翻译二级口译实务模拟7答案.doc

1、翻译二级口译实务模拟7答案模拟 120Part Interpret the following passages from English into Chinese. You will hear this signal to tell you when you start interpreting. Now lets begin.第1题：参考答案：参考译文欢迎各位来到联合国，参加本联络小组的第一次会议。 你们很适时地将重点放在非洲的粮食安全方面。非洲最近的粮食危机使我们比以往任何时候都更充分地认识到制定一个能打破不断发生此类危机的局面，并给非洲带来一场绿色革命的战略的紧迫性。但要做到这一点，就

2、要在多个方面采取积极措施。 非洲过去也曾出现粮食危机，曾出现过致命的疾病，在一些国家，由于能力和资源方面的限制，政府在治理上遇到过挑战。 但非洲大陆很少象现在这样同时遭遇来自许多领域的挑战。目前，非洲面临着三重极其繁重的负担，即粮食安全问题，艾滋病病毒/艾滋病和政府日渐衰弱的治理和服务能力。 如果不同时应对艾滋病和治理方面的挑战，我们就不能为粮食安全问题找到一个可行的解决方案。 非洲的粮食安全问题有着结构性的原因。多数非洲农民耕种的小片土地不能生产满足自家需要的产品。此外，农民们没有议价能力，也无法获得土地。资金和技术。 这些进一步削弱了农民承受反复出现的干旱和不断蔓延的艾滋病疫情影响的能力。

3、 目前有3000万非洲人感染艾滋病病毒，全球有2000多万人死于艾滋病，非洲大陆首当其冲。在非洲的一些地区，超过40%的人口感染艾滋病病毒，还有同样数量的人正面临饥荒。 艾滋病病毒/艾滋病对粮食生产的破坏性影响是再明显不过的，已有七百万非洲农民因此丧身。艾滋病在非洲妇女中的传染率在上升，最新数据表明妇女占非洲艾滋病感染者的58%。 由于艾滋病的影响，知识和技能无法代代相传，正在逐渐失传。不论是在家庭还是在政府层面，资源被用于医疗，而非粮食生产。而粮食短缺反过来又通过贫穷、不平等和营养不良等因素加剧疾病的蔓延。 显然，如何打破这一恶性循环为政府治理提出了严峻的挑战。，应对这一挑战需要强有力的制度

4、、更高的技能和创新的政策。而具有讽刺意味的是，非洲政府的治理和服务能力却几乎被这种疾病消耗殆尽，而这种情况在这个艾滋病年代又是常常发生的。 作为一个整体，非洲面临这一系列的问题盘根错节，要远比各个问题的简单总和更加难以对付。要解决我所提出的问题，非洲各国政府和国际社会应该采取一种综合性的新对策，摈弃短期方案，对我们的整个发展战略进行重新评估，换句话说，就是即使在处理短期性紧急状况时也要采取立足长远的措施。 女士们，先生们， 联合国大家庭已经携起手来，通过合作解决这些问题。我希望你们在各方面与我们及非洲各国政府共同努力，制定一系列必要的革命性方案，解决非洲致命的三重负担问题和打破非洲粮食危机的怪

5、圈。 我带着失望开始这篇演讲，请让我满怀希望结束它。是的，我们面临着一系列前所未有的挑战。但你们能出席今天的会议，说明我们对于解决这一问题的必要性有着空前的一致。我们必须共同努力，为我们的成功做出政治决断。 谢谢大家。详细解答：本文是有关非洲粮食安全问题的讲话，就非洲粮食问题的根源作了详细的说明，并请求获得国际社会的援助。 本文要求应试者具有一定的社会背景知识，如国家政治及艾滋病方面的常识，这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正

6、确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 基本素质采分点 1United Nations 联合国 2food security 粮食安全 3Green Revolution in Africa 非洲的绿色革命 4HIV/AIDS 艾滋病病毒/艾滋病 5HIV-positive 感染艾滋病病毒 6infection rate 感染率 结构理解采分点 1The latest food crisis on the continent has brought home to us, more than ever before, the urgent need for a strategy to break the

7、 pattern of recurrent crises and bring about a Green Revolution in Africa 该句基本可按照原文顺序进行翻译，其中注意可将修饰性结构more than ever before按照汉语习惯放在谓语短语bring home to前面，该句还要求应试者正确理解bring home to的含义。因此，原句可译为“非洲最近的粮食危机使我们比以往任何时候都更充分地认识到制定一个能打破不断发生此类危机的局面，并给非洲带来一场绿色革命的战略的紧迫性。” 2We cannot find viable solutions to the chal

