专业英语八级翻译-20及答案解析.doc

1、专业英语八级翻译-20及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.那年，一场变故悄悄潜入我家。先是母亲生病住院，体质本就羸弱的父亲，因为焦虑过度，也随即病倒，父母双双住进了医院。 太阳从西边落山，恐惧却从我的心头升起，那年我才十三岁。山村的夜色中，黑黢黢的远山像一幅剪纸阴森地贴在窗户的玻璃上，偌大的屋子里，只剩下我和妹妹。山中的狼群，一声接一声凄厉地哀嗥，常常将我和妹妹从梦中惊醒。 U我们住在一所山村学校，叫喊声未必能让远处的人家听见。忽然，我想起了口

2、哨母亲上体育课时用的口哨。鼓起胸腔，我拼命地让全部的气流吹出尽可能最大的声响。渐渐地，我听见了家门前由远及近嘈杂的脚步声，大声说话的声音。窗外交织着手电筒的光亮。我听见了乡亲们喊我的名字。开了门，一群人扛着锄头站在我家门前，他们都是周围我熟悉的乡亲。善良的黑脸，热切的目光，一群人由衷的关爱，驱散了我内心的恐惧。/U（分数：15.00）_2.据说，上海男人是最好的丈夫。他们总是知道该如何讨妻子的欢心，从而避免了矛盾，一家人其乐融融。所以从某种程度上讲。上海男人是社会安定和谐的象征。当妻子快乐时，U他也快乐，因而整个城市也充满了快乐气氛。虽然上海男人被戏谑为“妻管严”，但他并不屈从于妻子。在与妻子

3、有争议时，他要么保持沉默，要么一笑置之。有时候他会发火，但事后不久，他也会毫不迟疑地道歉。最终他妻子发现，她还是按照他的想法行事。上海男人聪明、务实，有时也相当圆滑。最令人印象深刻的是，上海男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。/U（分数：15.00）_3.中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。U早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代袁的儒家晕说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡

4、，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Society is commonly too cheap. We meet at very short intervals, not having had time to acquire any new value for each other. We meet at meals three times a day, and give each other a new ta

5、ste of that old musty cheese that we are. We have had to agree on a certain set of rules, called etiquette and politeness, to make this frequent meeting tolerable and that we need not come to open war. We meet at the post-office, and at the sociable, and about the fireside every night; we live thick

6、 and are in each others way, and stumble over one another, and I think that we thus lose some respect for one another. Certainly less frequency would suffice for all important and hearty communications. Consider the girls in a factorynever alone, hardly in their dreams. It would be better if there w

7、ere but one inhabitant to a square mile, as where I live. The value of a man is not in his skin, that we should touch him.（分数：15.00）_5.The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size. Absorbed in their work they did it. They did it so well that the wond

8、ering world saw them to be great, and labeled them accordingly. To live with a high ideal is a successful life. It is not what one does, but what one tries to do, that makes a man strong. Eternal vigilance, it has been said, is the price of liberty. With equal truth it may be said, Unceasing effort

9、is the price of success. If we do not work with our might, others will; they will outstrip us in the race, and pluck the prize from our grasp. Success grows less and less dependent on luck and chance. Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures. The great and indispensable help to success is

10、character. Character is crystallized habit, the result of training and conviction. Every character is influenced by heredity, environment and education. But these apart, if every man were not to a great extent the architect of his own character, he would be a fatalist, an irresponsible creature of c

11、ircumstances.（分数：15.00）_6.Tomorrow, when it came, proved to be black and cold, a day of pouring rain. As they filed through the narrow, crowded streets, that harsh Norman city presented no very cheering aspect. They were glad, at last, to find the waterside, to go out on the bridge and breathe the a

12、ir in the great open space over the river, away from the clatter of cart-wheels and the hard voices and crafty faces of these townspeople, who seemed rough and unfriendly. From the bridge they looked up at the white chalk hills, the tops a blur of intense green under the low, lead-coloured sky. They

13、 watched the fleets of broad, deep-set river barges, coming and going under their feet, with tilted smoke-stacks. Only a little way up that river was Paris, the place where every doughboy meant to go; and as they leaned on the rail and looked down at the slow-flowing water, each one had in his mind

