专业八级模拟617及答案解析.doc

1、专业八级模拟617及答案解析 (总分：180.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PART LISTENING COM(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)Suggestions of Reading Activities. Three 1 phases of reading before reading in the course of reading after reading . Pre-reading activities finding 2 to make comprehension easier we-reading d

2、iscussion activities to ease cognition being aware of the 3 for reading consideration of different types of reading skills: skimming, scanning, extensive reading, 4 understanding the 5 of the material . Suggestions for during-reading activities A. Tips of 6 : summarizing, reacting, questioning, 7 ,

3、evaluating, involving own experiences B. My suggestions: making predictions making selections combining 8 to facilitate comprehension focusing on significant pieces of information making use of 9 or guessing breaking words into their 10 reading in 11 learning to pause 12 . Post-reading suggestions A

4、. Depending on the goal of reading penetrating 13 meshing new information B. 14 discussing summarizing giving questions filling in 15 writing reading notes role-playing （分数：60.00）三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：10.00)（分数：5.00）A.Working his knowledge.B.What it meant to learn knowledge.C.A combination

5、of what he had learned.D.Working hard all his life.A.There is no disadvantage in his show business.B.It is important to work challenge to its advantage.C.It is ignorant to take being an underdog as a disadvantage.D.One can be inspired by the triumph of spirit.A.He is moral and ethical.B.He is an ide

6、alist in his work.C.He finds conflicts between his idea and reality.D.He is thoughtful and practical.A.Theres virtue in justice if justice is at stake.B.Life is all about winning.C.Wining is competition.D.The result is the most important thing.A.Comedy genre.B.Science fiction genre.C.Tragedy genre.D

7、.Horror genre.（分数：5.00）A.He is a worker for teachers.B.He is a language teacher.C.He a maker of violin.D.He is just a writer.A.Making violin and composing.B.Managing a language school.C.Working in different countries.D.Writing articles for teachers magazines.A.He only remembers his first book.B.He h

8、asnt written for many years.C.He forgets about what he has written.D.He has written too many books.A.Kaleidoscope.B.Games for Language Learning.C.SCOPE.D.Characters.A.Because it focuses on teaching English as a second language.B.Because it emphasizes more on trivial stories and drills in language te

9、aching.C.Because it proposes a new vision of learning other things of interest and value.D.Because it combines other subjects in the curriculum such as science and social studies.四、PART READING COMPR(总题数：1，分数：55.00)SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are three passages followed

10、 by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. PASSAGE ONE (1) Ole and Lena are a mythical Swedish-American couple, probably residing somewhere in Minnesota, notable f

11、or their remarkably dysfunctional marriage. One story goes like this: (2) Ole and Lena have grown old, and one day Ole becomes very sick. Eventually, he is confined to his upstairs bedroom, barely conscious, bedridden, and growing ever weaker. After several weeks of this, the doctor visits and tells

12、 Lena: Vell, Oles just about a goner. I dont think hell survive the night. So Lena, being a practical woman, decides she had better start preparing for all the guests who will be coming to the funeral. She begins to bake, starting with loaves of limpa, a Swedish sweet rye bread. The pleasant smell o

13、f baking bread is soon wafting through the house. Suddenly, upstairs, Oles nose twitches and his eyes bolt open. Limpa, he says. He jerks up into a sitting position, swings his legs around, and climbs out of bed. Its like a miracle! Half walking, half stumbling, he crosses the room, enters the hallw

14、ay, and starts working his way down the stairs. Limpa, he says again. He reaches the ground floor, stumbles across the kitchen, and pulls himself into a chair by a table where a loaf of freshly sliced bread sits. He reaches over to take a slice. Stop that, Ole! shouts Lena, as she whaps his hand wit

15、h her spatula. That limpa bread is for after the funeral. (3) We can laugh at Ole and Lena because they are now out of time, characters from an earlier era of Swedish immigration to America. Their ideal type, we might say, no longer exists. More importantly, their dysfunctional marriage also belongs

