职称英语理工类B级-54及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 B级-54 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The moon and most artificial satellites travel around the Earth in elliptical paths .（分数：1.00）A.wavesB.orbitsC.voyagesD.flights2.It is easy to misjudge the strength of the wind.（分数：1.00）A.forceB.directionC.temperatureD.effect3.T

2、he prisoners grew increasingly desperate .（分数：1.00）A.eagerB.worseningC.worriedD.despairing4.Tom“s wife succeeded in persuading him into giving up smoking.（分数：1.00）A.askingB.talkingC.requiringD.forcing5.The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror.（分数：1.00）A.smilingB.laughingC.shoutingD.staring6.The d

3、ominant theme in the music is of tranquility and peacefulness.（分数：1.00）A.majorB.finalC.copiousD.sluggish7.During their winter hibernation period, bears doze .（分数：1.00）A.sleep slightlyB.lose furC.go hungryD.have babies8.Unfortunately, the rate of his expenditure surpasses that of his income.（分数：1.00）

4、A.precedesB.dominatesC.exceedsD.prevails9.Before the development of movable metal type in the mid-fifteen century, news was disseminated by word of mouth, by letter, or by public notice.（分数：1.00）A.organizedB.requestedC.distributedD.limited10.Please give my best wishes to your family.（分数：1.00）A.notic

5、esB.attentionsC.regardsD.cares11.I am sure to tell you that there“s no danger.（分数：1.00）A.ensureB.assureC.insureD.secure12.The restaurant has a good reputation .（分数：1.00）A.systemB.nameC.relationD.leadership13.It is convenient to purchase on line.（分数：1.00）A.readB.buyC.rentD.watch14.Poor health and lac

6、k of money may both be roadblocks to educational progress.（分数：1.00）A.restraintsB.stainsC.scarcitiesD.barriers15.In fine days, you“d better open windows to ventilate the room.（分数：1.00）A.sweepB.airC.cleanD.wash二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Facebook Wants to “Listen“ to Your Music and TVFacebook is to rel

7、ease a new feature on its mobile app that “listens“ to your music and TV shows. If the song or show is recognized by the app, users can publish the information on their profile or to selected friends. The service hopes to take advantage of the “second screen“ trend, which sees fans of TV shows, in p

8、articular sharing their experiences on social networks. However, some users have privacy concerns. The feature, which will be available in a few weeks“ time, uses the microphones inside users“ smartphones to detect nearby music or TV shows. As the user begins writing a status update, a small animate

9、d icon will appear at the top of the app. If the app detects the appropriate audio signals and finds a match from its database, the user can then share what he or she is watching or listening to. Facebook says the feature can be turned off at any time, the audio recording is not stored anywhere and

10、the device cannot identify background noise or conversations. “If you share music, your friends can see a 30-second preview of the song. For TV shows, the story in News Feed will highlight the specific season and episode you“re watching,“ Facebook said in a statement. The company hopes this new meth

11、od of sharing user listening and watching habits will take advantage of the five billion status updates related to TV and music experiences that the social networking giant sees on a yearly basis. However, automating part of the sharing process has left some users suspicious, with Nicole Simon comme

12、nting on TechCrunch that: “While the idea is nice and technology really interesting, I have no interest in Facebook “observing“ my audio and surrounding. Yes, it starts currently as opt-in, and only on occasion, but there is no trust from my side for even that.“ The BBC understands that this new fea

13、ture was not specifically designed to enhance Facebook“s advertising. However, the company could push an advertisement to a user“s phone based on their tracked listening habits. This is in keeping with Facebook“s current approach to advertising, which uses publicly provided information on users“ pro

14、files to push advertisements that are more relevant to each individual user. The basic idea behind Facebook“s feature is not a new onesince 2002 Shazam, which has recently seen a $3 million investment from Sony Music Entertainment, has been providing a similar audio recognition service, with its web

15、site describing itself as “a mobile app that recognizes music and TV around you“. Facebook“s much larger user base could pose a future threat to the comparatively smaller company.（分数：7.00）(1).Nowadays, Facebook can “listen“ to nearby music and TV shows by its app.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mention

16、ed(2).“Second screen“ may witness an increasing number of applications in the future.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The audio recording device can recognize any sound.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Customers show no worry about this new function.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not men

17、tioned(5).This new feature has no advertising function.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Facebook will take the initiative to put the new feature into application.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Shazam“s audio recognition service is better than Facebook“s.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.N

18、ot mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Breaking the News about Your Diagnosis1. When I was diagnosed with breast cancer nearly a year ago, I found myself at a loss for words at first. Over time, however, I developed some pointers (点子), which I hope will help others. 2. During the first few week

19、s of emotional “aftershocks“ (余悸) from the diagnosis, I found myself unable to utter the word “cancer“. Still, I wanted to share the news with my relatives and friends who already knew that I“d had a biopsy (活检) and were anxiously awaiting my telephone call. I did the best I could, which is all anyo

20、ne can do in this situation. When I called them, I said,“ What we feared has happened.“ They immediately knew what I meant. 3. Nearly a year after my diagnosis, I find myself more comfortable telling people “I was diagnosed with cancer“ instead of saying “I have cancer“. On some deep level, I don“t

21、want to “own“ this illness. Choose language that suits you when you share your news. And keep in mind that there is no one “right“ way of doing this. 4. Most people, after hearing your announcement, will be curious about the next step. They may wonder if you will be undergoing radiation therapy and/

