职称英语理工类B级真题2010年及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 B级真题 2010年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment（分数：1.00）A.angerB.doubtC.loveD.surprise2.The document was compiled by the Department of Health（分数：1.00）A.writtenB.printedC.attachedD.sent3.3。Hes spent years cultivating a

2、knowledge of art（分数：1.00）A.sharingB.usingC.denyingD.developing4.Weve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues（分数：1.00）A.clearB.regularC.quickD.great5.Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners（分数：1.00）A.politeB.similarC.usualD.bad6.I want to provide my boys with a Udecent/U edu

3、cation（分数：1.00）A.goodB.specialC.privateD.general7.In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy（分数：1.00）A.reducesB.changesC.leavesD.drops8.Many cities have restricted smoking in public places（分数：1.00）A.limitedB.allowedC.stoppedD.kept9.What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?（分数：1.0

4、0）A.retirementB.advertisementC.advancementD.replacement10.If we leave now，we should miss the traffic（分数：1.00）A.directB.stopC.mixD.avoid11.There was a profound silence after his remark（分数：1.00）A.proudB.shortC.suddenD.deep12.I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues（分数：1.00）A.lo

5、ngB.boringC.originalD.humorous13.The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village（分数：1.00）A.caughtB.killedC.foundD.jailed14.Such a database would be extremely costly to set up（分数：1.00）A.establishB.destroyC.updateD.transfer15.The two banks have announced plans to merge next year（分数：1.00

6、）A.combineB.closeC.breakD.sell二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 A Great Quake Coming?Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the Bay Area-and they can be devastatingIn 1906，for ex

7、ample，a major quake destroyed about 28,000 buildings and killed hundreds，perhaps thousands of peopleResidents now wonder when the next“Big One”will strikeIts bound to happen somedayAt least seven active fault(断层)lines run through the San Francisco area Faults are places where pieces of Earths crust(

8、地壳)slide past each otherWhen these pieces slip，the ground shakes To prepare for that day，scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas fault split apa

9、rt faster than scientists had assumed at the timeDuring small earthquakes，faults rupture(断裂)at about 2.7 kilometers per secondDuring bigger quakes，howeverruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometers per second At such high speeds，massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground

10、 waves that can cause more damage than the quake itselfLucky for San Francisco，these pressure pulses(脉冲)traveled away from the city during the 1906 eventAs bad as the damage was，it could have been far worse Looking aheadscientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occurRecords sho

11、w that earthquakes were common before 1906Since then，the area has been relatively quietPatterns in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the Bay Area before 2032 is at least 62 percent New buildings in San Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakesStill，

12、more than 84 percent of the citys buildings are old and weakAnalyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty quiet for a whileAccording to the new research，howeverits not a matter of“

13、if”the Big One will hitIts just a matter of when （分数：7.00）(1).The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(2).The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(3)

14、.The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per second（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(4).Earthquakes rarely happened in San Francisco before 1906（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(5).San Francisco is fully prepared for another big earthqua

15、ke（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(6).Scientists will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(7).A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数

16、：8.00)下面的短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1个最佳标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定 1个最佳选项。 Natural Gas1Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earths surfaceIt is a fossil fuel(矿物燃 料)，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years a

17、goThe main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷) 2The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeline infrastructure(基础设)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential，commercial and industrial custome

18、rs worldwideToday，natural gas service is available in all 50 states in the US，and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries More than 65 million American homes use natural gasIn fact，natural gas is the most economical source for home energy needs，costing one-third as muc

19、h as electricityIn addition to heating homes，much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products， from paint，to fibers for clothing，to plastics for healthcare，computing and furnishingsNatural gas is also used in a significant number of new el

20、ectricity-generating power plants 3Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels availableIt emits(发出)less pollution than other fossil fuel sourcesWhen natural gas is burned，it produces mostly carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)and water vapor-the same substances emitted when humans breatheCompared with some

21、 other fossil fuels，natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted(燃烧)-making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all 4The United States consumes about one-third of the worlds natural gas output，making it the largest gas-consuming region in the worldThe

22、USDepartment of Energys Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025 5There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earths surfaceThe largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia，West and North Africa and the Middle East

23、LNG(液化天然气)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades Today，the leading importers of LNG are Japan，Korea，France and Spain AClean fuel of choice BNatural gas prices CNatural gas consumption DPopularity and use of natural gas EDisadvantages of natural ga

24、s FNatural gas reserves and supply（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Aover the past 50 years Bbeneath the earths surface Cby more than 50 percent Dfor more than four decades Eas a raw material Ffor

25、home energy needs（分数：4.00）(1).Natural gas is stored deep_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).When manufacturing many different products，people commonly use natural gas_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).It is estimated that by 2025 the natural gas

26、demand in the United States will increase_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定 1个最佳选项。 B第一篇/BWalking to Exercise the BrainDo you think sitting and studying all the time will improve studentsgrades? Think againGetting some exercise may help，too New research

27、 with older people suggests that taking regular walks helps them pay attention better than if they didnt exercise Previous research had shown that mice learn，remember，and pay attention better after a few weeks of working out on a running wheelMice that exercise have greater blood flow to the brain t

