职称英语理工类C级-46及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语理工类 C级-46 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Rumors began to Ucirculate/U about his financial problems. A. send B. hear C. confirm D. spread（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The contract between the two companies will Uexpire/U soon. A. shorten B. end C. start D. resume（分数：1.00）A.B.C.

2、D.3.Come out, or Ill Ubust/U the door down. A. shut B. break C. set D. beat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Every week the magazine presents the Uprofile/U of a well-known sports personality. A. description B. success C. evidence D. plan（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.As a politician, he knows how to Umanipulate/U public opin

3、ion. A. express B. divide C. influence D. voice（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Newborn babies can Udiscriminate/U between a mans and a womans voice. A. treat B. express C. distinguish D. analyze（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Nothing would Uinduce/U me to vote for him again. A. teach B. help C. attract D. discourage（分数：1.00）

4、A.B.C.D.8.He paused, waiting for her to Udigest/U the information. A. withhold B. exchange C. understand D. contact（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Make sure the table is securely Uanchored/U. A. repaired B. cleared C. booked D. fixed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.There was something Upeculiar/U in the way he smiles. A. dif

5、ferent B. strange C. wrong D. funny（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.These animals Umigrate/U south annually in search of food. A. explore B. inhabit C. prefer D. travel（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.She moves from one Uexotic/U location to another. A. unusual B. familiar C. similar D. proper（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.The police w

6、ill need to keep a Uwary/U eye on this area of town. A. naked B. blind C. cautious D. private（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The photographs Uevoked/U strong memories of our holiday in France. A. stored B. blocked C. erased D. refreshed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The rules are too Urigid/U to allow for human error. A.

7、general B. inflexible C. complex D. direct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Green Roof ResearchThe concept of green roofs is basically about growing plants on roofs, thus helping to replace the green footprint that had been destroyed due to the construction of the building. Green roofs

8、are the most prevalent (流行) in Germany, which is widely regarded as the leader in green roof research.The green roofs that are used these days can be classified as “extensive“ and “intensive“ systems. Extensive green roofs use mosses, grasses and herbs, which are tolerant to droughts. These plants d

9、o not need much maintenance, can be grown in a layer of substrate (土层) that can be as shallow as 1.5 inches, and generally are inaccessible to the public. In contrast, a wide range of species of plants are grown on intensive green roofs, such as shrubs (灌木) and even trees, which require deeper subst

10、rate layers, and are usually grown on flat roofs. They need intensive maintenance, and are usually areas that resemble parks which are accessible to people.There are several benefits of adopting green roof technologies. Apart from the obvious psychological and aesthetic (审美学的) benefits of gardenlike

11、 environments surrounding you, some of the common economic and ecological benefits are: a reduction in the consumption of energy; air and water purification; recovering green spaces; and the mitigation (缓解) of the heat island effect in urban areas.The green roof research that is currently ongoing is

12、 focused on evaluating the species of plants that are suitable to be grown on roofs, the methods of propagation (繁殖) as well as establishment, nutrient (养料) and water requirement, substrates, and the quantity and quality of water runoff. The evaluation criteria of plant species are: at what rate the

13、y can be established their capacity to withstand invasive weeds; tolerance of cold and heat; tolerance of drought conditions; capacity of persistence and survival.A number of experiments are being conducted on roof platform simulations at various research centers. These sites are generally outfitted

14、 with equipment, which are used to measure temperatures at different depths of the growing substrates, and the rate and volume of the runoff of stormwaters from each of the platforms.Green roof technology is representative of a completely new market for landscape contractors, and all roofs that curr

15、ently exist and the future ones to be constructed are the potential marketa market that is too huge to be overlooked.（分数：7.00）(1).It is estimated that around 10 percent of the flat roofs in Germany are green. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).German people prefer extensive green

16、 roof systems to intensive ones A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Small plants like grasses and herbs are grown widely on intensive green roofs. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Green roof is an ecologically sound strategy of spreading green in urban areas.

