专业八级模拟597及答案解析.doc

1、专业八级模拟597及答案解析 (总分：124.92，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：30.00)English as a Global Language. English is a global language Its widely used in economic, political, and scientific fields, and in 1 English as a global language is bad news for 2 - Writers wil

2、l write in English to reach a(n) 3 . The positive impacts of English as a global language In 4 area: a medium of communication In 5 : a language commonly used in lecture-rooms or lecture-conferences In English Language Teaching: English-speaking countries 6 from the spread of English . The negative

3、impacts of English as a global language Inequality in language and 7 - e.g.: classroom a. Students who dont speak fluent English tend to be 8 b. Students who speak fluent English tend to 9 Social inequality - International conference: English speaking people are usually 10 Linguistic power - Native

4、English speakers will be more 11 than non-native English speakers - Native speakers have a(n) 12 Linguistic 13 - English speakers are less 14 to learn other languages and cultures Linguistic death - The existence of a global language may lead to 15 and the death of other languages （分数：30.00）三、SECTIO

5、N B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）A.9 years.B.19 years.C.20 years.D.30 years.A.Alexis is good at acting and singing.B.Alexis plays a leading role in every film he acts.C.Alexis is an easy-going and passionate actor.D.Alexiss craft in acting needs to be improved.A.When he was 9.B.When he was 20.C

6、When he was 18.D.When he was 22.A.His interest in acting.B.His talent in acting.C.His cute appearance.D.The directors remarks.A.Severe and impromptu.B.Severe and tedious.C.Severe and easy.D.Severe and inordinate.（分数：5.00）A.Great advancement.B.No improvement.C.Success.D.Failure.A.Liberia.B.Sierra Le

7、one.C.Syria.D.Sudan.A.The progress of the disease is slowing.B.There are not enough operational efforts on the ground.C.Patients are not recovering.D.The efforts around treatment and containment are not working.A.The health care infrastructures are very weak.B.The spread wasnt contained more quickly

8、 some months ago.C.The USAIDs Office didnt take enough donation.D.People are afraid to provide treatment.A.Because health workers are also highly vulnerable to the infection of Ebola.B.Because treatment workers can open up more treatment facilities by training.C.Because the disease is outpacing the

9、operational efforts on ground.D.Because health workers are unwilling to step forward and help.四、PART READING COMPR(总题数：1，分数：30.00)SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are four passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are f

10、our suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE To keep the wheels of industry, we manufacture consumer goods in endless quantities, and, in the process, are rapidly exhausting our resources. But this

11、 is only half the problem. What do we do with manufactured products when they are worn out? They must be disposed of, but how and where? Unsightly junkyards full of rusting automobiles already surround every city in the nation. Americans throw away 80 billion bottles and cans each year, enough to bu

12、ild more than ten stacks to the moon. There isnt room for much more waste, and yet the factories grind on. They cannot stop because everyone wants a job. Our standard of living, one of the highest in the world, requires the consumption of manufactured products in ever-increasing amounts. Man, about

13、to be buried in his own waste, is caught in a vicious cycle. Only 100 years ago man lived in harmony with nature. There werent so many people then and their wants were fewer. Whatever wastes were produced could be absorbed by nature and were soon covered over. Today this harmonious relationship is t

14、hreatened by mans lack of foresight and planning, and by his carelessness and greed, for man is slowly poisoning his environment. Pollution is a dirty word. To pollute means to contaminateto spoil something by introducing impurities which make it unfit or unclear to use. Pollution comes in many form

15、s. We see it, we smell it, taste it, drink it, and stumble through it. We literally live in and breathe pollution, and, not surprisingly, it is beginning to threaten our health, our happiness, and our very civilization. Once we thought of pollution as meaning simply smogthe choking, stinging, dirty

16、air that hovers over cities. But air pollution, while it is still the most dangerous, is only one type of contamination among several which attack the most basic life function. Through the uncontrolled use of insecticides, man has polluted the land, killing the wildlife. By dumping sewage and chemic

