专业八级-714及答案解析.doc

1、专业八级-714 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)American Group DynamicsToday, in Western research institutes and university department, much work is done as a team project and American group dynamics is a topic we should be familiar with.I. The View

2、of Professional and (1) Relationships (1) _1. Separate the two relationshipsno need to (2) with your co-workers (2) _no need to socialize with your co-workers after office hours2. Neglect the conflicting personalities or (3) (3) _put aside your negative attitude towards a coworker and. Equality and

3、Participation1. Everyone is treated as (4) (4) _express his/her opinion freely2. A leaders rolenot dominate a groupnot the important personmake sure everyone (5) (5) _act more like (6) than a boss (6) _make sure the discussion stays on topic3. Group members talk to each otherIII. Compromises (7) (7)

4、 _1. Give or (8) your ideas to the group (8) _2. Take or accept the ideas of other members. Rules for Team Meetings1. An agendaa list of items to be discussed; (9) of discussion (9) _2. A (10) for decision making (10) _everyone participateseveryone takes ownership（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1

5、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. （分数：5.00）(1).There is a great employment demand for

6、graduates of all the following majors EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.engineering.B.finance.C.management.D.accounting.(2).Which of the following is TRUE of the job market?（分数：1.00）A.Employees are in face of fierce competition.B.Salaries of engineering grads are lower than the average.C.Starting salaries have been

7、increased this year.D.There might be another hiring surge next year.(3).The expert suggests that graduates should not rely on the Internet because（分数：1.00）A.it is not a good job searching strategy.B.not all job vacancies are available On it.C.grads cannot have a direct contact with employers.D.many

8、grads dont have access to the Internet.(4).According to the interview, which is NOT an advantage of an informational interview?（分数：1.00）A.It enables grads to get a job more easily.B.It enables grads to get a better-paid job.C.It allows grads to get a few contacts.D.It allows grads to know more about

9、 the industry.(5).What can parents do to help their children get a job?（分数：1.00）A.To encourage them to be confident.B.To support them financially.C.To urge them to be dependent.D.To keep an eye on their emotions.四、SECTION C(总题数：4，分数：5.00)Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end

10、of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news. （分数：2.00）(1).The strike has broken out in South Africa because（分数：1.00）A.more than one hundred miners died in a disaster.B.black miners have been calling for a wage rise.C.miners wanted to mou

11、rn over colleagues death.D.miners wanted to better their working conditions.(2).Which of the following statements about the strike is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.The strike has resulted in a great loss to the mining industry.B.A few reporters were allowed to approach the mine.C.Half the countrys black miners we

12、re on strike.D.A white church leader called the strike action.1. Question 8 is based on the following news, At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. On hearing Yamanis firing, on traders in New York were（分数：1.00）A.annoyed.B.ecstatic.C.

13、surprised.D.gloomy.2.Question 9 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. The H5N1 bird flu has been found in all the following places EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.Australia.B.Maharashtra.C.France.D.Austria.3.Questio

14、n 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. The news is mainly about the UN human rights investigators calling for（分数：1.00）A.a better treatment of the US detainees at Guantanamo Bay.B.an independent ju

15、dicial body to bring the detainees to trial.C.the immediate closure of the detention camp at Guantanamo Bay.D.the implementation of international human rights law at Guantanamo Bay.五、PART READING COMPR(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In 17th-century New England, almost everyone believed in witc

16、hes. Struggling to survive in a vast and sometimes unforgiving land, Americas earliest European settlers understood themselves to be surrounded by an inscrutable universe filled with invisible spirits, both benevolent and evil, that affected their lives. They often attributed a sudden illness, a hou

17、sehold disaster or a financial setback to a witchs curse. The belief in witchcraft was, at bottom, an attempt to make sense of the unknown.While witchcraft was often feared, it was punished only infrequently. In the first 70 years of the New England settlement, about 100 people were formally charged

18、 with being witches; fewer than two dozen were convicted and fewer still were executed.Then came 1692. In January of that year, two young girls living in the household of the Reverend Samuel Parris of Salem Village began experiencing strange fits. The doctor identified witchcraft as tile cause. Afte