16、 to another era. Several generations ago, when there were real Oles and Lenas, divorce would have been rare in their community. For better and worse, couples remained in unhappy or troubled marriages, perhaps for the sake of the children, perhaps for other cultural or religious reasons. (4) Successf

17、ul jokes usually involve making fun of institutions that are strong and stable. The marriage joke, a staple of comedians during the 1950s and 1960s, seems to be fading in our time. Symbolically, Rodney Dangerfield, perhaps the last master of the marriage joke, died recently. (5) It is hard to make f

18、un of an institution that is battered and bruised. Such are marriage and the family in America. Marriage rates are now at record lows in our country. The average age of first marriage is at a record high, for both men and women. The proportion of adults who will never marry is also at a record level

19、. At the same time, the marital fertility rate in America is at a record low. Meanwhile, 40 percent of all births are now outside of wedlock, and this figure is steadily climbing. Cohabitationliving together without benefit of clergy, as we used to saygrows ever more popular as an alternative to mar

20、riage. While the American divorce rate has been fairly stable for a decade or two, it remains at a high level: one of every two marriages still ends in divorce. Finally, gay rights activists are clamoring for the right to marry, with someif unevensuccess among the states. (6) There are those, such a

21、s Harvard historian Nancy Cott, who argue that these changes simply represent the inevitable evolution of marriage and family, a natural adaptation of a malleable, plastic-like institution to new conditions. Industrialization, modernization, and the quest for equality, Cott concludes, have freed mar

22、riage from the shackles of the past, allowing it to evolve into a higher and better form. (7) There is no doubt that the Industrial Revolution brought new pressures to bear on what I prefer to call the Natural Family. At the most basic level, this process severed the workplace from the home. For all

23、 of human history up to that time, the great majority of humans had lived and worked in the same place, be it a small farm or an artisans shop or a nomads tent. Under the industrial regime, though, adults were pulled out of their homes to labor in factories or offices. Serious complications arose ov

24、er matters such as sex or gender roles and the care of children. (8) However, in most of Europe and North America, families recovered a significant degree of autonomy through family wage regimes. Constructed by religious leaders, social reformers, and morally grounded labor unions, family wage syste

25、ms limited the intrusion of the industrial principle into the family circle. These systems held that the factories could hire only one person per household, normally the husband and father, and that that person should receive a family sustaining wage. For working-class women, liberation came to mean

26、 freedom from having to work in the factories. This allowed mothers to focus on maintaining autonomous homes and caring for children. In this way, the natural family rooted in marriage and focused on procreation and child-rearing accommodated itself to the new industrial era. (9) It is also true, th

27、ough, that family-wage regimes of this kind largely vanished during the last three decades of the twentieth century and are now mostly forgotten. Feminist historians, such as Nancy Cott, see this as an important and most welcome step in the evolution of marriage and family. A more accurate interpret

28、ation is that the disappearance of these regimes has been a major cause of the deterioration of marriage and family life seen since 1965; while such systems had flaws, nothing compensated for the loss of their strengths. Moreover, rather than being an aspect of social evolution, this transformation

29、of private life was the direct result of an ideological project designed to create a post-family order. (10) This unique ideological effort had both socialist and feminist roots. It was expressed most clearly in Sweden, the ancestral home of Ole and Lena. PASSAGE TWO (1) Among the quality, courtship

30、 before the middle of the seventeenth century was usually a stilted and formal affair of short duration and limited significance. The procedure took two forms. The first was the selection of a possible spouse by the parents or friends, after careful examination of his or her economic prospects, and

31、preliminary agreement with the other set of parents and friends about the terms of the financial settlement. The couple were then brought together, in order to discover whether or not they found each other personally obnoxious. If no strong negative feelings were aroused, the couple normally consent

32、ed, the marriage settlement was signed, and the arrangement for a formal church wedding went forward. Alternatively, a man might meet or see a girl in a public place, in church, or at a ball or party. If he was attracted to her, he would approach her parents and friends and formally ask their permis

