专业八级-204及答案解析.doc

1、专业八级-204 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)The Fall of World Trade Centre. Flashback of the disaster A. The twin towers of the World Trade Center collapsed B. A relative success in terms of 1 - the buildings performed “magnificently

2、“ - the towers stayed standing for about 2 each . An extraordinary design A. 3 skyscrapers - 4 throughout a building - diagonal beams as their means of support B. twin towers - designed and built with special attention to 5 - 6 hurricane-force winds of up to 200 mph - sway up to several feet 7 - the

3、 secret of its build-up: 8 - supporting steel column - majority of the beams framed the outside wallsa solid “ 9 “ design - smaller group of steel beams shot 10 of the buildings and bore 11 of supporting the towers . The fundamental cause of its collapse: 12 A. the high temperature failed 13 and wea

4、kened the insulation around the steel B. the heat 14 C. top-floor fell and hence the demolition . Collapse: a controlled demolition, like a 15 （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：2

5、0.00）A.Quick recovery.B.Strength.C.Harmony.D.Economy.A.Yin.B.Yang.C.Qi.D.None.A.Chinese medicine allows to treat fully manifest diseases.B.Chinese medicine assists in maintaining health.C.Chinese medicine assists in preventing illness from occurring.D.A,B and C.A.Herbal medicine.B.Acupuncture.C.Mass

6、age.D.Injection.A.Because it is the first treatment introduced into Australia.B.Because it is the most effective treatment.C.Because it is the only treatment allowed in Australia.D.Because it is the cheapest treatment in Australia.（分数：20.00）A.Plants.B.Minerals.C.Animals.D.Metal substances.A.Approval

7、.B.Dislike.C.Indifference.D.Detestation.A.It can be effective within a very short period of time.B.It complements the weaknesses of Western medicine.C.Its effect can last for a very long period of time.D.It has got no side effect at all.A.There has been a steady growth.B.All universities begin to of

8、fer degree courses in Chinese medicine.C.Many people have found help and relief with traditional Chinese medicine.D.There will be a great potential for future development.A.Patients“ practice.B.Advice from experts.C.Recognition by government.D.Suggestions from hospital.专业八级-204 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：9

9、0 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)The Fall of World Trade Centre. Flashback of the disaster A. The twin towers of the World Trade Center collapsed B. A relative success in terms of 1 - the buildings performed “magnificently“ - the towers stayed standing

10、for about 2 each . An extraordinary design A. 3 skyscrapers - 4 throughout a building - diagonal beams as their means of support B. twin towers - designed and built with special attention to 5 - 6 hurricane-force winds of up to 200 mph - sway up to several feet 7 - the secret of its build-up: 8 - su

11、pporting steel column - majority of the beams framed the outside wallsa solid “ 9 “ design - smaller group of steel beams shot 10 of the buildings and bore 11 of supporting the towers . The fundamental cause of its collapse: 12 A. the high temperature failed 13 and weakened the insulation around the

12、 steel B. the heat 14 C. top-floor fell and hence the demolition . Collapse: a controlled demolition, like a 15 （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：architectural strength）解析： architectural strength 听力原文 The Fall of World Trade CentreWell, my topic today is Architecture, and to be specific, what I am going to ta

13、lk about is World Trade Centrethe skyscrapers. After watching the twin towers of the World Trade Center collapse, twice reducing 110 stories to five in less than a minute, it“s hard to see how the buildings could have ever been considered safe. It“s even harder to see how engineers can look at the e

14、vents of September 11, 2001, as a relative success in terms of architectural strength. Consider this: the rubble at the site weighed a million tons. The site spanned a vast 16 acres. The nonstop cleanup, conducted day and night, still took the better part of a year. Even if the greatest lossso many

15、human livesis excluded, there“s no arguing: this was, in all senses, an enormous disaster. And yet, for all the destructionand for all the disbelief. Americans felt as they watched the towers collapseengineers unanimously say that the buildings performed “magnificently“ after terrorists crashed a pl

16、ane into the side of each. Because the towers stayed standing for about an hour each, they gave rescue workers enough time to get tens of thousands of people out. The towers owed their resilience largely to their architect, Minoru Yamasaki and structural engineer Leslie Robertson. The men“s original

17、 design enabled the buildings to withstand the impact of the planes, only after jet-fuel fires weakened their steel beams. Constructed with cheaper methods, many other buildings would have collapsed immediately. Today“s most common skyscraper design places vertical support beams throughout a buildin

