专业八级-253及答案解析.doc

1、专业八级-253 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：11.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section you will hear a mini4ecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task

2、after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. ANSWER SHEET ONEComplete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a

3、maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically The people felt helpless as they watched Mother Nature show her power.Susan returned to her sixth-grade-student-teaching experience the following Monday. She told the story to her students and showed them pictures

4、from the newspaper. Her inspired and compassionate students took action. They stopped raising money for their trip to Camp, Kern and began raising money for the flood victims. They sold lollipops, wrote letters to the community asking for donations and collected their own money. Even fast-graders do

5、nated money. Mountains of clothes, furniture and food piled up. Susans class made Easter baskets from shoe-boxes and filled them with candy and toys as well as toothpaste, soap, toothbrushes and shampoo.She and I loaded her moms black Chevy Beretta to the ceiling with the Easter baskets. On the trip

6、 there, I wondered what I would see; I couldnt imagine losing almost everything. Dusk was beginning to set in, and I felt nervous when we arrived. My stomach dropped when I saw some houses reduced to the railroad ties that had been their foundation. The smell of river water permeated the air. No car

7、pet, furniture, plumbing or appliances remained. Knowing that only days ago this had been someones home pained my heart. How many children had grown up here? What kind of memories lingered? Would the house ever be rebuilt? The monster flood had dulled its roar and retreated, but its impact would be

8、long-lasting.We drove from house to house, knocking on doors, ready to begin our mission. I was filled with trepidation. Would families who had been devastated by floodwater want an Easter basket? The gesture was beginning to seem useless. “Hello, Im Susan Moore, and this is my friend, Allison. My s

9、ixth-graders at Pennyroyal Elementary made Easter baskets for you when they heard about the flooding because they wanted to help.“Their faces lit up as they opened their gifts. As we entered one home, a husband and wife were crouched over their floor with hammer and nails. When be opened the box, he

10、 began to cry. “I cant believe those kids did this. Let me give you some money for their school.“ As I glanced at what was left of his home, I could not believe his generous spirit. He eventually conceded to write a thank-you note instead. One woman ran out to find us after opening her box, tears ro

11、iling down her face. “I collected .bunny rabbits, and I lost them all in the flood. There was a small pink rabbit in my box. I can start my collection again. Thank you.“ The burly man standing next to her also had tears in his eyes.My heart was warmed as I played the small role of messenger in this

12、tribute to the good in the human spirit. So often we hear of the shortcomings of our youth, but these youngsters answered a cry for help and gave proof that generosity and love prevail.（分数：5.00）(1).In the passage, Mother Nature showed her power in all of the following ways EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.evacuatin

13、g people to higher ground.B.sweeping different kinds of animals away.C.carrying cars and trucks miles away.D.immersing buildings in the low-lying areas in water.(2).Susans students sold lollipops, asked the community for donations and collected their own money to（分数：1.00）A.raise money for their trip

14、 to Camp Kern.B.make Easter baskets for the holiday.C.raise money for the victims in the flood.D.buy clothes, furniture and food for the school.(3).Which of the following words best describes what the author saw when they arrived in Jackson?（分数：1.00）A.Peaceful.B.Devastated.C.Placid.D.Prosperous.(4).

15、The word “trepidation“ in the fourth paragraph means（分数：1.00）A.excitement.B.agitation.C.annoyance.D.uneasiness.(5).When the author said “I played the small role of messenger“ in the last paragraph, he meant（分数：1.00）A.he was working as a mailman.B.he helped deliver the Easter baskets.C.he delivered w

16、ritten messages to the youth.D.he helped collect money for the school.1.BTEXT B/BWhen the Dow rockets 300 points or the stocks of retailers, say, get decimated, I devour the news. Heres my admission: Im a buy-and-hold investor, and a lazy one at that. My employer prohibits us news folks to trade equ

17、ities on a short-term basis, but even if it didnt, Id still buy and hold.The bulk of my portfolio is in two retirement accounts, and neither stock-market gyrations nor major financial earthquakes prompt me to tweak my allocations. I simply hold a fairly routine mix of low-cost U.S. and international

