专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(一)及答案解析.doc

1、专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(一)及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.The two boats started off in the dark. Nick heard the oarlocks of the other boat quite a way ahead of them in the mist. The Indians rowed with quick choppy strokes. Nick lay back with his fa

2、thers arm around him. It was cold on the water. The Indian who was rowing them was working very hard, but the other boat moved further ahead in the mist all the time. Where are we going, Dad? Nick asked. Over to the Indian camp. There is an Indian lady very sick. Oh, said Nick. Across the bay they f

3、ound the other boat beached. Uncle George was smoking a cigar in the dark. The young Indian pulled the boat way up on the beach. Uncle George gave both the Indians cigars. They walked up from the beach through a meadow that was soaking wet with dew, following the young Indian who carried a lantern.

4、Then they went into the woods and followed a trail that led to the logging road that ran back into the hills. It was much lighter on the logging road as the timber was cut away on both sides. The young Indian stopped and blew out his lantern and they all walked on along the road.（分数：20.00）_2.There w

5、ere eight Japanese gentlemen having a fish dinner at Bentleys. They spoke to each other rarely in their incomprehensible tongue, but always with a courteous smile and often with a small bow. UAll but one of them wore glasses. Sometimes the pretty girl who sat in the window beyond gave them a passing

6、 glance, but her own problem seemed too serious for her to pay real attention to anyone in the world except herself and her companion/U. UShe had thin blond hair and her face was pretty and petite in a Regency way, oval like a miniature, though she had a harsh way of speakingperhaps the accent of th

7、e school, Roedean or Cheltenham Ladies College, which she had not long ago left. She wore a mans signet-ring on her engagement finger, and as I sat down at my table, with the Japanese gentlemen between us, she said, So you see we could marry next week./U UYes?/U UHer companion appeared a little dist

8、raught. He refilled their glasses with Chablis and said, Of course, but Mother./U I missed some of the conversation then, because the eldest Japanese gentleman leant across the table, with a smile and a little bow, and uttered a whole paragraph like the mutter from an aviary, while everyone bent tow

9、ards him and smiled and listened, and I couldnt help attending to him myself.（分数：20.00）_3.But Mulan was a child of Peking. She had grown up there and had drunk in all the richness of life of the city which enveloped its inhabitants like a great mother soft toward all her childrens requests, fulfilli

10、ng all their whims and desires, or like a huge thousand-year-old tree in which the insects making their home in one branch did not know what the insects in the other branch were doing. UShe had learned from Peking its tolerance, geniality, and urbanity, as we all in our formative years catch somethi

11、ng of the city and country we live in. She had grown up with the yellow-roofed palaces and the purple and greenroofed temples, the broad boulevards and the long, crooked alleys, the busy thoroughfares and the quiet districts that were almost rural in their effect; the common mans homes with their in

12、evitable pomegranate trees and jars of goldfish, no less than the rich mans mansions and gardens; the open-air tea houses where men loll on rattan armchairs under cypress tress, spending twenty cents for a whole afternoon in summer; the enclosed teashops where in winter men eat steaming-hot mutton f

13、ried with onion and drink pehkan and where the great rub shoulders with the humble; the wonderful theaters, the beautiful restaurants, the bazaars, the lantern streets and the curio streets; the temple fairs which register the days of the month/U.（分数：20.00）_4.With an impatient gesture Daphne stubbed

14、 out a cigarette and checked her watch by the clock tower over the barmans head. Seven oclock. Bruce was 20 minutes late already. Another whisky, please. Hardly the thing to anticipate ones host perhaps, but you couldnt be expected to wait reciting nursery rhymes. If there was one thing which irrita

15、ted Daphne above all others it was to be kept waiting by a man. And tonight of all nights. She had chosen this little restaurant in the mountains above the lake with particular care. Not to mention a dash out earlier in the day to make sure of a secluded table and suitable music. Would it work? A vu

16、lgar, commonplace little plot perhaps. Butone simply had to be a realist. Poverty saw to that alright. Ready-made clothes, back bedrooms in hotels, cheap travel and a holiday at the end of the season. Add a widowed, and still attractive, motheran endurance test of loyaltywho merged chameleon-like in