8、lenge of food security unless we address the challenges of AIDS and governance at the same time 该句是主从复合句，unless引导的状语从句位于句子后半部，按汉语可将次要成分前置的特点，可优先翻译该从句。因此，原句可译为“如果不同时应对艾滋病和治理方面的挑战，我们就不能为粮食安全问题找到一个可行的解决方案。” 3The devastating impact of HIV/AIDS on food productionwith seven million African farmers already

9、 deadis only too obvious 该句为保持译文完整的逻辑性，可将形式较为松散的修饰性成分with短语后置。因此，原句可译为“艾滋病病毒/艾滋病对粮食生产的破坏性影响是再明显不过的，已有七百万非洲农民因此丧身。” 4Because of AIDS, skills and knowledge are dying out rather than being passed from one generation to the next 本句译文可在正确理解短语rather than(而不是)的基础上，将该短语翻译略去，以免译文过于生硬。因此，原句可译为“由于艾滋病的影响，知识和技能无

10、法代代相传，正在逐渐失传。” 5But in an irony so typical of the age of AIDS, Africas ability to govern and to provide services is itself being stretched to breaking point by the disease 该句是简单句，句子主干部分是Africas ability.is itself being stretched.，句子前半部分的typical of短语修饰an irony，但为了整体译文内容相对紧凑，该部分可在翻译时，放在最后。因此，原句可译为“而具有讽

11、刺意味的是，非洲政府的治理和服务能力却几乎被这种疾病消耗殆尽，而这种情况在这个艾滋病年代又是常常发生的。” 言语表达采分点 1bring home to sb 使充分认识 2radical approach 积极的措施 3come to terms with 达成协议；设法忍受 4a triad of related burdens 三重负担 5be compounded by 使更坏 6bear the brunt of 首当其冲 7die out 灭绝 8be diverted from.to. 从转移到 9interlocking 错综复杂的 10work across the boar

12、d with sb 与通力合作第2题：参考答案：参考译文尊敬的各位来宾，女士们，先生们， 首先，我祝贺香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织成功举办此次会议。此次会议吸引了来自全球的500多名代表，包括反贪专家、执法人员，还有来自国际组织、金融机构和学术界的朋友。香港能够与举世闻名的国际刑警组织共同举办这一全球性会议，深感荣幸。 我谨向所有与会代表表示热烈欢迎，大家来自世界各地，却有着同样的理想。参加此次盛会的，包括逾五十九个司法管辖区的六十五个执法机构和八个国际组织，这表明此次会议是一次真正的全球性反贪合作会议。 贪污是一种社会罪行，如不加以阻止，对社会祸害无穷，会腐蚀法治，影响政府效率，抑制经济发展，

13、有时甚至可能造成社会政治动荡。 随着经济全球化加速发展，科技进步日新月异，今天，贪污恶行已不受国界限制，并以新的形式出现，成为不法集团的犯罪工具，被用来从事国际洗钱、大规模商业诈骗、跨国毒品走私、贩卖人口等许多严重罪行。 对付贪污这种全球性跨国犯罪行为，需要采取全球跨国联盟的方式加以打击。多年来，香港廉政公署与国际刑警组织已结成稳固的合作盟友，通过推动国际协作和战略性结盟，合力打击贪污。 香港是一流的国际金融中心，被公认为世界上最具竞争力和最自由的经济体之一。我们有许多根本优势，其中尤其令我自豪的是被评为世界上最廉洁的地方。 虽然取得了这些成绩，我们却不能自满。目前，我们正面临经济转型的重大挑

14、战。 这次会议给我们提供了分享经验，交流意见，讨论反腐良方的宝贵机会。我深信每位与会者都会从中受益。 女士们，先生们，现在我宣布会议开幕，并祝大家旅港愉快，富有成效。 谢谢。详细解答：本文主题是香港廉政公署和国际刑警组织如何共同合作打击贪污。本文要求应试者具有相关方面的常识，掌握相关专门术语，这些知识构成考查应试者基本素质的内容，在较为短暂的时间内，应试者还需对复杂的长难句作出判断，使翻译不仅信息完整正确，还要基本符合汉语习惯。在此基础上，应试者还要对文中的某些单词或短语作出判断，使其翻译不仅正确还要符合上下文语境的需要。 基本素质采分点 1the Independent Commission

15、 Against Corruption (ICAC) (香港)廉政公署 2the Interpol 国际刑警组织 3jurisdiction 司法管辖区 4money laundering scheme 洗钱 结构理解采分点 1It can erode the rule of law, undermine the efficiency of governments, stifle economic development, and in some cases may trigger social and political unrest 该句是简单句，若干动宾词组做并列宾语，该句翻译精彩处是注