17、 A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).One of the benefits of green roofs is the reduction of the heat island effect in cities. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).One focus in the green roof research is the evaluation of suitable plant species. A. Right B. Wrong

18、C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).Although green roof technology can create a gardenlike environment, its potential market is rather small. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Science of Sport1. At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese a

19、thlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast.2. Record-breaking in all track events i

20、s slowing clown and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So whats behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is th

21、ere a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds?3. Most experts agree that it isnt the athletes bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessar

22、y skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athletes body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance.4. Scientists have shown t

23、hat an athletes bodys needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂)

24、to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes in techniques have significantly improved performance.5. But in any sport, a players success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope wit

25、h stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (想象) techniques to build confiden

26、ce and this is almost as good as practice.6. But as science begins to dominate sport, are we in danger of losing sight of the heart of the competition, the sporting challenge? Whats more, are all these advantages fair?（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _. A. Different sports require different training program

27、s B. Science may be too important today C. Sports equipment has been improved a lot D. Athletes are still breaking records E. Sport science helps improve athletes performances F. Mental training is as important as physical training（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（

28、分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).It is more difficult for todays athletes _. A. to avoid psychological techniques B. to break records C. to better understand the athletes body and mind D. to time and space E. to be replacing the sporting challenge F. to human performance（分数：1.00）

29、填空项 1:_(6).We dont know if there is a limit _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Research has helped coaches _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Scientific advances are suspected _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Genetically Modified FoodsIf you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner par

30、ty, bring up the topic of genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, healthy, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long a grain traditions-and vocal green lobbiesthe idea seems

31、against nature.In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much apart of out lives. A third of the cornand more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the U.S. last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetica

32、lly modified crops will be planted in the U.S. this year. The genetic genie (妖怪) is out of the bottle.Yet there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved. Like any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy count

33、ries, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from. and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations, the issue is simpler and much more urgent: Do the benefits of biotech ou

34、tweigh the risks?The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the worlds population reached 6 billion. The U.N. estimates that nearly 800 million people around the world are undernourished. The effects are devastating. About 400 million women of child-bearing age are iron

35、 deficient, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defects. As many as 100 million children suffer from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.How can biotech help? Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice that is fortified with beta-carotene-which the bod

36、y converts into vitamin A and additional iron, and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to pests, drought, poor soil and crop viruses, bacteria or fungi.（分数

37、15.00）(1).Whats the passage mainly about? _ A. The worlds food problems. B. The new advancement in biotech. C. The characteristics of genetically modified foods. D. How biotech can help solve the worlds food problems.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, genetically modified foods. A. are

38、superior to naturally grown foods B. might prove to be risky to human health C. are going to replace naturally grown foods D. can solve the food problems in developing countries（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.“ in Para. 2 probably means _. A. the genetic gen

39、ie, the key technology in producing genetically modified foods, is out in the market B. the genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets C. genetically modified foods are available everywhere D. technology with which to produce genetically modified foods may have powers unpredictable

40、 or uncontrollable by man（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, biotech can help solve the problem by _. A. producing foods that contain more nutrients needed by human beings B. creating more varieties of foods C. producing beta-carotene and vitamin A more efficiently D. producing anti-virus

41、 crops（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The authors attitude toward genetically modified foods is _. A. enthusiastic B. cautious C. disapproving D. optimistic（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The function of AdvertsMost people would probity agree that many individual consumer adverts function on the level

42、 of the daydream. By picturing quite unusually happy and glamorous people whose success in either career or sexual terms, or both, is obvious, adverts construct an imaginary world in which the reader is able to make come true those desires which remain unsatisfied in his or her everyday life.An adve

43、rt for a science fiction magazine is unusually explicit about this. In addition to the primary use value of the magazine, the reader is promised access to a wonderful universe through the product-access to other mysterious and tantalizing worlds and epochs, the realms of the imagination. When studyi

44、ng advertising, it is therefore unreasonable to expect readers to decipher adverts as factual statements about reality. Most adverts are just too meager in informative content and too rich in emotional suggestive detail to be read literally. If people read them literally, they would soon be forced t

45、o realize their error when the glamorous promises held out by the adverts didnt materialize.The average consumer is not surprised that his purchase of the commodity does not redeem the promise of the advertisement, for this is what he is used to in life: the individuals pursuit of happiness and succ

46、ess is usually in vain. But the fantasy is his to keep; in his dream world he enjoys a “future endlessly deferred“.The Estivalia advert company is quite explicit about the fact that advertising shows us not reality, but a fantasy; it does so by openly admitting the daydream but in a way which insist

47、s on the existence of a bridge linking daydream to reality-Estivalia, which is “for daydream believers“, those who refuse to give up trying to make the hazy ideal of natural beauty and harmony come true.If adverts function on the daydream level, it clearly becomes inadequate to merely condemn advert

48、ising for channeling readers attention and desires towards unrealistic, paradisiacal(天堂似的)nowhere land. Advertising certainly does that, but in order for people to find it relevant, the Utopia(乌托邦)visualized in adverts must be linked to our surrounding reality by a causal connection.（分数：15.00）(1).The people