17、to the background of her holiday. And what was the answer? Bruce?（分数：20.00）_5.The orphanage is high in the Carolina mountains. Sometimes in winter the snowdrifts are so deep that the institution is cut off from the village below, from all the world. Fog hides the mountain peaks, the snow swirls down

18、 the valleys and a wind blows so bitterly that the orphanage boys who take the milk twice daily to the baby cottage reach the door with fingers stiff in an agony of numbness. UI was there in the autumn. I wanted quiet, isolation, to do some troublesome writing. I wanted mountain air to blow out the

19、malaria from too long a time in the subtropics. I was homesick, too, for the flaming of maples in October, and for corn shocks and pumpkins and black-walnut trees and the lift of hills. I found them all, living in a cabin that belonged to the orphanage, half a mile beyond the orphanage farm. When I

20、took the cabin, I asked for a boy or man to come and chop wood for the fireplace. The first few days were warm; I found what wood I needed about the cabin; no one came, and I forgot the order./U UI looked up from my typewriter one late afternoon, a little startled. A boy stood at the door, and my po

21、inter dog, my companion, was at his side and had not barked to warn me. The boy was probably twelve years old, but undersized. He wore overalls and a torn shirt, and was barefooted/U. He said: I can chop some wood today. I said: But I have a boy coming from the orphanage. Im the boy. You? But youre

22、small. Size dont matter, chopping wood, he said. Some of the big boys dont chop good. Ive been chopping wood at the orphanage a long time.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(一)答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.The two boats started off in the dark. Nic

23、k heard the oarlocks of the other boat quite a way ahead of them in the mist. The Indians rowed with quick choppy strokes. Nick lay back with his fathers arm around him. It was cold on the water. The Indian who was rowing them was working very hard, but the other boat moved further ahead in the mist

24、 all the time. Where are we going, Dad? Nick asked. Over to the Indian camp. There is an Indian lady very sick. Oh, said Nick. Across the bay they found the other boat beached. Uncle George was smoking a cigar in the dark. The young Indian pulled the boat way up on the beach. Uncle George gave both

25、the Indians cigars. They walked up from the beach through a meadow that was soaking wet with dew, following the young Indian who carried a lantern. Then they went into the woods and followed a trail that led to the logging road that ran back into the hills. It was much lighter on the logging road as

26、 the timber was cut away on both sides. The young Indian stopped and blew out his lantern and they all walked on along the road.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(两只小船在苍茫夜色中出发了。寨子的那只小船远远地冲在前面，雾霭中尼克可以听到那船桨和桨架的撞击声。两个印第安人手摇船桨轻快地拍打着水面。尼克躺着，父亲用一只胳膊搂着他。水面上很凉。虽然划船的印第安人拼命追赶，前面的小船在夜雾中却越划越远。 “我们上哪儿去呀，爸爸?”尼克问。 “到对面印第安人的寨子里。那儿有个

27、印第安妇女病得很厉害。” “噢。”尼克答道。 从湖湾的水面远远望去，他们看见前面的那只船已经停泊在湖滩上。乔治大叔正摸着黑吸雪茄烟。那个年轻的印第安人将船拉到远离水面的沙滩上。乔治大叔给两个印第安人各递了一支雪茄。 他们一行跟着提灯笼的印第安小伙子离开湖滩，走进一片被露水打湿的草地，然后进了一个小树林，再沿着一条小路朝通往山里的运木材的大路走去。路两旁的树木已被砍伐，大路显得亮堂多了。年轻的印第安人停了一下，吹灭灯笼，然后大家沿着大路继续向前走去。)解析：解析 oarlocks：桨架。 choppy strokes：“choppy”意为“having many small waves; rou

28、gh(波涛汹涌的)”，这里指摇桨拍打着水面。 Over to the Indian camp：“over”表示“across (a street, an open space, etc)”，即“穿过，横过(街道、开阔地等)”。比如，“Take these letters over to the post office.(把这些信送到对面邮局去。)”又比如，“Let me row you over to the other side of the lake.(我把你划到湖对岸去吧。)”此句可译为：“到对面印第安人的寨子里。” Across the bay they found the other

29、 boat beached：“beach”作动词，表示“bring (esp. a boat or ship) on shore from out of the water”，即“(尤指船只)从水中推或拖至岸上”，故此句译为“从湖湾的水面远远望去，他们看见前面的那只船已经停泊在湖滩上。” They walked up from the beach through a meadow that was soaking wet with dew, following the young Indian who carried a lantern：翻译这句时，注意英语中的连贯与中文的连贯之间的差异。谋求

