专业英语八级翻译分类真题英译汉(一)及答案解析.doc

1、专业英语八级翻译分类真题英译汉(一)及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.It is simple enough to say that since books have classesfiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. UYet few people ask

2、 from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such pre

3、conception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if y

4、ou open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other/U. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your

5、author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.（分数：20.00）_2.On May 13, 1940, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament. He was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression, at a time when England

6、s survival was still in doubt. U. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering./U UYou ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all

7、 our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime./U UYou ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, victory. Victory at all costsvictory in spite of all terrorsvictory, however

8、long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival./U ULet that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal/U. But I

9、 take up my task with buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.（分数：20.00）_3.Scientific and technological advances are enabling

10、us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. Globalization is making the world smaller, fa

11、ster and richer. Still, 911, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our world is bursting with knowledgebut desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual live

12、s grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believedand I believe even more strongly todayin the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.（分数：20.00）_4.But, as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last ma

13、rried, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing moments for both our friends; th

14、ey understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new household, and must fulfill in some

15、 way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society.（分数：20.00）_5.We, the human species, are confr

16、onting a planetary emergency, a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential, even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well, we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst, though not all, of its consequences, if we act bold

17、ly, decisively and quickly. However, too many of the worlds leaders are still best described in the words Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitlers threat: They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, all powerful to be impotent. So today

18、, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-wanning pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun.（分数：20.00）_专业英语八

19、级翻译分类真题英译汉(一)答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、BTRANSLATION/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BENGLISH TO CHIN(总题数：5，分数：100.00)1.It is simple enough to say that since books have classesfiction, biography, poetrywe should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. UYet few people ask from

20、books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconcep

21、tion when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you ope

22、n your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other/U. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author

23、 is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(直译 书有不同的类别，小说、传记、诗歌，我们就应该把它们分别对待，从每种书中汲取其理应提供给我们的东西。这话说起来十分容易。U然而，很少有人去向书要该书所能提供给我们的东西。通常的情况是，我们总是皂白不分、带着自己那本不该有的不同见解去读一本书：读小说时却要求其情节真实，读诗歌时却要求其内容虚构，读传记时却要求其阿谀奉承，读史书时却要求其加深我们的偏见。如果我们读书时能抛弃所有这些成见，那将是一个极其难得的开端。不要对作

24、者发号施令，而应该尽量设身处地，与作者合作、共谋。如果你一开始就退而缩之，有所保留，而且对作者横加指责，你这是在自我设障，使自己无法从所读的书中获得最大的益处。但是，如果你能尽量敞开心扉，那么，开头几句迂回曲折的话里所包含的几乎不可觉察的细微和暗示，就会把你引领到一个独特的人物面前/U。倘若你能深入下去，熟悉这个人物，于是你很快就会发现，你的作者正在给予你，也许是竭力地在给予你，一些实实在在的东西。 意译 书，有门有类，如小说、传记、诗歌等等，所以，我们就应该把书分门别类，并从每个门类的书中汲取其理应给予我们的东西。这说来容易做来难。U实际上，很少有人合乎情理，要求从不同门类的书籍中得到它们所

25、能提供的东西。通常，我们读书时总是不分门类，与理相左，强求小说情节真实，诗歌内容虚构，传记阿谀奉承，史书加固我们原有的偏见。倘若我们读书时不带此成见，此开端必然可喜。不要让作者听从你，而应当竭尽全力，设身处地，与作者共谋，和作者同创。假如你退缩不前，有所保留，一开始读书便连批带评，这是自设障碍，使自己不能从书中最大受益。相反，如果你能尽量敞开心扉，那么，纵是开篇语言迂回曲折，所含的明标暗示微乎其微，近乎不可察觉，你也会心领神会，不知不觉，和一个独特的人物相会/U。深而入之，熟而悉之，你很快便发现，你的作者正在给予，竭尽全力地给予，而且他所给予的，超出想象，实实在在。)解析：解析 Blurred

