职称英语综合类A级-21及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语综合类 A级-21 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow. A. ridiculous B. funny C. odd D. foolish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.She stood there trembling with fear. A. jumping B. crying C. swaying D. shaking（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The dentis

2、t has decided to extract her bad tooth. A. take out B. repair C. push in D. dig（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Its prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first. A. workable B. sensible C. possible D. feasible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Mary looked pale and weary. A. gloomy B. ugly C. silly D. exhausted（分数：1.0

3、0）A.B.C.D.6.A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week. A. tactically B. considerably C. remarkably D. completely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Mary has blended the ingredients. A. mixed B. made C. cooked D. eaten（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.He is renowned for his skill. A. remembered B.

4、 recommended C. praised D. well-known（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water. A. muddled B. polluted C. mixed D. troubled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The room is dim and quiet. A. tiny B. pleasant C. dark D. agreeable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.They agreed to modify their

5、policy. A. clarify B. change C. define D. develop（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The index is the governments chief gauge of future economic activity. A. measure B. opinion C. evaluation D. decision（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position. A. maintain B. establish C. acqui

6、re D. support（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Medical facilities are being upgraded. A. renewed B. repaired C. improved D. increased（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. A. play B. send C. show D. tell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)HerculesOnce upon a ti

7、me there was a great Greek hero, Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow. He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him o

8、n difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens. But no one knew where the garden was.So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and the next day and the next. He walked for months before he saw mountai

9、ns far in the distance one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head. He was holding up the sky. Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God. So he asked him for help.Atlas answered, “My head and arms and shoulders

10、 all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?“Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew very heavy. When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, “Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. Im going to see the K

11、ing with the apples. “ Hercules knew that he couldnt fight him because of the sky on his back. So he shouted.“Just one minutes help. My shoulders are hurting. Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion for my shoulders.“Atlas believed him. He threw down the apples and held up the sky.Hercules

12、picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.（分数：7.00）(1).Hercules was the tallest man in the world.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Hercules worked in the kings garden.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid

13、of him.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Atlas was the giant who held up the sky.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Atlas ran faster than Hercules.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because he wanted to be the king himself.（分数：1.00）A.Rig

14、htB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)The Making of a Success Story1 IKEA is the worlds largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the worlds mos

15、t successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money as a reward for his good grades. Naturall

16、y he used it to start up a business IKEA.2 IKEAs name comes from Kamprads initials (I.K.) and the place where he grew up (“E“ and “A“). Today 1KEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. K

17、amprads wares included anything that he could sell for profits at discounted prices, including watches, pens and stockings.3 IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprads home. Initial sales were very

18、 encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951.4 In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Ahnhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture in attractive setting

19、s, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from catalogues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelming: people loved being able to seeand try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture.5

20、In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The mart had given him a great idea: flat packaging. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that peop

21、le had to assemble furniture themselves, but over time, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion.6 Today there are over 200 stores i

22、n 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has managed to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the worlds richest man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing.A Ingvar Kamprad-a born busines

23、smanB Success brought by the introduction of showroomsC The origin of IKEAD Specialization in selling furnitureE Flat packaging a feature of IKEAF World-wide expansion of IKEA（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _

24、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A IKEA began as a small store selling all kinds of cheap thingsB it is highly welcomed by bothC Ingvar Kamprad showed interest and talent for doing businessD he lives happily in retirementE here they can see and try the furniture they are going to buyF Ingvar successfully manages the

25、 company all by himself（分数：4.00）(1).Even when he was only a child, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2)._, and years later became a big company specialized in manufacturing and selling of furniture.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Customers liked the idea of IKEAs showrooms because _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).As flat packaging saves

26、 money for both IKEA and the customers, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Marvelous MetamaterialsInvisibility cloaks would have remained impossible, forever locked in science fiction, had it not been for the development of metamaterials. In Greek, “meta“ means beyond,

27、 and metamaterials can do things beyond what we see in the natural world-like shuffle light waves around an object, and then bring them back together. If scientists ever manage to build a full-fledged invisibility cloak, it will probably be made of metamaterials.“We are creating materials that dont

28、exist in nature, and that have a physical phenomenon that doesnt exist in nature,“ says engineer Dentcho Genov. “That is the most exciting thing.“ Genov designs and builds metamaterials such as those used in cloaking at Louisiana Tech University in Ruston, Louisiana.An invisibility cloak will probab