14、a confused picture of what it would be like.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-20答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.那年，一场变故悄悄潜入我家。先是母亲生病住院，体质本就羸弱的父亲，因为焦虑过度，也随即病倒，父母双双住进了医院。 太阳从西边落山，恐惧却从我的心头升起，那年我才十三岁。山村的夜色中，黑黢黢的远山像一幅剪纸阴森地贴在窗户的玻璃上，偌大的屋子里，只剩下我和妹妹。山中的狼群，一声接一声凄

15、厉地哀嗥，常常将我和妹妹从梦中惊醒。 U我们住在一所山村学校，叫喊声未必能让远处的人家听见。忽然，我想起了口哨母亲上体育课时用的口哨。鼓起胸腔，我拼命地让全部的气流吹出尽可能最大的声响。渐渐地，我听见了家门前由远及近嘈杂的脚步声，大声说话的声音。窗外交织着手电筒的光亮。我听见了乡亲们喊我的名字。开了门，一群人扛着锄头站在我家门前，他们都是周围我熟悉的乡亲。善良的黑脸，热切的目光，一群人由衷的关爱，驱散了我内心的恐惧。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Because we lived in a village school, cries for help were pretty unlike

16、ly to be heard by the villagers in the distant houses. Then I thought of the whistlethe one used by my Morn for her PE class. Breathing deeply, I mustered all my strength to blow it as loud as possible. Soon I heard noisy footsteps and loud voices from afar approaching the door of our home. I could

17、see criss-crossing beams from flashlights outside the window. I heard my name being called by the villagers. When I opened the door, I saw standing there were a group of familiar villagers, all with hoes on their shoulders. The very sight of their swarthy faces glowing with kindness, and their earne

18、st eyes filled with a sincere, deep concern, drove the fear away from my heart.)解析：解析 1叫喊声：应指呼救声，可译为cries for help。 2未必能：可译为were pretty unlikely to。 3鼓起胸腔：指深呼吸，故可译为分词短语breathing deeply。 4拼命地：可转译为动词mustered all my strength或gathered all my strength。 5渐渐地：译为soon或gradually均可。 6家门前由远及近嘈杂的脚步声，大声说话的声音：指这些声

19、音渐渐走近我家门口，可译为noisy footsteps and loud voices from afar approaching the door of our home。 7交织着手电筒的光亮：可转译为名词短语criss-crossing beams from flashlights。 8开了门，一群人扛着锄头站在我家门前。他们都是周围我熟悉的乡亲：“开了门”为无主句，同样要译出主语I，该部分可译为when引导的时间状语从句。 9一群人扛着锄头站在我家门前。他们都是周围我熟悉的乡亲：为我看到的情景，故也需增译出主谓语I saw。该部分可调整语序，译为I saw standing ther

20、e were a group of familiar villagers, all with hoes on their shoulders. 10热切的目光，一群人由衷的关爱：可合译为their earnest eyes filled with a sincere，deep concern；“驱散”可译为drive.away；“黑脸”不宜按字面意思译为black faces，此处应指皮肤黝黑，故译为swarthy faces更地道些。2.据说，上海男人是最好的丈夫。他们总是知道该如何讨妻子的欢心，从而避免了矛盾，一家人其乐融融。所以从某种程度上讲。上海男人是社会安定和谐的象征。当妻子快乐时，

21、U他也快乐，因而整个城市也充满了快乐气氛。虽然上海男人被戏谑为“妻管严”，但他并不屈从于妻子。在与妻子有争议时，他要么保持沉默，要么一笑置之。有时候他会发火，但事后不久，他也会毫不迟疑地道歉。最终他妻子发现，她还是按照他的想法行事。上海男人聪明、务实，有时也相当圆滑。最令人印象深刻的是，上海男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(To some extent, Shanghai men can be regarded as the symbol of social security and harmony. They are joyful

22、 whenever their wives are, thus filling the whole city of Shanghai with happiness. Shanghai men are jokingly called hen-pecked husbands. However, they will never yield to their wives but remain silent or smile away the quarrels. And they will apologize without hesitation shortly after they lose thei