19、r weeks of questioning, the girls named Tituba, Parriss female Indian slave, and two local women as the witches who were tormenting them.Judging by previous incidents, one would have expected the episode to end there. But it didnt. Other young Salem women began to suffer fits as well. Before the cri

20、sis ended, 19 people formally accused others of afflicting them, 54 residents of Essex County confessed to being witches and nearly 150 people were charged with consorting with the devil. What led to this?Traditionally, historians have argued that the witchcraft crisis resulted from factionalism in

21、Salem Village, deliberate faking, or possibly the ingestion of hallucinogens by the afflicted. I believe another force was at work. The events in Salem were precipitated by a conflict with the Indians on the northeastern frontier, the most significant surge of violence in the region in nearly 40 yea

22、rs.In two little-known wars, fought largely in Maine from 1675 to 1678 and from 1688 to 1699, English settlers suffered devastating losses at the hands of Wabanaki Indians and their French allies. The key afflicted accusers in the Salem crisis were frontier refugees whose families had been wiped out

23、 in the wars. These tormented young women said they saw the devil in the shape of an Indian. In testimony, they accused the witchesreputed ringleaderthe Reverend George Burroughs, formerly pastor of Salem Villageof bewitching the soldiers dispatched to fight the Wabanakis. While Tituba, one of the f

24、irst people accused of witchcraft, has traditionally been portrayed as a black or mulatto woman from Barbados, all the evidence points to her being an American Indian. To the Puritan settlers, who believed themselves to be Gods chosen people, witchcraft explained why they were losing the war so badl

25、y. Their Indian enemies had the devil on their side.In late summer, some prominent New Englanders began to criticize the witch prosecutions. In response to the dissent, Governor Sir William Phips of Massachusetts dissolved in October the special court be had established to handle the trials. But bef

26、ore he stopped the legal process, 14 women and 5 men had been hanged. Another man was crushed to death by stones for refusing to enter a plea. The war with the Indians continued for six more years, though sporadically. Slowly, northern New Englanders began to feel more secure. And they soon regrette

27、d the events of 1692.Within five years, one judge and 12 jurors formally apologized as the colony declared a day of fasting and prayer to atone for the injustices that had been committed. In 1711, the state compensated the families of the victims.And last year, more than three centuries after the se

28、ttlers reacted to an external threat by lashing out irrationally, the convicted were cleared by name in a Massachusetts statute, its a story worth rememberingand not just on Halloween.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following does NOT describe peoples understanding of universe and witchcraft?（分数：1.00）A.Ex

29、istent.B.Mysterious.C.Scared.D.Fiendish.(2).The author adds that the witchcraft crisis of 1692 also arose from（分数：1.00）A.the clash between European settlers and the Indians.B.disagreements among European settlers in Salem.C.the delusion of the sick in Salem.D.the pretension of the sick in Salem.(3).

30、“.one would have expected the episode to end there“ in the fourth paragraph means that（分数：1.00）A.things might not go from bad to worse.B.the doctor tried to cure fits.C.more people suffered from fits.D.the situation was further aggravated.(4).It can be inferred from the passage that（分数：1.00）A.Purita

31、n settlers witnessed the witchcraft of American Indians.B.frontier refugees couldnt admit their own defeat.C.the early European settlers lacked the sense of security.D.hundreds of American Indians died of the witchcraft accusation.(5).A suitable title for the passage would be（分数：1.00）A.The Significa

32、nce of Salems Witch Trials.B.European Settlers and American Indians.C.The Reflection on the Details of Salems Witch Trials.D.Campaigning on the Indian Frontier.七、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Feld, the shoemaker, was annoyed that his helper, Sobel, was so insensitive to his reverie that he wouldnt for a minu

33、te cease his fanatic pounding at the other bench. He gave him a look, but Sobels bald head was bent over the last as he worked, and he didnt notice. The shoemaker shrugged and continued to peer through the partly frosted window at the near-sighted haze of falling February snow. Neither the shifting