16、意若干动词翻译既要正确又要符合汉语的语言习惯，即使是口译，译者的翻译水平也会从类似的翻译中体现出来。因此，原句可译为“贪污会腐蚀法治，影响政府效率，抑制经济发展，有时甚至可能造成社会政治动荡。” 2Hong Kongs ICAC and Interpol have built up a very solid relationship over the years to combat corruption through the promotion of international co-operation and strategic alliance 该句是简单句，其中to combat动词不

17、定式短语做全句状语，因为该部分内容过多，可将其单独译为一个分句。因此，原句可译为“多年来，香港廉政公署与国际刑警组织已结成稳固的合作盟友，通过推动国际协作和战略性结盟，合力打击贪污。” 3Among the many fundamental strengths that Hong Kong possesses, I am particularly proud that we are rated as one of the least corrupt places in the world 该句是复合句。主干部分是I am particularly proud that.，句首的Among介词短

18、语为全句的状语，但在翻译时，因其内容过多，可单独译为一句。因此，原句可译为“我们有许多根本优势，其中尤其令我自豪的是被评为世界上最廉洁的地方。” 4At the moment, we are facing tremendous challenges as our economy grapples with restructuring 该句是复合句，其中as引导原因状语从句，翻译时，可将此从句译作定语，以使译文结构紧凑。因此，原句可译为“目前，我们正面临经济转型的重大挑战。” 5This conference provides a valuable forum for all participa

19、nts to share experiences and to exchange ideas and initiatives for tackling corruption。 本句是简单句，译文的关键是处理若干动词的翻译。其中exchange分别与idea和initiative搭配，所以译文要处理该词与不同宾语搭配的翻译。因此，原句可译为“这次会议给我们提供了分享经验，交流意见，讨论反腐良方的宝贵机会。” 言语表达采分点 1law enforcer 执法人员 2preeminent organisation 知名机构 3transcend 超越 4take on a new dimension

20、 以新形式出现 5syndicated 辛迪加的(指联合起来的) 6commercial fraud scam 商业诈骗 7drug trafficking 走私毒品 8tackle corruption 对付贪污 9border-less alliance 跨国联盟 10no room for 无的余地Part Interpret the following passages from Chinese into English. You will hear this signal to tell you when you start interpreting. Now lets begin.

21、第3题：参考答案：参考范文Todays world is based on rule of law. The prosperity of a nation, the flourishing of its political life, the stability of its society, the development of its economy, the unity of its ethnic communities, the thriving of its culture and the well-being and happiness of its people, all hin

22、ge on the maintenance of law and order and the integrity of the legal system. China is no exception. What a nation adopts for its national strategy will have a lot to do with its future and destiny. Towards the end of 20th century, China, a country of 1.2 billion people, made it clear to the world t

23、hat it would run the country in accordance with law, and has since taken solid steps forward along this path. A system of laws that meets the needs of the socialist market economy is taking shape. A reform that transforms the functions of government and makes administration more strictly law-based i

24、s under way in an orderly fashion. A judicial restructuring that aims to ensure greater justice and efficiency is deepening steadily. And a grand social campaign that educates the hundreds of millions in the importance of the law is proceeding into greater depth. As you know, the constitution of a c

25、ountry is the most important and most fundamental legal guarantee for its economic development. In the early years of New China, public ownership emerged as the dominant form of ownership after the socialist transformation of agriculture, handcraft and capitalist industry and commerce, and the priva

26、te ownership had no lawful status. Planned economy became the dominant mode of the economy, and enterprises had no right to operate their businesses independently. Distribution according to work became the dominant mode of distribution, and citizens had no income from other sources. Under such an ec

27、onomic system, Chinas economy developed at a snails pace. In 1978, China launched its reform and opening up program. In 1988, the country amended its constitution for the first time, recognizing the lawful status of the private economy. In 1993, it amended the constitution again, making it clear tha

28、t the state practiced the socialist market economy. These amendments have promoted both the public and private sectors of the economy, boosted Chinas comprehensive national strength, improved the quality of life of its people, and brought profound changes to Chinas political, economic and social lif

29、e.详细解答：本文主要讨论中国法制建设，深入分析了中国法制建设的思路，说明了法制建设的过程和展望。本文要求应试者具有相关中国政治方面的概念常识，能够正确理解并翻译某些术语，这些知识构成基本素质的考查点。此外，应试者还需根据英语语言习惯，重新整理中文句子结构，在此基础上，应试者要灵活处理对某些单词或短语的翻译，使之不仅正确，还应符合上下文语境的要求。 基本素质采分点 1司法体制改革 judicial restructuring 2宪法 constitution 3公有制 public ownership 4计划经济 planned economy 5按劳分配 distribution accor