26、 (minds)：不加鉴别，不分青红皂白。 divided (minds)：和他人(意见)不一致，找茬，英文解释是“disagreeing or differing in opinion”。常见的错误是望文生义，把该说法理解成“三心二意”。 banish：放弃，丢掉。常见的错误是把该词理解成“流放、逐放”。这个词有“流放、逐放”之义，也有“放弃、丢掉”之义，在这篇散文中该词的意思是后者，而不是前者。 preconception：成见，先人之见。 dictate：发号施令，要求他人绝对按照自己的意图做。 become him：站在作者的立场上，设身处地地看问题。2.On May 13, 1940

27、, Winston Churchill, the newly appointed British Prime Minister, gave his first speech to Parliament. He was preparing the people for a long battle against Nazi aggression, at a time when Englands survival was still in doubt. U. I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have befor

28、e us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering./U UYou ask, what is our policy? I say it is to wage war by land, sea and air. War with all our might and with all the strength God has given us, and to wage war against a monstrous tyranny never

29、surpassed in the dark and lamentable catalogue of human crime./U UYou ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, victory. Victory at all costsvictory in spite of all terrorsvictory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival./U ULet that be realized. No surv

30、ival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall move forward toward his goal/U. But I take up my task with buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among me

31、n. At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(直译 1940年5月13日，温斯顿丘吉尔这位新当选的英国首相向议会发表了他的第一次讲话。他在动员英国人民准备投入一场旷日持久的反纳粹战争。此时此刻，英国的存亡仍然处在变数之中。 U“我没有任何别的东西献出，除了热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。摆在我们面前的，是一场极其严酷的考验，是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。/U U

32、你们若问，我们的对策是什么?我的回答是：在陆上、海上、空中作战。尽我们的全力，尽上帝赋予我们的全部力量去作战，对人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。你们若问，我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答，那就是胜利。不惜一切代价，去夺取胜利不惧一切恐怖，去夺取胜利不论前路如何漫长、如何艰苦，去夺取胜利。因为没有胜利就不能生存。/U U我们务必认识到这一点：没有胜利，就没有大英帝国，没有胜利，就没有大英帝国所代表的一切，没有胜利，就没有多少世纪以来的强烈要求和冲动，这一人类应当向着自己目标迈进的冲动。”/U 我精神振奋、满怀信心地承担起我的任务。我确信，大家联合起来，我们的事业就不会遭到挫败。

33、在此时此刻的危急关头，我觉得我有权要求各方面的支持。我要说：“来吧，让我们群策群力，并肩前进!” 意译 1940年5月13日，温斯顿丘吉尔当选为英国首相后首次在议会发表讲话，旨在动员英国人民准备打一场持久的反纳粹战争。讲话之时，英国的存亡仍是个变数。 U“我所能献出的只有热血、劳苦、眼泪和汗水。我们所面临的是一场极其严酷的考验，是持久的斗争和长期的苦难。/U U你们若问：我们应该怎么办?我的回答是：海、陆、空全面开战。以我们的全力，以上帝赋予我们的全部力量，向人类那本既黑暗又悲哀的罪恶簿中的最凶残暴政开战。/U U你们若问，我们要实现什么目标?我可以用一个词来回答：胜利。是不惜一切代价也要夺取

34、的胜利，是不顾一切恐怖也要夺取的胜利，是不论道路如何漫长、如何艰苦也要夺取的胜利。因为，没有胜利，就不能生存。/U U我们务必认识到：没有胜利，大英帝国就不复存在；没有胜利，大英帝国所象征的一切就不能继续；没有胜利，那自古以来驱使人类迈向自己目标的动力就不能续存。”/U 作为首相，我精神振奋，满怀信心。我确信，人类是不会让我们的事业遭受挫败的。在此危急关头，我有权获得各方面的支持。我要高呼：“团结一致，群策群力，奋勇向前!”)解析：解析 nothing.but.：唯有；除之外别无 policy：对策；应对方法。 wage war：开战；作战。 Let that be realized：这里的“

35、that”指前面说过的“without victory, there is no survival”。 that mankind shall move forward toward his goal：是the impulse的同位语。3.Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same t

