专业英语八级翻译-9及答案解析.doc

1、专业英语八级翻译-9及答案解析 (总分：95.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.U学问要有根底，根底要打得平正坚实，以后永远受用。初学阶段的科目之最重要的莫过于语文与数学。语文是阅读达意的工具，国文不通便很难表达自己，外国文不通便很难吸取外来的新知。数学是思想条理这最好的训练。其他科目也各有各的用处，其重要性很难强分轩轾，例如体育，从一方面看也是重要得无以复加。总之，我们在求学时代，应该暂时且把趣味放在一旁，耐着性子接受教育的纪律，把自己锻炼成为坚实的材料。/U学问的趣

2、味，留在将来慢慢享受一点也不迟。（分数：15.00）_2.有一种人我最不喜欢和他下棋，那便是太有涵养的人。杀死他一大块，或是抽了他一个车，他神色自若，不动火，不生气，好像是无关痛痒，使你觉得索然寡味。君子无所争，下棋却是要争的。U当你给对方一个严重威胁的时候，对方的头上青筋暴露，黄豆般的汗珠一颗颗地在额头上陈列出来，或哭丧着脸作惨笑，或咕嘟咕嘟作吃屎状，或抓耳挠腮，或大叫一声，或长吁短叹，或自怨自艾口中念念有词，或一串串地噎嗝打个不休，可红头涨脸如关公，种种现象，不一而足。这时节你“行有余力”便可以点起一支烟，可啜一啘茶，静静地欣赏对方的苦闷的象征。我想猎人追逐一只野兔的时候，其愉快大概略相仿

3、佛。/U（分数：15.00）_3.由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。U就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只能算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确是有浓厚的趣味。/U（分数：20.00）_三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：45.00)4.Divorce is transforming the lives of American chil

4、dren. In the past World War II generation, more than 80 percent of children grew up with both biological parents. Today only half will do so. Each year more than a million children experience family breakup: about as many are born out of wedlock. At the same time, the problems associated with family

5、 disruption have grown. Overall child well-being has declined, despite historically high public spending. The teen suicide rate has almost tripled. Juvenile crime has increased and become more violent. School performance has been poor. Over the past 25 years Americans have been conducting a vast nat

6、ural experiment in family life. The results are becoming clear. Adults have benefited from the changes, but not children. Indeed, this may be the first generation to do worse psychologically and socially than their parents. The novelist Pat Conroy has observed that Each divorce is the death of a sma

7、ll civilization. No one feels this more acutely than children.（分数：15.00）_5.Todays policemen in large cities throughout the world rely on modem inventions to help them in their work. In most places motor scooters and police patrol cars have done away with the need to patrol on foot or on horseback. P

8、olicemen use telephones, conveniently located throughout their districts, to make immediate contact with headquarters. Radio, television, and computers help to speed the work of the modem force. Even boats and helicopters are part of the equipment of metropolitan police departments. New technical in

9、ventions are widely used to fight crime and speed the solution for criminal cases. Electronic computer reduce from hours to minutes the time spent in searching for fingerprints. Witnesss descriptions of a criminal are coded and fed into a computer. The machine then sorts through the picture file of

10、known criminals and selects the name and photograph of the most likely suspect. Lie detectors are used to uncover the truth.（分数：15.00）_6.Petroleum is essentially a nonrenewable natural resource, an almost useless mixture comprised of very useful substances. It exists underground in liquid, solid, se

11、misolid, and gaseous states. The name petroleum is derived from the Latin words petra and oleum, meaning rock oil. Created only by nature but exploited by man, petroleum is a nonrenewable resource because people consume it approximately one million times faster than nature can create it. Timber is a

12、 renewable natural resource; it can be harvested, replanted, and then reharvested in a few decades. In a sense, petroleum seeds are being planted today because the natural processes that create petroleum occur continuously. However, the results cannot be harvested for many millions of years. The pet

13、roleum that man harvests today was planted 30-6,000 million years ago! That is why petroleum is considered nonrenewable.（分数：15.00）_专业英语八级翻译-9答案解析 (总分：95.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSECTION A CHINE(总题数：3，分数：50.00)1.U学问要有根底，根底要打得平正坚实，以后永远受用。初学阶段的科目之最重要的莫过于语文与数学。语文是阅读达意的工具，国文不通便很难表达自