18、g. Others have diagonal beams as their means of support. But the World Trade Center was built before those were the standards. Raised in the 1960“s, the glass-and-steel towers were designed and built with innovation and special attention to safety and stability because of their extreme height. Engin

19、eers wanted to make sure the towers could withstand hurricane- force winds of up to 200 mphon an especially windy day, the towers could sway up to several feet in either direction. With memories of a 1945 plane crash into the Empire State Building lurking in their minds, engineers and architects als

20、o designed the towers to withstand the force of a Boeing 707. There are several reasons to make the tower magnificent. Firstly, the engineers agreed that the secret to ensuring the buildings would stand tall under extreme circumstances rested in their supporting steel columns, which were set up diff

21、erently from most skyscrapers“. Secondly, the majority of the beams framed the outside walls of the towers: 61 beams per 211-foot side provided maximum reinforcement. Engineers often refer to this as a solid “steel tube“ design, and rightly so compared to most buildings, which may have vertical supp

22、ort columns spaced as far as 20 feet apart. Thirdly, the outer columns helped the buildings withstand a huge wind load, but another smaller group of steel beams shot through the centers of the buildings and bore the main load of supporting the towers. This “core“, which housed elevator shafts and st

23、airwells, was connected to the outer steel columns by still more steel running through each concrete floor. The “double support“ may have been what ultimately kept the buildings standing for so long. What actually caused the twin towers to fall? All the same, no amount of reinforcement could have pr

24、evented the towers“ eventual collapse. Immediately after September 11, most engineers thought the fires, and not the planes“ impacts, were to blame. That theory has generally held up. A federal investigation was inconclusive, but it did conform with engineers“ suspicions. The steel columns didn“t ac

25、tually melt. But as the fires inside the buildings consumed more and more jet fuelabout 24,000 gallons of itthey overwhelmed the buildings“ sprinkler systems, started to weaken the concrete insulation around the steel, and then deliberated the steel itself. Most of the fluffy fireproofing material o

26、n the towers“ steel columns was blasted off by the plane crashes. With flames reaching temperatures of 1,500 degrees Fahrenheit and higher, the steel columns started to warp, and the top floors buckled. From then on, the towers had no more chance of standing than a building targeted for demolition.

27、Their collapse was the first known instance of steel buildings collapsing because of fire alone. In fact, the collapse played out just like a controlled demolition. To destroy a building, experts usually place explosives not just on the lowest three floors, but also on higher floors. With the top fl

28、oors exploding, demolition experts can create what they call a “pancake effect“, which you might realize is the same as a downward domino-effect. Unlike dominos, of course, the towers fell straight down rather than sideways. But their downfall was caused by the same forces that knock a line of domin

29、os on their faces: Floors on the top gave in, crashing through the floors below them. As each concrete floor fell, it added force to the collapsemaking it harder for each floor to hold up against the increasing pressure. Once the top floors gave way, the rest of the catastrophe was inevitable. To be

30、 exact, many lives lost, but many saved. If the towers were never going to stay standing, why all the extra support? Was it futile after all? Suppose for a minute that the towers hadn“t been built with all that reinforcementthat they“d collapsed a few minutes after being struck. The rubble at the si

31、de still would weigh a million tons. The site still would have taken as long. But how many more people would have died? It“s a figure no one wants to calculate. Thankfully, because a team of engineers and architects made the Trade Center as safe as it could possibly be. To sum up, I first recalled t

32、he disastrous episode of the fall of the World Trade Centre, then I explained how extraordinary the design is. After that, I summarized the reasons of its catastrophic collapse. That“s it for today. 解析 细节题。讲座中提到：It“s even harder to see how engineers can look at the events of September 11, 2001, as a

33、 relative success in terms of architectural strength. 即在工程师们看来，世贸双塔楼的倒塌过程还是反映了该楼较为成功的建筑强度。因此答案为 architectural strength。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：an hour）解析： an hour解析 细节题。讲座中提到：the towers stayed standing for about an hour each正因为世贸双塔屹立了一个小时左右，才为营救更多的人员赢得了宝贵的时间。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：today“s/today“s commo）解析： today“s/t

34、oday“s common解析 归总题。从填空题的布局可以看出，这是个要点，尔后罗列几个特点，而这几个特点正是现代普通摩天楼的设计理念，由此可以归纳出答案。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：vertical support beams）解析： vertical support beams解析 细节题。讲座原文提到现代大多数普通摩天楼的设计：Today“s most common skyscraper design places vertical support beams throughout a building. 即整楼布满了纵向的支撑梁，因此答案是 vertical support beam