36、ime, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 911, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our worl

37、d is bursting with knowledgebut desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believedand I

38、 believe even more strongly todayin the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(直译 科技进步正在促使我们理解宇宙的边沿、物质的最基本成分以及生命的奇迹。 与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。 全球化正使我们的世界日益变小，发展日益加快，财富日益增多。尽管如此，911、禽流感及伊朗核问题提醒我们：这个日益变小、加快和增多的世界，并不必然是一个日益安全的世界。 我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要

39、智慧。现在，在(新闻采访的)原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了延迟性文章，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界需要的正是能够深思的大学毕业生。 考虑到这些理由，我过去相信今天甚至更加强烈地相信大学独特的、无可取代的使命。 意译 科技的进步使我们能够了解越来越多的宇宙奥秘、物质构成和生命奇迹。 同时，人类今天的所为和所不为不仅危害着地球上的生命，也危及地球自身的寿命。 全球化的确使世界越变越小，越变越快，越变越富有，不过，911、禽流感和伊朗核问题都提醒我们，世界更小更快未必就更安全。 我们的世界塞满了知识，但极其缺乏智慧。今天，新闻中受访人的原声播报越剪越短，延时性文本信息已被即时信息淘汰

40、，个人生活愈发疯狂，这样的世界正需要大学培养出来的那些富于深刻反思精神的人才。 因此，我相信，大学的独特使命无以取代。我过去就相信，我今天则更加相信。)解析：解析 the furthest reaches of the cosmos：宇宙的边沿；宇宙的最远方。 the actions, and inaction：种种作为和不为。注意名词复数的处理。 Iran：伊朗核问题。 sound bites：新闻报道中对受访人的原声播报。 instant messages：即时信息，即没有时间滞后的信息，其反义是“延时信息”。4.But, as has been true in many other ca

41、ses, when they were at last married, the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical. Instead of having shared their original duties, and as school-boys would say, going halves, they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled. This led to some distressing mo

42、ments for both our friends; they understood suddenly that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth, and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before, they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a new house

43、hold, and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement; they had been longing to have each other to themselves, apart from the world, but it seemed they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society.（分数：20.00）_正确答案

44、：(直译 但是，正如其他许多已经发生过的事情一样，当他们最终结婚后，发现最憧憬的生活变得再实际不过了。他们非但没有分担各自原本的责任正如那些学生们所说“一半一半”，相反却发现生活的重担加倍了。这使得我们那两个结婚的朋友时常觉得沮丧；他们突然发现自己并没有过着天堂般的生活而是仍实实在在地生活在地球上，而且成为新规则和新约束的奴隶。生活并没有比以前更自由、更幸福，因为他们要去承担新的责任；既然建立了一个新的家庭，那就无论如何也要以某种形式尽一点儿家庭的义务。他们深情地回想起订婚的那段时光，曾经如此渴望拥有彼此而忘掉这个世界，然而现在最深切的感受却是自己仍是这个世界的一部分。 意译 然而，和其他许多

45、人一样，最终结婚后他们发现，原来最憧憬的生活变得现实平淡，原先的事情非但没有像学生说的那样“一半一半”地分担，相反，生活中的烦恼却翻了一番。这让我们那两位结婚的朋友沮丧不堪。他们突然发现，自己并没有飞上天堂，而仍旧住在地球之上，而且受到新规矩、新约束的束缚。生活非但没有比以前更自由、更幸福，反而增添了新的责任。既然建立了新家，就一定要为它尽一点儿义务。他们满怀深情地回想起订婚的那段时光，曾经如此渴望拥有彼此而忘掉世界，然而，他们从来也没有如此深切地感受到，自己仍然是这个世界的一分子。)解析：解析 as has been true：(同样的事情也)发生了，出现了。 original duties

46、：原本的义务，即婚前各自都必须做的事情。 going halves：半对半，一人一半。 make oneself slave to sth.：使某人成为的奴隶。 assume responsibilities：自己给自己压上了担子，自己把自己给套上了。5.We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency, a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential, even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well, we have the ability to solv