18、-stock mutual funds, plus a bond fund, and I stick to it.Sure, the markets get volatile but I figure that, eventually, average historical returns will work in my favor. And, to my mind, stock-market trading, if youre not spending many hours a week working on it, is little more than a guessing game.T

19、he fact is, a buy-and-hold investor with a decently diversified portfolio should celebrate her ability to remain firm in the face of financial-news tidal waves which prompt many, less staunch, to jump in and out of investments, often at the worst possible time.Some might say the staunch investor is

20、akin to a passenger on the Titanic, refusing a lifeboat to safety due to misguided loyalty to the idea of “buy and hold.“ But as long as three prerequisites are satisfied, that investor is among the most prudent savers around: a well-diver- sifted investment plan, invested in low-cost index funds, w

21、ith a long-term outlook.In fact, if youre not going to be an active, pay-attention-every-day investor, setting up a simple plan and then forgetting about it may be the best retirement-savings decision you make. “What is often problematic is the middle ground. People will set something up and then fo

22、llow it intermittently and on a whim make changes,“ says John Nofsinger, associate professor of finance at Washington State University and author of“ The Psychology of Investing.“Those who follow the markets tangentially but dont take time for deeper analysis tend to buy high and sell low. If, like

23、me, youre not going to spend time daily on your plan, then set it and forget it.Note that, unless you have a rock-solid pension plan from your employer and significant other assets, youre going to need to invest. Interest rates on cash simply wont get most savers to a well-funded retirement.What to

24、do?1. Create a plan. That means investing in low-cost index funds covering the U.S. stock market, perhaps 10% to 25% of your portfolio in international stock funds, plus exposure to bonds (a typical scenario is 70% or 80% in stocks and 30% or 20% in bonds), and perhaps some portion in a money-market

25、 or cash-type account. Keep in mind that your focus is not to beat the market.2. Once your plan is in place, ignore it. “I do virtually nothing. I do less than I do for my car. Theres not even a need to change the oil,“ Mr. Statman says. If rebalancing worries you, dont even do that except perhaps o

26、nce every few years. And make sure you focus on getting back to your investment plan, rather than chasing the winners of the moment. “ff the stock market went up that year and maybe bonds didnt, so you take a little out of the stock market and put it in bonds to reallocate to where your targets orig

27、inally were, I think thats a good strategy,“ Mr. Nofsinger says.3. Accept risk. Yes, stock-market investing is risky. But over the long haul, investors are rewardedif they adopt a long-term outlook and diversified investment plan. “Risk is not something you want, but oftentimes risk does go hand in

28、hand with return,“ says Peng Chen, chief investment officer of Ibbotson Associates, an investment research and consulting firm owned by Momingstar in Chicago. Keep in mind: Avoid this risk with money you need soon, say, in the next year or two. And remember that the more you invest in one company, s

29、ector or country, the more risk youre taking on.4. Stay in for the long haul. We have no idea whats coming tomorrow, and past stock-market performance does not predict future results. But what is your alternative? Stick all your cash in a money-market account, a CD or, slightly riskier, bonds? You a

30、re not avoiding risk with this plan, simply shifting to the risk inflation will trump your return.5. Do what you can. The investment options available through your retirement plan may not be ideal. Invest there for the employer match, but ensure diversification through an account outside your employ

31、er plan, perhaps an individual retirement account or Roth IRA._BTEXT B/BWhen the Dow rockets 300 points or the stocks of retailers, say, get decimated, I devour the news. Heres my admission: Im a buy-and-hold investor, and a lazy one at that. My employer prohibits us news folks to trade equities on

32、a short-term basis, but even if it didnt, Id still buy and hold.The bulk of my portfolio is in two retirement accounts, and neither stock-market gyrations nor major financial earthquakes prompt me to tweak my allocations. I simply hold a fairly routine mix of low-cost U.S. and international-stock mu

33、tual funds, plus a bond fund, and I stick to it.Sure, the markets get volatile but I figure that, eventually, average historical returns will work in my favor. And, to my mind, stock-market trading, if youre not spending many hours a week working on it, is little more than a guessing game.The fact i

34、s, a buy-and-hold investor with a decently diversified portfolio should celebrate her ability to remain firm in the face of financial-news tidal waves which prompt many, less staunch, to jump in and out of investments, often at the worst possible time.Some might say the staunch investor is akin to a

