职称英语理工类C级-45及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 C级-45 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Patricia stared at the other girls with Uresentment/U. A. anger B. doubt C. love D. surprise（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The document was Ucompiled/U by the Department of Health. A. written B. printed C. attached D. sent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.

2、D.3.Hes spent years Ucultivating/U a knowledge of art. A. sharing B. using C. denying D. developing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Weve seen a Umarked/U shift in our approach to the social issues. A. clear B. regular C. quick D. great（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Her father was a quiet man with Ugraceful/U manners. A. poli

3、te B. similar C. usual D. bad（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.We can no longer Uput up with/U his actions. A. bear B. accept C. support D. oppose（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Loud noises can be Uirritating/U. A. confusing B. interesting C. stimulating D. annoying（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.That player is Ueternally/U arguing with th

4、e referee. A. desperately B. constantly C. eventually D. extensively（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The governor gave a rather Uvague/U outline of his tax plan. A. unclear B. firm C. short D. neat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Gambling is Ulawful/U in Nevada. A. popular B. booming C. legal D. profitable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.

5、Have you talked to her Ulately/U? A. lastly B. finally C. shortly D. recently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.UWhile/U we dont agree, we continue to be friends. A. Whoever B. Where C. Although D. Whatever（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.UEnormous/U sums of money have been spent on space exploration. A. Much B. Large C. Small

6、 D. Fixed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.About one million Americans are diagnosed Uannually/U with skin cancer. A. every year B. severely C. actively D. every month（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The policeman wrote down all the Uparticulars/U of the accident. A. secrets B. details C. benefits D. words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B

7、第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)New Product Will Save LivesDrinking water that looks clean may still contain bugs(虫子), which can cause illness. A small company called Genera Technologies has produced a testing method in three stages, which shows whether water is safe. The new test shows if water needs ch

8、emicals added to it, to destroy anything harmful. It was invented by scientist Dr. Adrian Patton, who started Genera five Years ago. He and his employees have developed the test together with a British water company.Andy Headland, Generas marketing director, recently presented the test at a conferen

9、ce in the USA and forecast good American sales for it. Genera has already sold 11 of its tests at $42,500 a time in the U.K. and has a further four on order. It expects to sell another 25 tests before the end of March. The company says it is the only test in the U.K. to be approved by the government

10、.Genera was formed five years ago and until October last year had only five employees; it now employs 14. Mr. Headland believes that the company should make around $19 million by the end of the year in the U.K. alone.（分数：7.00）(1).Genera Technologies has developed a method that determines whether wat

11、er is clean. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Before he set up Genera, Dr. Parton had worked for a British water company. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The new product has been a commercial Success in the USA. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）

12、A.B.C.D.(4).Each of the tests costs $4,2, 500. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Genera Technologies orders 25 more tests before the end of the year. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).The British government is helping Dr. Parton to sell the tests abroad. A.

13、Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Genera has increased the number of its employees recently. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Cloning(克隆):Future Perfect?1. A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell. S

14、ince Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997 research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create WTO identical calves(牛犊)using cloning technology. A mouse has also been cloned successfully, but the debate

15、 over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement: “We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years,“ he told the world.2. Seeds announcement provoked a lot of media attention, most of it negative. In Europe, nineteen nations

16、 have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the U.S. the President announced: “We will be introducing a law to ban all human cloning and many states in the U.S. will have passed anticloning laws by the end of the year.“3. Many researchers are not so negative about cloning. They ar

17、e worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research. In March, The New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken. Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it, human cloning will have become routine by

18、 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science.4. Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded(轰炸)with newspaper articles, television shows and films, as well as cartoons. Such information is often misleading, and makes people won

19、der what on earth the scientists will be doing next.5. Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like. But how would it feel to be a clone among hundr

20、eds, the anti-cloners ask. Pretty cool, answer the pro-cloners (赞成克隆的人).（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1_ A. Strong Reactions. B. Anxiety about the Future of Cloning. C. The Right to Choose. D. What is Cloning? E. Arguments in Favor of Cloning. F. A Common Sight.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项

21、1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Richard Seed claimed to be able to clone _. A. the nucleus of a cell B. cloned human beings C. a human being in two years D. a law to ban human cloning E. a report on human cloning F. heavy media coverage（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Richa

22、rd Seeds announcement received _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The United States will introduce _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Within ten years scientists will probably have _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Still High in A Slowdown, Executive Pay Draws LooksBusiness has slowed, l

23、ayoffs mount, but executive pay continues to roar-at least so far. Business Weeks annual survey finds that chief executive officers (CEOS) at 365 of the largest companies got compensation last year averaging $3.1 million-up 1.3 percent from 1994.Why are the top bosses getting an estimated 485 times

24、the pay of a typical factory worker? That is up from 475 times in 1999 and a mere 42 times in 1980. One reason may be what experts call the “Lake Wobegon effect“. Corporate boards tend to reckon that “all CEOs are above average“ -a play on Garrison Keillors famous line in his public radio show, A Pr

25、airie Home Companion, that all the towns children are “above average“. Consultants provide boards with surveys of corporate CEO compensation. Since directors are reluctant to regard their CEOs as below average, the compensation committees of boards tend to set pay at an above-average level. The resu

26、lt: Pay levels get ratcheted up (一步步地增加).Defenders of lavish CEO pay argue there is such a strong demand for experienced CEOs that the free market forces their pay up. They further maintain most boards structure pay packages to reflect an executives performance. They get paid more if their companies