34、white blur outside, nor the sudden deep remembrance of the snowy Polish village where he had wasted his youth could turn his thoughts from Max, the college boy (a constant visitor in the mind since early that morning when Fold saw him trudging through the snowdrifts on his way to school), whom he so

35、 much respected because of the sacrifices he had made throughout the yearsin winter or direst heatto further his education.An old wish returned to haunt the shoemaker: that he had had a son instead of a daughter, but this blew away in the snow for Fold, if anything, was a practical man. Yet he could

36、 not help but contrast the diligence of the boy, who was a peddlers son, with Miriams unconcern for an education. True, she was always with a book in her hand, yet when the opportunity arose for a college education, she had said no, she would rather find a job. He had begged her to go, pointing out

37、how many fathers could not afford to send their children to college, but she said she wanted to be independent. As for education, what was it, she asked, but books, which Sobel, who diligently read the classics, would as usual advise her on. Her answer greatly grieved her father.A figure emerged fro

38、m the snow, and the door opened. At the counter the man withdrew from a wet paper bag a pair of battered shoes for repair. Who he was the shoemaker for a moment had no idea, then his heart trembled as he realized, before he had thoroughly discerned the face, that Max himself was standing there, emba

39、rrassedly explaining what he wanted done to his old shoes. Though Fold listened eagerly, he couldnt hear a word, for the opportunity that had burst upon him was deafening.He couldnt exactly recall when the thought had occurred to him, because it was clear he had more than once considered suggesting

40、to the boy that he go out with Miriam. But he had not dared speak, for if Max said no, how would he face him again? Or suppose Miriam, who harped so often on independence, blew up in anger and shouted at him for his meddling? Still, the chance was too good to let by: all it meant was an introduction

41、. They might long ago have become friends had they happened to meet somewhere, therefore was it not his dutyan obligationto bring them together, nothing more, a harmless connivance to replace an accidental encounter in the subway, lets say, or a mutual friends introduction in the street? Just let hi

42、m once see and talk to her, and he would for sure be interested. As for Miriam, what possible harm for a working girl in an office, who met only loudmouthed salesmen and illiterate shipping clerks, to make the acquaintance of a fine scholarly boy? Maybe he would awaken in her a desire to go to colle

43、ge; if notthe shoemakers mind at last came to grips with the truthlet her marry an educated man and live a better life.（分数：5.00）(1).From the first paragraph, we get the impression that（分数：1.00）A.Feld may not have a happy childhood.B.Feld cherished his childhood memories.C.Feld thought highly of man

44、of perseverance.D.Feld lived an affluent but empty life.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that Felds daughter was all EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.forceful.B.absent-minded.C.realistic.D.determined.(3).When Feld saw Max, he was（分数：1.00）A.astonished.B.embarrassed.C.perplexed.D.ecstatic.(4).The phrase “harpe

45、d on“ in “who harped so often on independence“ in the fourth paragraph means（分数：1.00）A.thought about.B.talked about.C.worried about.D.troubled about.(5).Which is the main idea of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Feld is anxious about repairing Maxs worn shoes.B.Feld is an impossible dreamer with fanciful thou

46、ghts.C.Feld wants his daughter to improve her chances in life.D.Feld appreciates the qualities of diligence and persistence.八、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：6.00)American economists once spoofed university education as the only industry in which those who consume its product do not purchase it; those who produce i

47、t do not sell it, and those who finance it do not control it. That apt description, made in the 1970s, has been undermined since then by the emergence of the first for-profit universities in the United States. Controlled by entrepreneurs, these schools which number about 700 and counting sell a prac

48、tical education to career-minded students and make a good buck doing it. They are now expanding abroad, creating the first multinational corporations in a sector long suspicious of balance sheets.The companies are lured by a booming market in which capitalist competition is still scarce. The number

49、of university students is expected to double in the next 25 years to 170 million worldwide. Demand greatly exceeds supply, because the 1990s saw massive global investment in primary and secondary schools, but not in universities. The number of children enrolled in primary or secondary schools rose by 18 percent around the