35、 passenger on the Titanic, refusing a lifeboat to safety due to misguided loyalty to the idea of “buy and hold.“ But as long as three prerequisites are satisfied, that investor is among the most prudent savers around: a well-diver- sifted investment plan, invested in low-cost index funds, with a lon

36、g-term outlook.In fact, if youre not going to be an active, pay-attention-every-day investor, setting up a simple plan and then forgetting about it may be the best retirement-savings decision you make. “What is often problematic is the middle ground. People will set something up and then follow it i

37、ntermittently and on a whim make changes,“ says John Nofsinger, associate professor of finance at Washington State University and author of“ The Psychology of Investing.“Those who follow the markets tangentially but dont take time for deeper analysis tend to buy high and sell low. If, like me, youre

38、 not going to spend time daily on your plan, then set it and forget it.Note that, unless you have a rock-solid pension plan from your employer and significant other assets, youre going to need to invest. Interest rates on cash simply wont get most savers to a well-funded retirement.What to do?1. Cre

39、ate a plan. That means investing in low-cost index funds covering the U.S. stock market, perhaps 10% to 25% of your portfolio in international stock funds, plus exposure to bonds (a typical scenario is 70% or 80% in stocks and 30% or 20% in bonds), and perhaps some portion in a money-market or cash-

40、type account. Keep in mind that your focus is not to beat the market.2. Once your plan is in place, ignore it. “I do virtually nothing. I do less than I do for my car. Theres not even a need to change the oil,“ Mr. Statman says. If rebalancing worries you, dont even do that except perhaps once every

41、 few years. And make sure you focus on getting back to your investment plan, rather than chasing the winners of the moment. “ff the stock market went up that year and maybe bonds didnt, so you take a little out of the stock market and put it in bonds to reallocate to where your targets originally we

42、re, I think thats a good strategy,“ Mr. Nofsinger says.3. Accept risk. Yes, stock-market investing is risky. But over the long haul, investors are rewardedif they adopt a long-term outlook and diversified investment plan. “Risk is not something you want, but oftentimes risk does go hand in hand with

43、 return,“ says Peng Chen, chief investment officer of Ibbotson Associates, an investment research and consulting firm owned by Momingstar in Chicago. Keep in mind: Avoid this risk with money you need soon, say, in the next year or two. And remember that the more you invest in one company, sector or

44、country, the more risk youre taking on.4. Stay in for the long haul. We have no idea whats coming tomorrow, and past stock-market performance does not predict future results. But what is your alternative? Stick all your cash in a money-market account, a CD or, slightly riskier, bonds? You are not av

45、oiding risk with this plan, simply shifting to the risk inflation will trump your return.5. Do what you can. The investment options available through your retirement plan may not be ideal. Invest there for the employer match, but ensure diversification through an account outside your employer plan,

46、perhaps an individual retirement account or Roth IRA.（分数：5.00）(1).Why does the author choose to be “a buy-and-hold investor“?（分数：1.00）A.Because his employer prohibits him to trade equities on a short-term basis.B.Because he believes that long-term return will balance out short-term fluctuation.C.Bec

47、ause he is misguided by the loyalty to the idea of “buy and hold.“D.Because he is an active investor and keeps an eye on stock markets every day.(2).The word “volatile“ in the third paragraph means（分数：1.00）A.explosive.B.transient.C.unstable.D.lively.(3).When the author mentions the Titanic analogy,（

48、分数：1.00）A.he is in favor of it.B.his view is balanced.C.he is slightly critical of it.D.he is strongly critical of it.(4).Which of the following is NOT one of the authors suggestions on investment?（分数：1.00）A.Create a reasonable investment plan with a decently diversified portfolio.B.Forget about the

49、 investment plan completely, once it is in place.C.Remember that risk comes with return in stock-market investment.D.Stay in the investment market with a long-term vision.(5).This passage mainly focuses on（分数：1.00）A.a well-diversified investment plan.B.investing in low-cost index funds.C.a long-term investment outlook.D.accepting risk in stock markets.2.BTEXT C/BThe concern throughout the world in 1968 for those three whales th