30、译文连贯是文学作品翻译的必经之路。通过调整语序，可译为“他们一行跟着提灯笼的印第安小伙子离开湖滩，走进一片被露水打湿的草地。”2.There were eight Japanese gentlemen having a fish dinner at Bentleys. They spoke to each other rarely in their incomprehensible tongue, but always with a courteous smile and often with a small bow. UAll but one of them wore glasses. So

31、metimes the pretty girl who sat in the window beyond gave them a passing glance, but her own problem seemed too serious for her to pay real attention to anyone in the world except herself and her companion/U. UShe had thin blond hair and her face was pretty and petite in a Regency way, oval like a m

32、iniature, though she had a harsh way of speakingperhaps the accent of the school, Roedean or Cheltenham Ladies College, which she had not long ago left. She wore a mans signet-ring on her engagement finger, and as I sat down at my table, with the Japanese gentlemen between us, she said, So you see w

33、e could marry next week./U UYes?/U UHer companion appeared a little distraught. He refilled their glasses with Chablis and said, Of course, but Mother./U I missed some of the conversation then, because the eldest Japanese gentleman leant across the table, with a smile and a little bow, and uttered a

34、 whole paragraph like the mutter from an aviary, while everyone bent towards him and smiled and listened, and I couldnt help attending to him myself.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(在本特利酒店里，有八位日本绅士在吃鱼餐。谁也不懂他们的话，但他们很少交谈，而说话时总是一副笑容可掬的样子，还时常微微鞠躬致意。U他们全戴眼镜，只有一位例外。有时，坐在外边临窗座位的漂亮姑娘漫不经心地瞟他们一眼，然而，她似乎全神贯注于自己的事情，除了她自己和她的同伴外，

35、世上任何人她都不会真正加以留意意的/U。 U她长着纤细的淡黄色头发，漂亮的鹅蛋脸小巧玲珑，颇符合摄政时期的风范，又像一帧袖珍肖像，不过她说起话来却粗声粗气也许，这是她刚刚离开的母校的腔调，譬如说罗狄恩或切尔特南女子学院。她的无名指上戴了一个男式图章戒指。我在自己的桌边坐下，同她之间隔着那些日本绅士。这时只听得她说，“所以，咱们完全可以下周就结婚。”/U U“是吗?”/U U她的同伴显得有点心神恍惚。他给他俩的杯子上又斟上夏布利酒，说：“没错儿，不过我妈”/U下面一段对话没有听清，因为最年长的那位日本绅士笑容满面地向前探了探身子，微微鞠了一躬，然后像鸟舍里发出叽喳声一般说了一大段话，而其他人都满

36、脸堆笑、点头哈腰地听着，于是我也情不自禁地注意起他来了。)解析：解析 They spoke to each other rarely.with a courteous smile.：(1)tongue：语言；口语。譬如，“native tongue(母语)/mother tongue(本国语)”；(2)rarely：修饰的是动词“spoke”，并非全句。不可译为“他们很少用那种不可理解的话语讲话”；(3)always with a courteous smile：修饰的是略去的主谓语(they spoke to each other)。如简单地译为“他们很少交谈，总是一副笑容可掬的样子”，读者

37、会误解为“他们不在交谈时总是”，因此需要在汉译英时补上省略的谓语“他们很少交谈，而说话时总是”。 sat in the window beyond：女主人公坐在凸出楼外、三面有窗的一翼(称为“bay window凸窗”，即从楼的外墙突出来的一连串窗子，里面形成一个凹壁)里，从叙述者的角度看，称为“beyond (the Japanese gentlemen)”。 passing：匆匆的，不经心的，表面的；随便的。a passing glance：匆匆一瞥。 her own problem seemed too serious for her to pay：一般将“too.to.”结构译为“太以

38、致”。但若此句译为“她自己的问题看来太严重了，以致她对”，有客观描述之嫌。而从下文可以看出，作者是指她把自己的事情看得过重(too serious for her)，从而说明了后文发生一系列“视若无睹”插曲的主观因素。 thin：此句表面上看没有什么难点，但“thin”这个单词的把握甚为重要。通常“thin”形容头发是指“稀疏(not closely packed)”。譬如，Your hairs getting thin.(你的头发愈来愈少了)。但作者笔下这样一位漂亮小巧的年轻姑娘怎么会头发稀疏呢?原来此处“thin”是“not great in diameter or cross secti