29、ly not be the first major accomplishment to come from the field of metamaterials. Other applications are just as exciting. In many labs, for example, scientists are working on building a hyperlens. A lens is a device, usually made of glass that can change the direction of light waves. Lenses are use

30、d in microscopes and cameras to focus light, thus allowing a researcher to see small things or a photographer to capture image of things that are far away.A hyperlens, however, would be made of metamaterials. And since metamaterials can do things with light that ordinary materials cant, the hyperlen

31、s would be a powerful too 1. A hyperlens would allow researchers to see things at the smallest scale imaginable, as small as the wavelength of visible light.Genov points out that the science of metamaterials is driven by the imagination. If someone can think of an idea for a new behavior for fight,

32、then the engineers can find a way to design a device using metamaterials. “We need people who can imagine,“ he says.Since 2006, many laboratories have been exploring other kinds of metamaterials that dont involve just visible light. In fact, scientists are finding that almost any kind of wave may re

33、spond to metamaterials.At the Polytechnic University of Valencia in Spain, Jose Sanchez-Dehesa is working with acoustics, or the science of sound. Just as an invisibility cloak shuffles waves of light, an “acoustic“ cloak would shuffle waves of sound in a way thats not found in nature. In an orchest

34、ra hall, for example, an acoustic cloak could redirect the sound waves so someone sitting behind a column would hear the same concert as the rest of the audience without distortion.Sanchez-Dehesa, an engineer, recently showed that its possible to build such an acoustic cloak, though he doubts well s

35、ee one any time soon. “In principle, it is possible,“ he says, “but it might be impossible to make one.“ he adds.Other scientists are looking into ways to use larger metamaterials as shields around islands or oil rigs as protection from tsunamis. A tsunami is a giant destructive wave. The metamateri

36、al would redirect the tsunami around the rig or island, and the wave would resume its energy on the other side without causing any harm.（分数：15.00）(1).What is true for metamaterials ?（分数：3.00）A.They will always remain in science fiction.B.They are already a reality.C.They are nonexistent in nature.D.

37、Scientists begin to use them to build invisible cloaks.(2).A hyperlens is a more powerful tool than a traditional lens _.（分数：3.00）A.as it can allow scientists to see small things.B.as it can help photographers to capture images far away.C.even if it is made of ordinary materials.D.as it can help sci

38、entists to see even the wavelengths of visible light.(3).Scientists at the Polytechnic University of Valencia try to invent _.（分数：3.00）A.an acoustic cloak that can shuffle waves of light.B.an invisible cloak that can shuffle waves of sound.C.an acoustic cloak that can shuffle waves of sound.D.a cloa

39、k that is made of materials found in natur(4).According to Sdnchez Dehesa, _.（分数：3.00）A.it is of great possibility to build an acoustic cloak soon.B.it is possible to build an acoustic cloak in theory but far from reality.C.it is totally impossible to build an acoustic cloak.D.it is theoretically im

40、practical to build an acoustic cloak.(5).What ways are some scientists looking into to protect the island and oil rig from tsunamis?（分数：3.00）A.Surround them with metamaterials as protective shields.B.Stopping the tsunami with metamaterials hours before it reaches them.C.Building them with larger met

41、amaterials to keep away tsunamis.D.Using the equipment made of metamaterials to forecast arrival of a tsunam六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Who Wants to Live Forever?If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you live a healthy life for twice as long, would you take it?The good news is that we may be

42、drawing near to that date. Scientists have already extended the lives of flies, worms and mice in laboratories. Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human life to at least 140 years.This seems a great idea. Think of how much more time we could spend chasing our

43、 dreams, spending time with our loved ones, watching our families grow and have families of their own.“Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking,“ says Dr. Gregory Stock of the University of California School of Public Health. “It would also raise

44、 productivity by adding to the year we can work.“Longer lives dont just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. “We have war, poverty, all sorts of issues around, and I dont think any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer,“ says US bioethicist Dani

45、el Callahan. “The question is What will we get as a society? I suspect it wont be a better society.“It would certainly be a very different society. People are already finding it more difficult to stay married. Divorce rates are rising. What would happen to marriage in a society where people lived fo

46、r 140 years? And what would happen to family life if nine or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time?Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-old parents, or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart.

47、 We think of an elder sibling as someone, who can protect us and offer help and advice. That would be hard to do if that sibling came from a completely different generation.Working life would also be affected, especially if the retirement age was lifted. More people would stay in work for longer. Th

48、at would give us the benefits of age, skill, wisdom and good judgment.On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career

49、 progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140. It may be that such a society would place less importance on guiding and educating young people, and more on making life c