23、r temper, which is a rarity. Finally, their wives find themselves complying with what their husbands say, Shanghai men are smart and practical and even slippery, but what impresses most is that they are aggressive in their career and responsible to their families and respectful to females.)解析：解析 1社会

24、安定：宜译为social security。 2快乐气氛：亦可译为felicity。 3妻管严：译为hen-pecked husbands。 4屈从于：最好译为yield to。 5一笑置之：译为smile away。还可换用dismiss sth. with a laugh/smile或laugh off。 6发火：表达方式有多种，除lose temper之外，还有get angry、flare up、hit the ceiling、fly into a rage和go through the roof等多种。 7毫不迟疑地：除可用without hesitation之外，亦可用unhesi

25、tatingly。 8务实：亦可译为pragmatic。 9圆滑：亦可译为smooth and wily、slick and sly或tactful。 10有进取心：亦可译为enterprising。 11尊重女性：亦可译为respectful to the fair sex。3.中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。U早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代袁的儒家晕说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下

26、兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Leo Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the hi

27、story of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, the masters hundred schools. From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yet- sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic. For example, they lay stress on the importance o

28、f kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that the world is for all, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country and long suffering and hard working diligence and frugality in househo

29、ld management, and respecting teachers and valuing education. All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.)解析：解析 1早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说。以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派：这是汉语中典型的“无主句”，翻译时可选用英语中的there+emerge句型译出。 2孔子：译作Confucius，为固定译法，不能拼

30、音翻译。 3孟子：译为Mencius，固定译法，不能拼音翻译。 4这就是有名的诸子百家：虽然在原文中系一句话，但在英译文中却可以作为前一句的附加成分，所以处理为an being covered by the famous term, the masters hundred schools。 5孙中山：译为Dr. Sun Yat-sen，固定译法，不能拼音翻译。 6从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西：“许多人民性和民主性的好东西”是在描述“许多珍品”的性质，二者不是并列关系，“人民性”和“民主性”可分别处理为形容词populist和democratic

31、，由于前文已提及“珍品”，所以同义词“好东西”自然可以省略不译。 7强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德：此处均为常见熟语，具体翻译参见参考译文，考生对这类熟语的英译应有较多积累。 8起到的作用：译为play a role/part in doing sth. 。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：50.00)4.Society is commonly too cheap. We meet at very short intervals, not having had time to acquire

32、 any new value for each other. We meet at meals three times a day, and give each other a new taste of that old musty cheese that we are. We have had to agree on a certain set of rules, called etiquette and politeness, to make this frequent meeting tolerable and that we need not come to open war. We

33、meet at the post-office, and at the sociable, and about the fireside every night; we live thick and are in each others way, and stumble over one another, and I think that we thus lose some respect for one another. Certainly less frequency would suffice for all important and hearty communications. Co

34、nsider the girls in a factorynever alone, hardly in their dreams. It would be better if there were but one inhabitant to a square mile, as where I live. The value of a man is not in his skin, that we should touch him.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(与人交往常因唾手可得而毫无价值，我们的相聚是如此频繁，以至于来不及让彼此获得任何新的有价值的东西。我们在一日三餐的时间里见面，大家重

35、新相互品尝我们这些陈腐乳酪的味道。我们必须一致同意若干条礼节习俗，这些是我们所谓的礼尚往来，以便使这种频繁的碰面变得可以忍受，大家相安无事地相处，避免出现争吵。我们在邮局碰面，在各种社交场合碰面，在每晚的火炉边碰面；我们的生活太拥挤，相互干扰，彼此牵扯到一起，因此我认为，我们之间已经太缺乏相互尊重了。当然，也有重要而热忱的聚会，次数少一点也就足够了。想想工厂中的女工们，生活中永远不会有自己独立的空间，甚至连做梦都不会是一个人。如果一个人能住上一平方英里，就像我住的地方一样，那情况就会好得多。人们交往的价值不在于有肌肤之亲，而在心有灵犀。)解析：解析 1not having had time：可