14、己，外国文不通便很难吸取外来的新知。数学是思想条理这最好的训练。其他科目也各有各的用处，其重要性很难强分轩轾，例如体育，从一方面看也是重要得无以复加。总之，我们在求学时代，应该暂时且把趣味放在一旁，耐着性子接受教育的纪律，把自己锻炼成为坚实的材料。/U学问的趣味，留在将来慢慢享受一点也不迟。（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Laying a solid foundation for learning will be of great life-long benefit to you. Of all the school subjects during the preliminary stage

15、 of learning, languages and mathematics are the most important. Languages serve as a tool for reading and communication. Without a good knowledge of Chinese, you will find it difficult to express yourself. Without a good knowledge of a foreign language, you will find it difficult to absorb new knowl

16、edge from abroad. Mathematics makes for logical thinking. Other subjects also have their respective uses. It is hard to say which is more important. Physical education, for example, is also extremely important for another point of view. In short, while in school, we should temporarily put aside our

17、personal liking and patiently observe school discipline so that we may temper ourselves and become solid stuff.)解析：解析 1学问要有根底，根底要打得平正坚实，以后永远受用：此句所表达的意思是“打牢学问根底将受益终生”，因此可合译为一个句子Laying a solid foundation for learning will be of great life-long benefit to you。 2初学阶段：可译为during the preliminary stage of l

18、earning。 3语文：不宜译为Chinese，因为此处的“语文”并不仅指中文，而统指语言，故译为languages更稳妥些。 4达意：指的是“交流”，可译为communicate。 5不通：可译为without a good knowledge of。 6数学是思想条理之最好的训练：指的是数学对逻辑思维有帮助，因此可译为Mathematics makes for logical thinking. 7其他科目也各有各的用处，其重要性很难强分轩轾，例如体育，从一方面看也是重要得无以复加：此句可拆译为三个独立的句子。第一部分“其他科目也各有各的用处”可译为Other subjects also

19、 have their respective uses. 第二部分“其重要性很难强分轩轾”译为It is hard to say which is more important. 即可。第三部分中“重要得无以复加”可译为is extremely important。 8总之，我们在求学时代，应该暂时且把趣味放在一旁，耐着性子接受教育的纪律。把自己锻炼成为坚实的材料：句中“求学时代”译为while in school即可；“把自己锻炼成为坚实的材料”是“应该暂时且接受教育的纪律”的目的，因而可在译文中增译连词so that或in order that来表示这种逻辑关系。“耐着性子”译为副词pat

20、iently即可，“接受教育的纪律”即遵守学校的纪律，译为observe school discipline。2.有一种人我最不喜欢和他下棋，那便是太有涵养的人。杀死他一大块，或是抽了他一个车，他神色自若，不动火，不生气，好像是无关痛痒，使你觉得索然寡味。君子无所争，下棋却是要争的。U当你给对方一个严重威胁的时候，对方的头上青筋暴露，黄豆般的汗珠一颗颗地在额头上陈列出来，或哭丧着脸作惨笑，或咕嘟咕嘟作吃屎状，或抓耳挠腮，或大叫一声，或长吁短叹，或自怨自艾口中念念有词，或一串串地噎嗝打个不休，可红头涨脸如关公，种种现象，不一而足。这时节你“行有余力”便可以点起一支烟，可啜一啘茶，静静地欣赏对方的

21、苦闷的象征。我想猎人追逐一只野兔的时候，其愉快大概略相仿佛。/U（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(When you put him on the spot, you can expect to see blue veins standing out on his temples and drops of sweat with the same size of soybean appearing on his forehead. He will either wear a wan smile on his long face, or purse his lips in displeasure,

22、or scratch his head, or let out a sharp cry, or sigh and groan, or bitterly repent his folly, or keep hiccupping unceasingly, or flush crimson with shame, and suchlike. And at such a moment, feeling carefree, you can light a cigarette or just take a sip from your teacup and savor the signs of your o

23、pponents discomfort. The pleasure you have from it, I believe, is by no means less than that a hunter gets from a deadbeat rabbit at his mercy.)解析：解析 1给一个威胁：可译为put.on the spot。 2青筋暴露：可译为blue veins standing out。 3黄豆般的汗珠一颗颗地在额上陈列出来：可译为drops of sweat with the same size of soybean appearing on his foreh