17、al into rivers and lakes, we have contaminated our drinking water. We are polluting the oceans, too, killing the fish and thereby depriving ourselves of an invaluable food supply. Part of the problem is our exploding population. More and more people produce more wastes. But this problem is intensifi

18、ed by our throw-away technology. Each year American dispose of 7 million autos, 20 million tons of waste paper, 25 million pounds of toothpaste tubes and 48 million cans. We throw away gum wrappers, newspapers, and paper plates. It is no longer fashionable to reuse anything. Today almost everything

19、is disposable. Instead of repairing a toaster or a radio, it is easier and cheaper to buy a new one and discard the old, even though 95 percent of its parts may still be functioning. Baby diapers, which used to be made of cloth and now have disposable substitutes: Wear it once and throw it away, wil

20、l be the slogan of the fashion conscious. Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a gigantic dump, or is there hope that we can solve the pollution problem? Fortunately, solutions are in sight. A few of them are positively ingenious. Take the problem of discarded automobiles, for ins

21、tance. Each year over 40,000 of them are abandoned in New York City alone. Eventually the discards end up in a junkyard. But cars are too bulky to ship as scrap to a steel mill. They must first be flattened. This is done in a giant compressor which can reduce a Cadillac to the size of a television s

22、et in a matter of minutes. Any leftover scrap metal is mixed with concrete and made into exceptionally strong bricks that are used in buildings and bridges. Mans ingenuity has come to his rescue. What about water pollution? More and more cities are building sewage-treatment plants. Instead of being

23、dumped into a nearby river or lake, sewage is sent through a system of underground pipes to a giant tank where the water is separated from the solid material called sludge. The sludge can be converted into fertilizer, and can also be made into bricks. Controlling air pollution is another crucial obj

24、ective. Without food, man can live about five weeks; without water, about five days. Without air, he can only live five minutes, so pure air is a must. Here the wrongdoer is the automobile. Where there is a concentration of automobiles, as in our big cities, air pollution is severe. It is important

25、to see that our cars are equipped with pollution-control devices. Such devices effectively reduce the harmful gases emitted from the engine. Power plants, factories, and apartment buildings can also avoid air pollution. When possible they should use clean fuels like gas and oil. And the smokestacks

26、of these buildings should be equipped with filters and other smoke-reduction devices. Can we eliminate pollution altogether? Probably not. Modem man pollutes with everything he does, so total elimination would require drastic measures. Every power plant would have to shut down. Industries would have

27、 to close. We would have to leave all our automobiles in the garage. Every bus and truck and airplane would have to stop running. There would be no way to bring food to the cities. There would be no heat and light. Under these conditions, our population would die in a short time. Since such a drasti

28、c solution is impossible, we must employ determined public action. We can reduce pollution, even if we cant eliminate it altogether. But everyone must do his part. We can have a clean world; we can do something. The choice is up to you. PASSAGE TWO When I direct Shakespeare, theatrical innovator Pet

29、er Sellars once said, the first thing I do is go to the text for cuts. I go through to find the passages that are real heavy, that really are not needed, places where the language has become obscure, places where there is a bizarre detour. And then I take those moments, those elements, and I make th

30、em the centerpiece, the core of the production. In the sober matter of staging Shakespeare, such audaciousness is hard to resistthough a lot of Chicago theatre-goers have been able to. Typically, a third of the people who have been showing up at the Goodman Theatre to see Sellars ingenious reworking

31、 of The Merchant of Venice have been walking out before the evening is over. Its no mystery, why? The evening isnt over for nearly four hours. Beyond that, the production pretty much upends everything the audience has come to expect from one of Shakespeares most troubling but reliable entertaining c

32、omedies. The play has been transplanted from the teeming, multicultural world of 15th century Venice, Italy, to the teeming, multicultural world of 1994 Venice Beach, California, where Sellars lives when he isnt setting Don Giovanni in Spanish Harlem, putting King Lear in a Lincoln Continental or de