36、译为“来不及”。 2old musty cheese：可译为“陈腐乳酪”。 3a certain set of rules：可译为“若干条礼节习俗”。 4at the sociable：可译为“在各种社交场合”。 5in each others way：指“互相干扰”。 6stumble over：本义为“绊倒”，故stumble over one another可译为“彼此牵扯到一起”。 7suffice for：可译为“满足，足够”。 8hardly in their dreams：根据语境应具体译为“甚至连做梦都不会是一个人”。 9never alone：不宜译为“从不孤独”，因为该句承

37、接上文提到生活空间拥挤，且工厂本来就人口密集，因此该短语可具体译为“生活中永远不会有自己独立的空间”。 10The value of a man is not in his skin，that we should touch him：此句比较隐晦，翻译时需把真正隐含的意思体现出来，即该句需增译“而在心有灵犀”。5.The men of history were not perpetually looking into the mirror to make sure of their own size. Absorbed in their work they did it. They did i

38、t so well that the wondering world saw them to be great, and labeled them accordingly. To live with a high ideal is a successful life. It is not what one does, but what one tries to do, that makes a man strong. Eternal vigilance, it has been said, is the price of liberty. With equal truth it may be

39、said, Unceasing effort is the price of success. If we do not work with our might, others will; they will outstrip us in the race, and pluck the prize from our grasp. Success grows less and less dependent on luck and chance. Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures. The great and indispensa

40、ble help to success is character. Character is crystallized habit, the result of training and conviction. Every character is influenced by heredity, environment and education. But these apart, if every man were not to a great extent the architect of his own character, he would be a fatalist, an irre

41、sponsible creature of circumstances.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(历史长河中的伟人并不是靠终日瞻观镜中的自己来衡量自身的形象。他们的形象来自对事业全身心的投入与追求。他们是如此地卓越超凡，于是好奇的芸芸众生觉得他们很伟大，并因此称他们为伟人。为崇高的理想而活着是一种成功的生活。使人变强大的，不是这个人做了什么，而是他努力尝试去做什么。 有人说过，“恒久的警惕是自由的代价”，那同样也可以说，“不懈的努力是成功的代价”。倘若我们不尽全力工作，别人会，随后他们将在竞争中超越我们，从我们手中夺取胜利的果实。 成功越来越不取决于运气和巧合。不自信是我们失败的主要原

42、因。 性格是取得成功不可或缺的重要助力。性格是一种固化成形的习惯，是不断培养并坚信于此的结果。每个人的性格都会受到遗传因素、环境和教育的影响。但除此之外，如果人在很大程度上不能塑造自己的性格，那么他就会沦为宿命论者，从而成为环境的失败造物。)解析：解析 1The men of history：可译为“历史长河中的伟人”。 2perpetually：本义为“终身地”，在此可译为“终E1”。 3make sure of their own size：可译为“衡量自身的形象”。 4Absorbed in their work they did it：句中it指代上句的their own size，翻

43、译时具体译出。absorbed in their work可译为“对事业全身心的投入与追求”。 5they did it so well：可译为“他们是如此地卓越超凡”。 6label：本义为“把归类”，故labeled them accordingly可译为“因此称他们为伟人”。 7It is not what one does, but what one tries to do, that makes a man strong：此句是个前重心强调句式，可调整语序，译为汉语后重心句“使人变强大的，不是这个人做了什么，而是他努力尝试去做什么”。 8Eternal vigilance, it h

44、as been said, is the price of liberty.：此句先译出插入语it has been said“有人说过”；eternal vigilance译为“恒久的警惕”。 9unceasing effort：可译为“不懈的努力”。 10work with our might：可译为“尽全力工作”。 11outstrip：指“超过”。 12pluck：指“抓住，摘取”。 13crystallized：指“固定的，确定的”。 14conviction：本义为“信念，深信”，在此可转译为动词词组“坚信于此”。 15architect of his own character：

45、可转译为动词词组“塑造自己的性格”。6.Tomorrow, when it came, proved to be black and cold, a day of pouring rain. As they filed through the narrow, crowded streets, that harsh Norman city presented no very cheering aspect. They were glad, at last, to find the waterside, to go out on the bridge and breathe the air in the great open space over the river, away from the clatter of cart-wheels and the hard voices and crafty faces of these townspeople, who seemed rough and unfriendly. From the bridge they looked up at the white chalk hills, the tops a blur of intense green