24、ead。 4或哭丧着脸作惨笑，或咕嘟着嘴作吃屎状，或抓耳挠腮，或大叫一声，或长吁短叹，或自怨自艾口中念念有词，或一串串地噎嗝打个不休，或红头涨脸如关公：此句为无主句，译时要增译出主语he。从“或或”的结构可以知道此处要用到either.or.结构。 5哭丧着脸作惨笑：“惨笑”可译成a wan smile，“哭丧着脸”可译成wear/draw/put on a long face。故此句可译为wear a wan smile on a long face。 6咕嘟着嘴作吃屎状：“咕嘟着嘴”就是“撅嘴”，译为purse，“作吃屎状”形容人生气、愤怒的样子，这里宜用意译，可译成in displeas

25、ure。 7抓耳挠腮：有固定译法，译为scratch ones head。 8长吁短叹：可译为sigh and groan。 9自怨自艾口中念念有词：此处表达含义重复，只要译出repent ones folly即可。 10种种现象，不一而足：固定译法为suchlike。 11这时节你“行有余力”便可以点起一支烟：句中“行有余力”形容人无忧无虑、悠然自得的一种状态，可以译成现在分词短语feeling carefree。 12我想猎人追逐一只野兔的时候，其愉快大概略相仿佛：可直译为The pleasure you have from it, I believe, is by no means le

26、ss than that a hunter gets from a deadbeat rabbit at his mercy.3.由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。U就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只能算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确是有浓厚的趣味。/U（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(Even when it comes to the 4 year

27、s college career, what has been delivered to us is still rather superficial. People usually call university the highest institution of learning, which is likely to cause misunderstanding that as if there were no other knowledge above this level. It is graduate school in a university that is the plac

28、e to do research work at a basic level. However, even if you work in such places, you just touch the hedge slightly. What has been being stressed is the way to do research and practice. Knowledge is infinite, and time is limited even though you devote your lifetime to it. In view of this, people lea

29、rn to an old age in order to acquire knowledge centuries ago, so much so that as their hair grow all white, they still keep studying. Yet, it is really interesting to do such research work.)解析：解析 1粗浅的：此处指的是“粗浅的”知识，所以使用superficial，而不能用表示物理上“浅的”之意的shallow。 2世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解：此句后半句是对前半句的总结评论，“这”指的就

30、是世人称大学为“最高学府”这件事，所以可以翻译成定语从句。此句译为People usually call university the highest institution of learning, which is likely to cause misunderstanding。 3大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在：此部分在翻译过程中要注意：1)汉语中明显有强调的成分，所以需要使用英语的强调句进行翻译；2)与后半句之间虽然没有明显的表示逻辑关系的词语，但是两者之间明显是转折关系，在翻译时要加上相应的词语。此句译为It is graduate school in a university

31、 that is the place to do research work at a basic level. 4粗涉藩篱：可译为touch the hedge slightly。 5学无止境：可译为Knowledge is infinite。 6皓首穷经：可译为people learn to an old age in order to acquire knowledge。三、BSECTION B ENGLI(总题数：3，分数：45.00)4.Divorce is transforming the lives of American children. In the past World

32、War II generation, more than 80 percent of children grew up with both biological parents. Today only half will do so. Each year more than a million children experience family breakup: about as many are born out of wedlock. At the same time, the problems associated with family disruption have grown.

33、Overall child well-being has declined, despite historically high public spending. The teen suicide rate has almost tripled. Juvenile crime has increased and become more violent. School performance has been poor. Over the past 25 years Americans have been conducting a vast natural experiment in famil

34、y life. The results are becoming clear. Adults have benefited from the changes, but not children. Indeed, this may be the first generation to do worse psychologically and socially than their parents. The novelist Pat Conroy has observed that Each divorce is the death of a small civilization. No one

35、feels this more acutely than children.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：(离婚正改变着美国孩子的生活。在“二战”后成长起来的一代人中，有80%以上的孩子都在亲生父母身边长大。今天只有50%的孩子是如此，每年有100多万的孩子经历家庭破裂。这与私生子女的数量大体相当。 与此同时，由于家庭破裂所带来的问题日渐增多。尽管政府公共资助力度达到历史高点，孩子的总体幸福水平却下降了。青少年自杀率翻了三番，青少年犯罪率也上升了，他们的暴力行为也增加了，在学校的表现也一直不好。 在过去的25年里，美国人一直在进行家庭生活中的一项规模宏大的自然实验。其结果已日渐明朗。成人从变

