专业英语八级（改错）-试卷207及答案解析.doc

1、专业英语八级（改错）-试卷207及答案解析 (总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_Those of us involved in the internationalization of higher education rely on a series of assumptions that are often not supported by data or evidence. For instance, we believe that internati

2、onalization is not only positive but also very relevant as a key component of the changing landscape of higher education.When asking about why internationalization is important, we are 1prepared to recite a list of their benefits for the students, the 2faculty, the institution, and the society in ge

3、nerally. Well, if we 3dont defend our jobs well, who will do it? We assume that internationalization is good, but we often lack any data to support our assumptions. Also, we dont think too much about the fact thatthere are different rationales so as to why, how, and for which 4purposes an institutio

4、n or, for that matter, a whole region, wants toengage in an internationalization effort. At most, thats what new 5data from the International Association of Universities(IAU)shows. Basing on the principle that it depends, and context matters 6more than ever, it is especially interesting to take a lo

5、ok at thethird Global Survey Report in Internationalization of Higher 7Education. This comprehensive survey is the largest of its kind worldwide, and includes responses from 745 institutions in 115countries. For purpose of analysis, the results were clustered in the 8following regions: Africa, Asia-

6、Pacific, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Middle East, and North America. Even though the survey is on its third edition, it still has limitations whichunfortunately is acknowledged and explained in the document. 9Nevertheless, it provides useful hints about trends in internationaleducation

7、not only on a worldwide basis but also region. 10（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_Language is not merely something that is spread out in space,as it wasa series of reflections in individual minds of one and the 1same timeless picture. Language moves down time in

8、a current of itsown making. It has a drift. If there were no breaking up for a 2language into dialects, and if each language continued a firm, self- 3contained unity, it would still be constantly moving away from any assignable norm, developing new features unceasingly and graduallytransforming it i

9、nto a language so different from its starting point as 4to be in effect a new language. Now dialects arise not because of the mere fact of individual variation but because two or more groups of individuals have become sufficiently disconnected to drift apart, orindependently, instead of together. So

10、 long as they keep strict 5together, no amount of individual variation would lead to theformation of dialects. In a practice, of course, no language can be 6spread over a vast territory and even over a considerable area without 7showing dialectic variations, for it is possible to keep a large 8popul

11、ation from segregating itself into local groups, the language ofeach of which tends to drift independently. In cultural conditions 9such as apparently prevail today, conditions that fight localism at every turn, the tendency to dialectic cleavage is being constantly counteracted and in part correcte

12、d by the factors already referredto. Yet even in so young a country like America the dialectic 10differences are not inconsiderable.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_A project likely to evolve in the near or intermediate future isspace tourism. Today space tourism

13、 has become a pure commercial 1activity that would not have to rely unpredictable government 2decisions. It would therefore put space operations on a much more solid, dependable footing and would enormously expand mans spaceactivity. If some people see space tourism as a potential multibillion- 3dol

14、lar business, difficult technical problems remain to be sobered. First, in order to fulfill the dream of space tourism, a manned reusable rocket like the Venture Star must be built.Then, the second serious problem must be addressed; Even 4todays most-advanced space rockets are able to lift only abou

15、t 2. 5% of their launch weight into orbita ratio that has hardlychanged in the last 40 years. But it is simply impossible to find 5other alternations other than a rocket. This unsatisfying fact is a 6result of the limits of material characteristics and chemical powersources, and there is no indicati

16、on which any fundamental 7breakthrough can be expected in these areas in the foreseeablefuture. Then these who have long-cherished dreams of space tourism 8have to wait forever. Operational costs may be somewhat reduced by the use of air-breathing engines to help a reusable rocket penetrate into ear

17、thsatmosphere. Today the highest cost attainable to lift a payload to 9orbit is more than $ 4,000 per pound; the price of a ticket to space would have to be at least $ 50,000. It is questionable whether asufficient number of customers could be tempted to pay so a high 10price for a short trip around

18、 the world.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_专业英语八级（改错）-试卷207答案解析 (总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、LANGUAGE USAGE(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE（分数：20.00）_解析：Those of us involved in the internationalization of higher education rely on a series of assumptions that a

19、re often not supported by data or evidence. For instance, we believe that internationalization is not only positive but also very relevant as a key component of the changing landscape of higher education.When asking about why internationalization is important, we are 1prepared to recite a list of th

20、eir benefits for the students, the 2faculty, the institution, and the society in generally. Well, if we 3dont defend our jobs well, who will do it? We assume that internationalization is good, but we often lack any data to support our assumptions. Also, we dont think too much about the fact thatther

21、e are different rationales so as to why, how, and for which 4purposes an institution or, for that matter, a whole region, wants toengage in an internationalization effort. At most, thats what new 5data from the International Association of Universities(IAU)shows. Basing on the principle that it depe