27、 and their stock do well. So companies with high-paid CEOs generate great wealth for their shareholders.But the supposed cream-of-the-crop executives did surprisingly poorly for their shareholders in1999, says Scott Klinger, author of this report by a Boston-based Organization United for a Fair Econ

28、omy. If an investor had put $10,000 apiece at the end of 1999 into the stock of those companies with the 10 highest-paid CEOs, by year-end 2000 the investment would have shrunk to $8,132. If $10,000 had been put into the Standard they are dying of starvation instead.Ive come to the conclusion that t

29、he people who are trying to save the world are probably quite sincere about it but they dont know much about science and certainly nothing about systems engineering.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the author. Which of the following evidence proves that human beings arent responsible for the disappearance

30、 of some other animal species? A. Human beings have hastened the disappearance of some. B. There was mass extinction long before humanitys time on Earth. C. Human beings activities have had great impact on the earth. D. Many species have extinct since the human race came into being.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.

31、(2).Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “made a dent in their numbers“ (Sentence 2, Pare. 2)? A. Made a small hollow place in the surface. B. Made up our mind to perish them. C. Made up for the decreased numbers. D. Made their numbers decrease.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Why does the

32、 famine in the western Sahara and the Sahel regions of Africa take place this year? A. People are dying of cancer caused by sprayed insecticide. B. The insecticide has little effect on the hoppers and locusts. C. The number of the hoppers and locusts are too large to control. D. The U.N. forbad the

33、regions to use sprayed insecticide.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).It can be inferred that the author _. A. is a radical environmentalist B. is an environmental pessimist C. is trying to save the world sincerely D. knows something about systems engineering（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the eyes of the author, environ

34、mentalists, are _. A. sincere B. arrogant C. empty-headed D. noble-minded（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、B第三篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Continue to Protect or Destroy EcosystemBiosphere was a spectacular failure. The gleaming glass-and-concrete habitat sprawling across the desert in Oracle, Arizona, was supposed to suppo

35、rt eight human “biospherians“ for two years. But the seal has to be broken before the experiment ended in 1993. Oxygen had fallen to levels normally seen at an elevation of 17,500 feet. Nitrous oxide had risen to the point where it threatened to cause brain damage. The fresh water supply became cont

36、aminated, and vines smothered (厚厚地覆盖) food plants. Insect pollinators (传授花粉的生物) and many other species became extinct. By the end, Biosphere was overrun with swarms of ants and cockroaches.Scientists who gathered recently to review the Biosphere experiment reached a disturbing conclusion: “No one ye

37、t knows how to engineer systems that provide humans with the life-supporting services that natural ecosystems produce for free.“The problem is that these ecosystems are undergoing wrenching changes. Water and air quality, while improving in some regions, are deteriorating in many others. Carbon diox

38、ide levels in the atmosphere are climbing. The worlds population could reach 10 billion by 2050. And famed Harvard biologist Edward O. Wilson says the current rate of species losses puts us “in the midst of one of the great extinction spasms (突然进发) of geological history.“ All of which makes many eco

39、logists wonder whether humans too will soon become extinct. Its an incredibly important but incredibly difficult question. If we continue on this course, were heading for a world in which we will have to engineer services weve always received for free from nature. Thats why the failure of Biosphere

40、was so disturbing: it proves that we dont yet know how to do that.The Biosphere experience demonstrated that maintaining human life is a tricky proposition-especially if we can no longer rely on the services provided by natural ecosystems. If we are currently living through a mass extinction, as Wil

41、son believes, we should consider the past. In the great Permian extinction 245 million years age, 96 percent of species perished. Eventually, the Earth was repopulated with a rich collection of new species, but it took 100 million years. “That should give pause to anyone who believes that what Homo

42、sapiens (现代人) destroys, nature will redeem,“ Wilson says. “Maybe so, but not within any length of time that has meaning for contemporary humanity.“（分数：15.00）(1).The seal of the Biosphere had to be broken before the experiment ended because A. the bad climate of the desert made the human biospherians

43、 ill B. the poisonous air caused brain damage of the human biospherians C. the ecosystems in it became so bad that the human biospherians cant live D. the human biospherians were defeated by swarms of ants and cockroaches（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the purpose of the experiment mentioned in this pa

44、ssage? A. To propose measures to hold back environmental deteriorating. B. To predict environmental deteriorating that can cause vast destruction. C. To limit the destruction that environmental deteriorating may cause D. To see if humans can engineer systems providing life-supporting services.（分数：3.

45、00）A.B.C.D.(3).It is implied that many ecologists _. A. believe the worlds ecosystems is in an undesirable condition B. agree that the environment of the world is not as bad as it is thought to be C. appear somewhat unconcerned about the state of the worlds environment D. have thorough and comprehen

46、sive knowledge of the worlds environment（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Edward O. Wilson believes that the mass extinction happened in the past _. A. is good news for humans B. is bad news for humans C. promoted the development of humans D. blocked the development of humans（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The message the

47、author wishes to convey in the passage is that _. A. humans will become extinct if continue to destroy the nature B. man has to limit his activities to slow down environmental pollution C. human will continue to develop in spite of the changes of nature D. maintaining human life is a tough question but still can he solved（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.八、B第 5部分：补全短文/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Every Dog Has Its SayKimiko Fukuda, a Japanese girl, always wondered what her dog was trying to say. Whenever she put on makeup, it would pull at her sleeve. U U 1 /