36、化中受益，而儿童则不然。确实，这可能是在心理上、社交方面比父辈做得更差的第一代子女。 小说家帕特康罗伊发现，“每一次离婚都是个小的文明社会的泯灭”。没有人比儿童更能感受到这一点了。)解析：解析 1biological parents：可译为“亲生父母，生身父母”。 2born out of wedlock：译为“非婚生的，私生的”。 3family disruption：与前文中的family breakup同义，译为“家庭分裂，家庭破碎”。 4.despite historically high public spending：despite后接的是动名词，作让步状语，historicall

37、y可译为“历史上地，历来”。 5The teen suicide rate has almost tripled：the teen suicide rate译为“青少年自杀率”，triple意为“增至三倍”。 6Juvenile crime：是固定搭配，译为“青少年犯罪”。 7conducting a vast natural experiment：conduct a experiment意为“做实验，进行一项实验”。 8acutely：译为“剧烈地，强烈地”。5.Todays policemen in large cities throughout the world rely on mod

38、em inventions to help them in their work. In most places motor scooters and police patrol cars have done away with the need to patrol on foot or on horseback. Policemen use telephones, conveniently located throughout their districts, to make immediate contact with headquarters. Radio, television, an

39、d computers help to speed the work of the modem force. Even boats and helicopters are part of the equipment of metropolitan police departments. New technical inventions are widely used to fight crime and speed the solution for criminal cases. Electronic computer reduce from hours to minutes the time

40、 spent in searching for fingerprints. Witnesss descriptions of a criminal are coded and fed into a computer. The machine then sorts through the picture file of known criminals and selects the name and photograph of the most likely suspect. Lie detectors are used to uncover the truth.（分数：15.00）_正确答案：

41、(今天，全球很多大城市的警察都借助现代发明进行工作。在大多数地方，驾驶小摩托车和警察巡逻车已经取代了步行或在马背上巡逻的做法。各区便捷的电话网使警察能及时与总部取得联系；无线电、电视、计算机也有助于提高现代警察的工作效率；甚至连船只和直升机也成了一些大城市警察部门的装备。新技术发明广泛运用于打击犯罪，加速案件侦破，计算机将搜索指纹所花费的时间由几小时减少到几分钟。证人对罪犯的描述被编码并输入计算机，计算机将所掌握的罪犯照片案卷进行分类，选出重大嫌疑犯的姓名和照片；测谎仪也用于帮助揭露真相。)解析：解析 1motor scooters：意为“小型摩托车”。 2police patrol cars

42、：可译为“警察巡逻车”。 3done away with：do away with意为“废除，取消，丢掉”。 4make immediate contact with：可译为“及时与联系”。 5speed the work of the modern force：speed作动词时意为“加快的速度”，force有“军力，兵力”的意思，这里可译为“警力”，故整句可译为“提高现代警察的工作效率”。 6metropolitan：意为“大都市的”。 7Electronic computer reduce from hours to minutes the time spent in searching

43、 for fingerprints：若把本句中的状语from hours to minutes放到最后，变成Electronic computer reduce the time spent in searching for fingerprints from hours to minutes. 理解起来就相当容易了；spent in searching for fingerprints是过去分词作后置定语修饰the time，Electronic computer就是电脑，fingerprint意为“指纹”。 8feed into：意为“输入”。 9lie detectors：意为“测谎仪”

44、。 10uncover the truth：可译为“揭露真相”。6.Petroleum is essentially a nonrenewable natural resource, an almost useless mixture comprised of very useful substances. It exists underground in liquid, solid, semisolid, and gaseous states. The name petroleum is derived from the Latin words petra and oleum, meanin

45、g rock oil. Created only by nature but exploited by man, petroleum is a nonrenewable resource because people consume it approximately one million times faster than nature can create it. Timber is a renewable natural resource; it can be harvested, replanted, and then reharvested in a few decades. In a sense, petroleum seeds are being planted today because the natural processes that create petroleum occur continuously. However, the results cannot be harvested for many millions of years. The petroleum that man harvests today was planted 30-6,0