28、han those who dontTheir brain cells also make more connections Neuroscientists(神经科学家)from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign wanted to find out if the same thing is true for peopleFirst，they measured the physical fitness of 41 adults，ages 58 to 77，after each person walked 1 mileThen，part

29、icipants looked at arrows on a computer screen and had to use computer keys to show which way one particular arrow was pointing Adults who were physically fit were faster at the arrow task，and their answers were just as accurate as their less-fit peers，the researchers foundThe fitter participants al

30、so had more blood flow to a part of their brain responsible for paying attention and making decisions In a second study，15 elderly people who completed a 6-month aerobic-training(有氧运动)course were faster at attention tasks compared with 14 seniors who just did stretching and toning(韵律操)exercises for

31、the same amount of time So，even going for a walk every 2 or 3 days for just 10 to 45 minutes can helpThat should be good news for the elderly The effects of exercising on the brains of younger people havent been studied yetStill，it cant hurt to take occasional breaks and go for a walk or run around

32、with friendsWhatever you do，though，dont try to read and walk at the same timeYou could end up hurting yourself! （分数：15.00）(1).Walking regularly helps elderly people（分数：3.00）A.lose weightB.become happierC.concentrate betterD.look younger(2).After taking exercise for a few weeks，the mice were found to

33、 have（分数：3.00）A.higher blood pressureB.faster heartbeatC.more blood flow to the brainD.better appearance(3).The first study on 41 elderly people found（分数：3.00）A.the less-fit participants did arrow tasks fasterB.the fitter participants did arrow tasks fasterC.the less-fit participants gave more accur

34、ate answersD.the fitter participants gave more accurate answers(4).It can be good for health when one takes a walk every 2 or 3 days for at least（分数：3.00）A.3 minutesB.45 minutesC.30 minutesD.10 minutes(5).It is suggested in the last paragraph that people should（分数：3.00）A.run around once a weekB.not

35、read and walk at the same timeC.go for a walk every dayD.not hurt their friends while exercisingB第二篇/BNight of the Living AntsWhen an ant dies，other ants move the dead insect out of the nestThis behavior is interesting to scientists，who wonder how ants know for sure-and so soon-that another ant is d

36、ead Dong-Hwan Choe，a scientist at the University of California，found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants，“Im dead-take me away” But theres a twist to Choes discoveryChoe says that the living ants-not just the dead ones -have this death chemic

37、alIn other words，while an ant crawls around，perhaps in a picnic or home，its telling other ants that its dead What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies，and these tell nearby ants something like，“Wait-Im not dead yet”

38、 So Choes research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants：one says，“Im dead，”the other set says，“Im not dead yet” Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is deadIf an ant is knocked unconscious，other ants leave it alone until it wakes upThat means ants know t

39、hat unmoving ants can still be alive Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant diesthe chemical that says“Wait-Im not dead yet” quickly goes awayOnce that chemical is gone，only the one that says“Im dead”is left“Its because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the gr

40、aveyard(墓地)，not because its body releases new，unique chemicals after death，”said ChoeWhen other ants detect the“dead”chemical without the“not dead yet”chemical，they haul away the bodyThis was Choes hypothesis(假设) To test his hypothesis，Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae

41、(蛹) When the scientists used the“Im dead”chemical，other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away When the scientists used the“Wait-Im not dead yet”chemical，other ants left the treated pupae alone Choe believes this behavior shows that the“not dead yet”chemical overrides(优胜于)the“dead”chemical when

42、picked up by adult antsAnd that when an ant dies，the“not dead yet”chemical fades away Other nearby ants then detect the remaining“dead”chemical and remove the body from the nest （分数：15.00）(1).The phrase“this death chemical”in paragraph 3 refers to（分数：3.00）A.the chemical that contains poisonB.the che

43、mical that announces deathC.the chemical that prevents deathD.the chemical that causes death(2).Which of the following statements is NOT true of ants?（分数：3.00）A.Ants know very soon that another ant is deadB.When an ant is dead，others move its body out of the nestC.If an ant is unconscious，it is move

44、d out of the nestD.Living ants have the“Im dead”chemical on their bodies(3).According to Choes hypothesis，（分数：3.00）A.the“Im dead”chemical leaves the body of an ant when it diesB.an ant still smells like a living one when it diesC.an ant gives off a new chemical when it diesD.the“Im not dead yet”chem

45、ical leaves the body of an ant when it dies(4).According to paragraph 7，what is the result of the test on Choes hypothesis?（分数：3.00）A.It shows that his hypothesis is wrongB.It proves that his hypothesis is convincingC.It suggests that his hypothesis needs revisingD.Not enough evidence has been found

46、 to support his hypothesis(5).The passage“Night of the Living Ants”tells us about（分数：3.00）A.how an ant is moved out of the nest at nightB.what an ant does at nightC.how an ant finds its way in darknessD.what happens when an ant diesB第三篇/BThe IcemanOn a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing

47、 the mountains between Austria and Italy High up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the iceAt that height(10,499 feet， or 3,200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm yearThe mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to

48、the surface It was lying face downwardThe skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the headThere was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothesThe hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth bootsNearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮)and a holder for arrows Who was this man?How and when had he died?Everybody had