30、ding to work 6改革开放 reform and opening up 7社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 结构理解采分点 1国运之兴盛，政治之昌明，社会之稳定，经济之发展，民族之团结，文化之繁荣，人民之安居乐业，都离不开法律之维系和法律之保障。 该句的信息量很大，根据其句式特点和口译对时间的要求，可将句子前部分的七个短语译为并列主语，使句子最后一部分充当谓宾成分。因此，原句可译为“The prosperity of a nation, the flourishing of its political life, the stability of i

31、ts society, the development of its economy, the unity of its ethnic communities, the thriving of its culture and the well-being and happiness of its people, all hinge on the maintenance of law and order and the integrity of the legal system.” 2一项把法律交给亿万人民的宏大社会工程正在深入持久地进行。 该句先确定主语部分为“宏大社会工程”，中文句子有时前置

32、定语过长，翻译时需要使用定语从句、非谓语动词短语等形式变为后置定语。因此，原句可译为“And a grand social campaign that educates the hundreds of millions in the importance of the law is proceeding into greater depth.” 3新中国成立初期，对农业、手工业和资本主义工商业完成社会主义改造后，公有制成了主要所有制模式，私有经济没有合法的地位。 该句需要根据原文的逻辑特点，最后一部分分句与前面部分意思相对松散，确定使用并列句的句式，并将句中“对改造后”的译文放在分句主干结构后

33、面，以突出句子的主要结构和内容，这与汉语将修饰部分往往前置的特点恰恰相反。因此，原句可译为“In the early years of New China, public owner ship emerged as the dominant form of ownership after the socialist transformation of agriculture, handcraft and capitalist industry and commerce, and the private ownership had no lawful status.” 41998年，中国对现行宪

34、法进行第一次修正，确认了私有经济的合法地位。 为使译文紧凑，使用简单句表达，原结构中另一个动词短语“确认”以分词短语形式出现，在句中做状语。因此，原句可译为“In 1988, the country amended its constitution for the first time, recognizing the lawful status of the private economy.” 5宪法的变革，促进了公有经济和私有经济的共同发展，促进了国家综合国力的增强和人民生活的改善，给中国的政治、经济、社会生活带来了深刻变革。 该句信息量大，根据多为动宾词组的特点，可考虑使用并列谓语。因此

35、，原句可译为“These amendments have promoted both the public and private sectors of the economy, boosted Chinas comprehensive national strength, improved the quality of life of its people, and brought profound changes to Chinas political, economic and social life.” 言语表达采分点 1治国方略 national strategy 2依法治国 run

36、 the country in accordance with law 3转变政府职能 transform the functions of the government 4严格依法行政 make administration strictly law-based 5正在进行 be under way 6公正与效率 justice and efficiency 7经营自主权 right to operate business independently 8发展非常缓慢 develop at a snails pace 9修正 amendment 10综合国力 comprehensive nat

37、ional strength第4题：参考答案：Childrens survival, protection and growth have a direct bearing on a country and a nations future and destiny. The Chinese nation has long cultivated the traditional virtues of bringing up the young and caring for the young. An old Chinese saying that Love our own and others c

38、hildren is still very popular. The Chinese government, with an earnest and responsible attitude, always attaches vital importance to childrens survival, protection and growth. It regards providing education for children to improve the quality of the whole nation as a fundamental policy for its socia

39、list modernization drive. The government urges the society at large to protect and educate children, and set an example and do practical things for children. It spares no effort to create favorable social conditions for the progress of childrens undertakings. Since the implementation of the polily o

40、f reform and opening to the outside world, childrens programs in China have further moved into social, scientific and legal tracks; and childrens programs have become an important part of the nations construction and the duties of the whole society. To truly protect childrens rights and interests, C

41、hinas legislative, judicial and relevant government departments as well as mass organizations have set up corresponding mechanisms to supervise, facilitate and promote the sound development of the work concerning childrens protection. The National Peoples Congress, the highest organ of state power i

42、n China, has under it the Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs, which is responsible for legislation for the protection of the rights and interests of women and children as well as for the supervision and examination of law enforcement. This committee has a special group for women and childre

43、n staffed with full-time personnel. The Chinese government always gives priority to childrens education in the promotion of education in general. Thanks to the concerted efforts made by the government and the society, childrens education has seen great progress in the past few years, with many index

44、es higher than those of other developing countries and some indexes close to those of developed countries. The Chinese government has done a great deal to mobilize all sectors of society to care for, in various manners, the growth of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasing se

45、lf-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to advocate the social virtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid. The media actively reports on their living conditions and work. Radio and TV stations offer special programs with sign language and captions for physically disadvantaged chi

46、ldren. To create a favorable social environment for physically disadvantaged childrens survival and growth, China has set and gradually implemented standards for the design of urban roads, buildings, and other obstacle-free facilities for their convenience. To promote international cooperation in the protection of children, the Chinese government and society at large have taken an active part in global and regional international cooperation and exchan