22、nds, and context matters 6more than ever, it is especially interesting to take a look at thethird Global Survey Report in Internationalization of Higher 7Education. This comprehensive survey is the largest of its kind worldwide, and includes responses from 745 institutions in 115countries. For purpo

23、se of analysis, the results were clustered in the 8following regions: Africa, Asia-Pacific, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, Middle East, and North America. Even though the survey is on its third edition, it still has limitations whichunfortunately is acknowledged and explained in the docume

24、nt. 9Nevertheless, it provides useful hints about trends in internationaleducation not only on a worldwide basis but also region. 10（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：askingasked）填空项1:_（正确答案：theirits）填空项1:_（正确答案：generallygeneral）填空项1:_（正确答案：so一去掉so）填空项1:_（正确答案：mostleast）填空项1:_（正确答案：BasingBased）填空项1:_（正确答案：inon）填

25、空项1:_（正确答案：purpose一the）填空项1:_（正确答案：unfortunatelyfortunately）填空项1:_（正确答案：regionby）解析：解析：介词缺失。not onlybut also连接的成分在结构上应该保持一致。not only后面跟的是介词短语on a worldwide basis，所以but also后也应该使用介词短语，故在region前加by，by region表示“按地区”。Language is not merely something that is spread out in space,as it wasa series of refle

26、ctions in individual minds of one and the 1same timeless picture. Language moves down time in a current of itsown making. It has a drift. If there were no breaking up for a 2language into dialects, and if each language continued a firm, self- 3contained unity, it would still be constantly moving awa

27、y from any assignable norm, developing new features unceasingly and graduallytransforming it into a language so different from its starting point as 4to be in effect a new language. Now dialects arise not because of the mere fact of individual variation but because two or more groups of individuals

28、have become sufficiently disconnected to drift apart, orindependently, instead of together. So long as they keep strict 5together, no amount of individual variation would lead to theformation of dialects. In a practice, of course, no language can be 6spread over a vast territory and even over a cons

29、iderable area without 7showing dialectic variations, for it is possible to keep a large 8population from segregating itself into local groups, the language ofeach of which tends to drift independently. In cultural conditions 9such as apparently prevail today, conditions that fight localism at every

30、turn, the tendency to dialectic cleavage is being constantly counteracted and in part corrected by the factors already referredto. Yet even in so young a country like America the dialectic 10differences are not inconsiderable.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：waswere）填空项1:_（正确答案：for一of）填空项1:_（正确答案：continued一as）

31、填空项1:_（正确答案：ititself）填空项1:_（正确答案：strictstrictly）填空项1:_（正确答案：a去掉a）填空项1:_（正确答案：and一or）填空项1:_（正确答案：possibleimpossible）填空项1:_（正确答案：InUnder）填空项1:_（正确答案：likeas）解析：解析：固定搭配错误。soas为固定搭配，意为“和一样”。本句大意为“但是，即使是在诸如美国这样一个年轻的国家里，方言之间的区别也是不容忽视的。”A project likely to evolve in the near or intermediate future isspace t

32、ourism. Today space tourism has become a pure commercial 1activity that would not have to rely unpredictable government 2decisions. It would therefore put space operations on a much more solid, dependable footing and would enormously expand mans spaceactivity. If some people see space tourism as a p

33、otential multibillion- 3dollar business, difficult technical problems remain to be sobered. First, in order to fulfill the dream of space tourism, a manned reusable rocket like the Venture Star must be built.Then, the second serious problem must be addressed; Even 4todays most-advanced space rockets

34、 are able to lift only about 2. 5% of their launch weight into orbita ratio that has hardlychanged in the last 40 years. But it is simply impossible to find 5other alternations other than a rocket. This unsatisfying fact is a 6result of the limits of material characteristics and chemical powersource

35、s, and there is no indication which any fundamental 7breakthrough can be expected in these areas in the foreseeablefuture. Then these who have long-cherished dreams of space tourism 8have to wait forever. Operational costs may be somewhat reduced by the use of air-breathing engines to help a reusabl

36、e rocket penetrate into earthsatmosphere. Today the highest cost attainable to lift a payload to 9orbit is more than $ 4,000 per pound; the price of a ticket to space would have to be at least $ 50,000. It is questionable whether asufficient number of customers could be tempted to pay so a high 10pr

37、ice for a short trip around the world.（分数：20.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：purepurely）填空项1:_（正确答案：rely一onupon）填空项1:_（正确答案：If-WhileAlthough）填空项1:_（正确答案：thea）填空项1:_（正确答案：ButAnd）填空项1:_（正确答案：alternations一alternatives）填空项1:_（正确答案：whichthat）填空项1:_（正确答案：第二个thesethose）填空项1:_（正确答案：highestlowest）填空项1:_（正确答案：so一such）解析：解析：副词误用。so修饰形容词，如so high a price；such修饰名词，因此such a high price符合语法习惯。