39、on; fine(细的直径或横断面小的；纤细的)”之意。譬如，“thin wire(细电线)”。由此可见，准确的理解是翻译的先决条件，必须认真从上下文，乃至通篇的角度来确定。 petite：意为“small, slender, and trim(娇小的，柔弱的，苗条的)”，用于少女或妇女。 Regency：指19世纪初英王乔治三世神经错乱后由其子摄政的时期，当时崇尚纤细小巧，女子以瘦小为美。 oval like a miniature：考虑汉语的表达习惯。原文描写脸“长得漂亮”和“像一样是椭圆形的”是并列关系。但汉语中就直接描述以“漂亮的鹅蛋脸”为宜。“like a miniature”乍一看

40、，前文“小巧玲珑(petite)”已经包括进去了，但细细品味作者的意图，才会发现它起到前后呼应的作用，在译文中要直译其具体形象“又像一帧袖珍肖像”才好。 signet-ring：“signet”指“图章；印章”，“signet-ring”指“图章戒指”。 between us：“us”这个代词在译为汉语时，不能简单化处理为“我们”，这样会造成语义混乱。分析上下文，不难发现“us”指“我”和“她”，宜作具体化翻译。3.But Mulan was a child of Peking. She had grown up there and had drunk in all the richness

41、of life of the city which enveloped its inhabitants like a great mother soft toward all her childrens requests, fulfilling all their whims and desires, or like a huge thousand-year-old tree in which the insects making their home in one branch did not know what the insects in the other branch were do

42、ing. UShe had learned from Peking its tolerance, geniality, and urbanity, as we all in our formative years catch something of the city and country we live in. She had grown up with the yellow-roofed palaces and the purple and greenroofed temples, the broad boulevards and the long, crooked alleys, th

43、e busy thoroughfares and the quiet districts that were almost rural in their effect; the common mans homes with their inevitable pomegranate trees and jars of goldfish, no less than the rich mans mansions and gardens; the open-air tea houses where men loll on rattan armchairs under cypress tress, sp

44、ending twenty cents for a whole afternoon in summer; the enclosed teashops where in winter men eat steaming-hot mutton fried with onion and drink pehkan and where the great rub shoulders with the humble; the wonderful theaters, the beautiful restaurants, the bazaars, the lantern streets and the curi

45、o streets; the temple fairs which register the days of the month/U.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(但是木兰是在北京长大的，陶醉在北京城内丰富的生活里，那种丰富的生活，对当地的居民就犹如伟大的慈母，对儿女的请求，温和而仁厚，对儿女的愿望，无不有求必应，对儿女的任性，无不宽容包涵，又像一棵千年老树，虫子在各枝丫上做巢居住，各自安居，对于其他各枝丫上居民的生活情况，茫然无所知。U从北京，木兰学到了容忍宽大，学到了亲切和蔼，学到了温文尔雅，就像我们童年是在故乡学到的东西一样。她是在黄琉璃瓦宫殿与紫绿琉璃瓦寺院的光彩气氛中长大的。她是

46、中宽广的林荫路，长曲的胡同，繁华的街道，宁静如田园的地方长大的。在那个地方，常人家里也有石榴树、金鱼缸，也不次于富人的宅第庭院。在那个地方，夏天在露天茶座儿上，人舒舒服服地坐着松柏树下的藤椅子品茶，花上两毛钱就耗过一个漫长的下午。在那个地方儿，在茶馆儿里，吃热腾腾的葱爆羊肉，喝白干儿酒，达官贵人，富商巨贾，与市井小民引车卖浆者，摩肩接踵，有令人惊叹不已的戏院，精美的饭馆子、市场、灯笼街、古玩街；有每月按期的庙会/U。)解析：解析 had drunk in all the richness of life of the city： “richness”由形容词转变而来，一般译成汉语时，考虑增加范畴词(category word)，可译为“丰富多彩的生活”。“the city”特指“北京城”。故整句译为“陶醉在北京城内丰富的生活里”。 fulfilling all their whims and desires: Whim means sudden desire or idea, especially unusua