22、or chemotherapy (化疗). They may wonder where and when you will have surgery. Answer their questions as best as you can, but keep in mind that “I don“t know right now“ or “I“m still in too much shock to think about that“ are good answers. 5. Wait until the initial wave of strong emotions has passed be

23、fore telling the children in your life. Don“t overwhelm (使不知所措) very young children with too much information. Assure them that, even if you will be in the hospital for a while, they will see you every day and they will be cared for. Older children may already fear the word “cancer“, so be prepared

24、to reassure them. Emphasize the positive steps that doctors will be taking to treat your illness.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Break the news as calmly as possible to children B. Break the news at your own pace C. Share the good news with your friends D. Choose language that suits you E. Follow your

25、 doctor“s advice F. Be prepared for people“s curiosity（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).You can break the news about your diagnosis without saying 1. A. your own choice of words B. the word “cancer“ C. the positive steps D. about the next step

26、 E. on too many answers F. with too much information（分数：1.00）(6).When breaking the news about your diagnosis, you can have 1.（分数：1.00）(7).After hearing about your diagnosis, people will ask questions 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Very young children won“t feel comfortable 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一

27、篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Ford“s Assembly LineWhen it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducin

28、g a new way to make carsone, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses (屠宰场). Back in the early 1900s, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a “disassembly line“. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto

29、磁力发电机). Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells

30、 what happened. “The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assembly team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person.“ Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went al

31、l the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed (拖, 拉) past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It wasn“t long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system

32、 that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers all over the world copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorro

33、w. The Age of the Automobile had arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation, everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true?（分数：3.00）A.He introduced a new way of production.B.He influenced

34、 the manufacturing.C.He inspired other auto makers.D.He changed a historian“s mind.(2).The writer mentions “slaughterhouses“ because they were the places where _.（分数：3.00）A.Ford“s assembly line originatedB.Ford made his first carC.Ford readjusted the assembly lineD.Ford innovated the disassembly lin

35、e(3).A magneto is a technical term for _.（分数：3.00）A.an automobileB.a production lineC.a part of an automobile engineD.a disassembly line(4).The word “turning out“ in the fourth paragraph could be best replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.producingB.sellingC.buyingD.fixing(5).The invention of the assembly line e

36、nabled Henry Ford _.（分数：3.00）A.to create more jobs for the unemployeedB.to write a book on historyC.to reduce the price of his ears to $ 260D.to cut the production of his cars by 50%六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)LibrariesA library is a place to find out about almost anything. In it there are mostly books. Th

37、ere are also pictures, papers, magazines, maps, tapes, and records. Special science and art shows, story hours, movies, plays, and contests may also be held there. Long long ago, a library had only books, and these were hard to get. Books could be written only by hand. There were so few that no one

38、was allowed to take them out of the library. After the printing press was invented, books could be made faster. This helped libraries get more books. To borrow a book to take home today, a person just needs a library card. In many libraries a helper checks the book out. He or she stamps the card. Th

39、e mark shows the date by which the book must be returned. If the book is returned late, the person must usually pay money, called a fine. In some libraries a computer has taken the place of stamping. Books in a library are put into a certain order to help people find what they want. All books about

40、animals may be placed together. Or all stories written by the same person may be placed together. A big set of cards lists all the library“s books “in alphabetical order. It is called the card catalog. It tells where each of them can be found. People who live far in the country may find it hard to g

41、et to a library. For these people there are bookmobiles, which are large trucks filled with books. Each truck travels to many places. All the people have to do is meet the truck and choose the books they would like to read.（分数：15.00）(1).What can we find in a library _.（分数：3.00）A.all the books unpubl

42、ishedB.all the informationC.records and video tapesD.experimental equipment(2).Why were there only few books in an ancient library?（分数：3.00）A.Because people couldn“t borrow any from it.B.Because books were written by hand and very rare.C.Because they were hard to protect.D.Because they were easily d

43、estroyed.(3).How has the situation changed?（分数：3.00）A.Libraries can get books as many as possible.B.It is quite easy for you to check out books and information by yourself.C.You can borrow books without any regulations.D.It is fairly easy for you to borrow books from libraries.(4).Books in a library

44、 are stored in different orders, such as the order designed according to _.（分数：3.00）A.field of WritingB.spelling of titlesC.spelling of writers“ namesD.all of the above(5).Which one is NOT introduced about libraries?（分数：3.00）A.When the first library appeared.B.The history of them.C.The current situa

45、tion.D.Something about moving libraries.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Superconductor Ceramic (陶瓷)An underground revolution begins this winter. With the flip (轻击) of a switch, 30,000 homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in the country to receive electricity transmitted by ice-cold high-perf

46、ormance cables. Other American cities are expected to follow Detroit“s example in the years ahead, which could conserve enormous amounts of power. The new electrical cables at the Frisbie power station in Detroit are revolutionary because they are made of superconductors. A superconductor is a mater

47、ial that transmits electricity with little or no resistance. Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current. All common electrical conductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance. They convert at least some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste he

48、at. Superconductors don“t. No one understands how superconductivity works. It just does. Making superconductors isn“t easy. A superconductor material has to be cooled to an extremely low temperature to lose its resistance. The first superconductors, made more than 50 years ago, had to be cooled to-2

49、63degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance. Newer superconducting materials lose their resistance at-143 degrees Celsius. The superconductors cable installed at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic material that contains copper, oxygen, bismuth (铋) , strontium (锶) , and calcium (钙). A ceramic is a hard, strong compound made from clay or minerals. The superconducting ceramic has been fashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwise around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen is super cold and lowers the temperature of the ceramic