35、s。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：safety and stability）解析： safety and stability解析 细节题。讲座中明确提到：Raised in the 1960“s, the glass-and-steel towers were designed and built with innovation and special attention to safety and stability because of their extreme height. 即二十世纪六十年代建造的世贸双塔，设计者因其高耸入云的高度对安全和稳定性给予特别关注。因此答案是 safety

36、 and stability。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：withstand/sustain/endure）解析： withstand/sustain/endure解析 细节题。既然摩天楼是一个创举，那么它肯定有极强的抗风险能力。回到讲座中，也可以找到需要的内容：Engineers wanted to make sure the towers could withstand hurricane-force winds of up to 200 mphon an especially windy day. 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：in either directio）解析： in eith

37、er direction解析 细节题。讲座中提到工程师希望确定世贸双塔楼能够经受飓风强度的风力且摩天楼在任何一个方向都能够承受高达几英尺的倾斜：Engineers wanted to make sure the towers could withstand hurricane.the towers could sway up to several feet in either direction. 因此答案是 in either direction。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：double support）解析： double support解析 归总题。本题显然要求填入要点。讲座里提到整座

38、摩天楼构造的神秘之处，到最后才总结出：The “double support“ may have been what ultimately kept the buildings standing for so long. 因此答案是 double support，双重支撑。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：steel tube）解析： steel tube解析 细节题。讲座中说道：Engineers often refer to this as a solid “steel tube“ design. 记笔记的时候需要记下关键词 steel tube。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：the thro

39、ugh centers）解析： the through centers解析 细节题。讲座提到：.but another smaller group of steel beams shot through the centers of the buildings and bore the main load of supporting the towers. 因此为了承重，建筑物中还有钢筋穿透中心位置，所以答案为 the through centers。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：the main load）解析： the main load 解析 细节题。根据讲座原文“.and bore t

40、he main load of supporting the towers. ”可以直接得出答案为 the main load。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：fires）解析： fires解析 归总题。讲座里提到：Immediately after September 11, most engineers thought the fires, and not the planes“ impacts, were to blame. 从这句话可以归纳出真正的罪魁祸首是火。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：the sprinkler system）解析： the sprinkler system解析 细

41、节题。根据讲座原文“But as the fires inside the buildings consumed more and more jet fuelabout 24,000 gallons of itthey overwhelmed the buildings“ sprinkler systems.”可知大火引起的高温使得建筑物中的自动喷水灭火装置完全失灵，因此答案为 the sprinkler system。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：warped the steel）解析： warped the steel解析 细节题。根据讲座原文“With flames reaching t

42、emperatures of 1,500 degrees Fahrenheit and higher, the steel columns started to warp, and the top floors buckled. ”可知最后高温使得钢柱变弯了，顶层就开始变形，因此答案为 warped the steel。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：downward domino-effect）解析： downward domino-effect解析 归总题。讲座中说道：.demolition experts can create what they call a “pancake effec

43、t“, which you might realize is the same as a downward domino-effect. 即爆破专家称这样的爆破为甜饼式反应，和向下的多米诺式坍塌属同一种类型。这里的downward和 domino-effect都是关键词，总结了双塔楼坍塌的状况，在听讲座的同时可以在相应空格中记下这些关键词。 三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.Quick recovery.B.Strength.C.Harmony. D.Economy.解析：听力原文 I: Good morning, listene

44、rs. As we all know, China has had an organized society of people being able to read and write for over 5,000 years. What we don“t sometimes appreciate is the fact that they have had their fair share of inquiring scientific minds at work all this time. This has resulted in a well-recorded archive of

45、Chinese medical knowledge that has grown and developed into the world“s most advanced system of natural medicine. Today, we are honored to have Professor Wang from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine to share with US his understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and its effect in

46、 Australia. Well, Professor Wang. W: Thank you. Actually I feel privileged to have this opportunity to meet you all. I: To begin with, what is the essence of traditional Chinese medicine? W: Harmony. Traditional Chinese medicine says that good health is associated with the balance of qi, which is an

47、 energy force that flows through the body. Qi can be hindered or helped by yin and yangopposing forces that, when balanced, work harmoniously together. Over the centuries, traditional Chinese medicine has evolved complex methods of diagnosis and treatments tailored to the individual“s subtle pattern

48、s of disharmony. This allows it not only to treat fully manifest diseases, but also to assist in maintaining health and balance to prevent illnesses from occurring. I: Then how is a patient treated when disharmony occurs? W: Chinese herbalists have discovered how to combine herbs so that the beneficial effects are maximized and t