33、sion to court her. If investigation proved that he was financially and personally suitable, permission was granted and courting went forward, with all the usual rituals of visits, conversation, gifts, and expressions of love and devotion. (2) These requests to parents or guardians for permission to

34、pay court were normally made in person, but occasionally they were put in writing, which allows the historian a view of the formalities which surrounded such occasions. One such letter was written in 1755 by a relatively impecunious clergyman in Nottinghamshire to a Mrs. Neville, seeking permission

35、to offer marriage to her ward, Miss Snow. He explains that he has met Miss Snow thanks to my intimacy with Mrs. Snow, and has come to admire in her an agreeable person, an affable and engaging behavior, joined to a fine understanding. He goes on to declare that these are charms too prevailing to pas

36、s without observation. Me, I own, they have fixed amongst the number of her most passionate admirers, and I have considered em so attentively that to be possessed of the lady who is mistress of such admirable and valuable qualifications is (however undeserving I may be of such an inestimable treasur

37、e) become necessary to my happiness. I should have subjected myself to the charge of acting improperly.had I paid my addresses to Miss Snow, .and her own prudence and good sense would have blamed me for offering to do it without your knowledge and approbation. You have been, and still are, to her in

38、 the place of a parent Knowing this, I should be unpardonable if I was to take any step toward the accomplishment of my hopes previous to that of having your sentiment upon the matter. (3) After this long-winded preamble, the Revd Knowles frankly conceded that he was not much of a financial catch. H

39、e had no private income, he lived entirely upon his two church livings, which brought in 120 a year, and he was still paying off debts owed by his late father. He stressed that his intention is not to lay my force upon the ladys inclinations, for I honestly declare to you I wouldnt marry the best wo

40、man in the three kingdoms unless I was as certain of her affections as I was of her hand. He winds up with the request: Remember, dear madam, that the happiness of a man.is at present in your hands. (4) What is noticeable about this letter is, first, that in polite society in the mid-eighteenth cent

41、ury it was still expected that a would-be suitor should first request, in the most stilted and formal manner, the permission of the guardian; second, that the motives for the suit should be entirely based upon mutual affectionbut with no hint of either romantic love or sexual passion; and third, tha

42、t although there was a frank recognition that a difference in financial circumstances might raise an obstacle to the match, the suitor did not regard it as an insuperable one. We are already moving away from the world of Defoe, and even Fielding, and into the more ambiguous one of Jane Austen. (5) O

43、ccasionally, of course, and increasingly throughout the eighteenth century, unsupervised couples from propertied families would meet at court, or at Bath, or on the hunting-field, and conduct their own courtship in complete secrecy. Sooner or later, however, they were obliged to face up to the neces

44、sity of obtaining consent of parents or friends. Negotiations and haggling over the settlement now became the last step instead of the first, as the father of the bride decided upon the size of the marriage portion, and the father of the groom upon the appropriate current maintenance for the couple,

45、 as well as the jointure for the bride if she outlived the groom. (6) In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the pressure of parents, friends, and kin in the highest circles of society was all but irresistible, especially because of the financial pressures which could be, arid often were, broug

46、ht to bear. By the eighteenth century, however, the concept of affective individualism had penetrated even these elevated circles, and thanks to the romantic movement, by the end of the century the tables had been entirely turned. By then, even in great aristocratic households, mutual affection was

47、regarded as the essential prerequisite for matrimony, even if sometimes this led to disappointing results. Thus, in 1796, the parents and lawyers arranged the financial details of a match between the heir to the Duke of Leeds and a great heiress, Lady Gertrude Villiers. Once all this was satisfactor

48、ily settled, the couple were sent off to the seaside together to get to know each other. The result was not a success, and it was reported that the match was entirely off, after an ineffectual attempt to fall in love with each other at Weymouth and which was rather an awkward business for both. By this time, at the end of the eighteenth century, we have entered a new world in which, even in a social group for whom large estates and ancient titles were the stakes in the game, the complex calculations of scheming parents and artful lawyers took secon