33、constructing other classic plays and operas. Shylock, along with the plays other Jews, is black. Antonio, the merchant of the title, and his kinsmen are Latinos. Portia, the wealthy maiden being wooed by Antonios friend Bassanio, is Asian. But the racial shuffling is just one of Sellars liberties. T

34、he stage is furnished with little but office furniture, while video screens simulcast the actors in close-up during their monologues, (and, in between, display seemingly unrelated Southern Califomia scene, from gardens and swimming pools to the L. A. riots). Cries of anguish come from the clowns, an

35、d the playfully romantic final scene, in which Portia teases Bassanio for giving away her ring to the lawyer she played in disguise, is re-imagined as the darkest, most poisonously unsettling passage in the play. Some of this seems to be sheer perversity, but the real shock of Sellars production is

36、how well it works both theatrically and thematically. The racial casting, for instance, is a brilliant way of defusing the plays anti- Semitismturning it into a metaphor for prejudice and materialism in all its forms. Paul Butler is a hardhearted ghetto businessman who, even when he is humiliated at

37、 the end, never loses his cool or stoops for pity. Wrongheaded and tortuous as this Merchant sometimes is, the updating is witty and apt. The news of the Rialto becomes fodder for a pair of gossip reporters on a happy-talk TV newscast. Shylocks trial is presided over by a mumbling, superannuated jud

38、ge who could have stepped fight out of Court TV. With a few exceptions Elaine Tses overwrought Portia, for instancethe actors strike a nice balance between Shakespeares poetry and Sellars stunt driving. For the rest of us, its a wild ride. PASSAGE THREE Since ancient times it has been known that you

39、r word is a cause set in motion. In fact, the universe itself is claimed to have emanated from a single primordial sound. In the science of yoga, it is believed that certain Sanskrit words, known as mantras, can bring about magical results, thus you can secure abundance with a certain mantra, peace

40、with another, and so on. On a more practical level, your word still remains highly potent. With your words, you can wound someone, sending them into spirals of defeat, and with your words you can heal someone, raising them up from a dismal place to soaring hope and motivation. In fact, the entire fi

41、eld of self-improvement is the transmission of words that will assist others to get a firm perspective and move forward with their lives, fulfilling their dreams and desires. On a personal level, too, your words affect you. What you say to yourself about anyone or anything affects you, too. If you s

42、peak well of someone or something, you bring more of that harmony into your life. And if you speak ill of someone or something, you will bring more of that frustration and anger and conflict into your life. Psychological literature often speaks of numerous cases where a parents words, spoken casuall

43、y, can affect the destiny of a child. And the most potent words that a parent can use to affect a child are those spoken at the time of dying since these are the last words, and the moment is so highly-charged and the awareness so acute that these words become an imperative that the child now feels

44、obligated to never disown. Words are further charged with the emotion behind them. The stronger the emotion, the more highly charged the words. Many a love affair has fallen by the wayside because of emotionally charged words, which are later regretted. Despite all this, people use words with the ut

45、most casualness. People wreck their own lives and that of others through the careless use of words. They also accept the words of others as a given truth, when, in fact, all comments by others are merely opinion. The most marvelous aspect of words is how they can bend time. The brilliantly crafted w

46、ords of Shakespeare or the eloquence of Martin Luther King still shape our lives. Words are so sacred that whole buildings are used to archive them and make them available for reading. A person can rise from poverty to wealth, from sickness to health, and from loneliness to loving companionship simp

47、ly through exposing themselves to the most beneficial stream of words. Words not only steal hearts, but shape reality as well. The earth can be a better place because of your choice of words. You can fill lives with the miracles of your words. You can be an agent for positive change and bring out th

48、e best in yourself and others simply by how you use words. Words are psychic shape-shifters; use them wisely. PASSAGE FOUR imagine a chart that begins when man first appeared on the planet and tracks the economic growth of societies from then forward. It would be a long, flat line until the late 16th or early 17th century, when it would start trending upward. For most of humankind life was as the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes famously described it in 1651solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short. But as Hobbes was writing those words, the world around him was changing