processors produce irritated foods. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Many consumer

14、s suspect the safety of irradiated foods and suggest the government inspect them severely. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Some companies foresee the bankruptcy of food processing factories. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Irradiated fruits and vegetable

15、s do not need to be labelled. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labelling it. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).According to the passage, FDA approves irradiated food to some ext

16、ent but irradiated food is not widely accepted. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：64.00)Electromagnetic Energy1. White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you ca

17、n see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy.2. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can

18、use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space.3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared(红外线的) radiation is an electrom

19、agnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays(紫外线) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food an

20、d heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer.

21、 X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones.4. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, s

22、ome of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too.5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemica

23、l reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed(利用) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron(电子) rearrange

24、ment. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the suns energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium(氦).6. Nuclear

25、 energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.（分数：64.00）(1).Paragraph 3 _. A. Nuclear Reactions as the Lasti

26、ng Source of the Suns Energy B. The Most Important Source of Energy C. Types of Electromagnetic Energy D. X-rays Are Used to Detect and Treat Cancer E. Seeking New Sources of Energy F. Nuclear Energy is Beginning to Compete with Coal（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _

27、.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(5).Visible light that produce warmth is an example of _. A. electromagnetic energy B. electromagnetic energy travels through space C. came from the sun D. when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place E. when the sunrays are fierce F. chemica

28、l energy is generated（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(6).We can use energy from the sun because _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(7).The energy stored in coal _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_(8).When electron rearrangement takes place, _.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：75.00)Electronic TeachingThe potential of

29、closed-circuit television and other new electronic teaching tools is so great that it is fascinating to visualize “the school of tomorrow“.Televised lessons will originate from a central building having perhaps four or five master studios. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city,

30、 or even an entire country.After a televised lesson has been given, the classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up“ period. The students will ask any troublesome questions, and difficult points will be cleared up through discussion.The teacher in the classroom will have additi

31、onal electronic tools. On the teachers desk, the traditional chalk and erasers will have been replaced by a multiple-control panel and magnetic tape player. The tape machines will run pre-recorded lessons which pupils will follow by headphones. The lessons will be specifically geared to the students

32、 levels of ability. For instance, while the class as a whole studies history, each student will receive an individual history lesson, directed to his particular level of ability.Should question arise, the students will be able to talk directly to the teacher on individual “intercoms“ without disturb

33、ing the rest of the class. In this way, the teacher will be able to conduct as many as three classes at the same time.With the rapid development of computer science, students will be aided with specially prepared multimedia software to study their subjects better. Homework will possibly be assigned

34、and handed in via electronic mail system. Students can even take examinations on their computer linked with the teachers and get the score instantly. They will get certificates or diplomas if they pass all the required examinations. Experts believe that this type of education will be very popular in

35、 the years ahead.（分数：75.00）(1).In Paragraph 1, what does “the school of tomorrow“ mean? A. The school with a central building. B. The school with four or five master studios. C. The school with television. D. The school with televised lessons and electronic teaching tools.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(2).After

36、 a televised lesson, which will not happen? A. The classroom teacher will take over for the all-important “follow-up“ period. B. The lessons will be carried into classrooms all over a city, or even an entire country. C. The students will ask any troublesome questions. D. Difficult points will be cle

37、ared up through discussion.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In the following statements, which one will not happen in the televised lesson? A. The teacher will still have to play an important role. B. The chalk and erasers will still be used. C. Each student will receive an individual lesson. D. The lessons wi

38、ll be specifically geared to the students levels of ability.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What kind of lessons will the students have? A. The same lessons. B. Individual lessons according to their ability levels. C. Individual lessons according to the teachers instruction. D. Individual lessons according to

39、 their parents instruction.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the last paragraph, which one is true? A. Homework will be handed in via electronic mail system. B. Homework will not be assigned. C. Students never take examinations. D. Students get the score after a long time.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B

40、(总题数：1，分数：75.00)Listening Device Provides Landslide(山崩；地滑；塌方) Early WarningA device that provides early warning of a landslide by monitoring vibrations(振动)in soil is being tested by UK researchers. The device could save thousands of lives each year by warning when an area should be evacuated(疏散，撤走),

41、 the scientists say. Such natural disasters are common in countries that experience sudden, heavy rainfall(降雨), and can also be triggered by earthquakes and even water erosion(腐蚀，侵蚀).Landslides start when a few particles of soil or rock within a slope start to move, but the early stages can be hard

42、to spot. Following this initial movement, “slopes can become unstable in a matter of hours or minutes,“ says Nell Dixon at Southborough University, UK. He says a warning system that monitors this movement “might be enough to evacuate a block of flats or clear a road, and save lives“.The most common

43、way to monitor a slope for signs of an imminent(即将发生的) landslide is to watch for changes in its shape. Surveyors can do this by measuring aside directly, or sensors(传感器) sunk into boreholes(钻孔，井眼) or fixed above ground can be used to monitor the shape of a slope. Slopes can, however, change shape wi

44、thout triggering a landslide, so either method is prone to causing false alarms. Now Dixons team has developed a device that listens for the vibrations caused when particles begin moving within a slope.The device takes the form of a steel pipe dropped into a borehole in a slope. The borehole is fill

45、ed in with gravel(砾，砂砾，砾石) around the pipe to help transmit high- frequency vibrations generated by particles within the slope. These vibrations pass up the tube and are picked up by a sensor on the surface. Software analyses the vibration signal to determine whether a landslide may be imminent.The

46、device is currently being tested in a 6-metre-tall artificial clay embankment(堤岸) in Newcastle, UK. Early results suggest it should provide fewer false positives than existing systems. Once it has been carefully and thoroughly tested, the device could be used to create a complete early-warning syste

47、m for dangerous slopes.“Locations with a significant risk of landslides could definitely benefit from a machine like this,“ says Adam Poulter, an expert at the British Red Cross. “As long as it doesnt cost too much.“ But, Poulter adds that an early-warning system may not enough on its own. “You need

48、 to have the human communication,“ he says. “Making systems that get warnings to those who need them can be difficult.“（分数：75.00）(1).What does “such natural disasters“ in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Sudden, heavy rainfall. B. Earthquakes. C. Water erosion. D. Landslides.（分数：15.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements is true of l