2017年湖北省荆门市高三1月调研考试英语及答案解析.docx

1、2017 年 湖 北 省 荆 门 市 高 三 1 月 调 研 考 试 英 语本 试 卷 分 第 I 卷 和 第 II 卷 两 部 分 ， 共 10 页 。 满 分 150 分 。 考 试 用 时 120 分 钟 。第 I 卷 （ 选 择 题 ， 满 分 100 分 ）第 一 部 分 听 力 （ 略 ）第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 两 节 ， 满 分 40 分 ）第 一 节 （ 共 15 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 30 分 ）阅 读 下 列 短 文 ， 从 每 题 所 给 的 四 个 选 项 （ A、 B、 C 和 D） 中 ， 选 出 最 佳 选 项 。ATwo y

2、ears ago I fell off the steps of a bus while climbing down and twisted my ankle. Whatfollowed was the usual way that is common in the US.Afew hours later I was treated anddischarged. What was uncommon was that I received extra care while going to ER(emergency room) and while I was in the hospital.Pe

3、ople were kind to me, men and women alike. They wheeled me into a private room insteadof making me wait in the crowded waiting room. Someone came and asked me if the temperatureis OK. When I said I was cold, he brought me a blanket and some magazines, in case I got bored.The nurses stopped by, makin

4、g pleasant chats with me. People always came to ask me if I was intoo much pain and if I needed anythingThere were other people who were brought in while I was waiting. Patients groaning in painwere given the care they needed and then ignored. My injury was not the priority, so while I wasnot pushed

5、 to the front of the line, my several hoursstay in the hospital was made as pleasant aspossible. Why would people do that? They gave others care, while I got kindness.Like any other good looking, healthy, independent person, man or woman, it looks as if theworld is nicer to rich people, and the worl

6、d is nicer to attractive people. Im not in the datingworld. Its not about free drinks and gifts. Its about people being nice. Im grateful for any positive behavior because I know this is temporary. Eventually I will jointhe groups of the elderly, the weak and the seemingly unattractive. One thing I

7、refuse to do is tomake excuses for being attractive. I know its temporary. I know its the luck of the draw and Iknow that Im just one of the many. Does it matter to my husband, my mother and my kids what Ilook like? No.And I wouldnt have it any other way.21. What caused the author into deep thought?

8、A. She was given less care in the hospital.B. Patients were only given physical care in the hospital.C. She didnt get treatment immediately in the hospital.D. Other patients in the hospital didnt get the same kindness as her.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 二 、 三 段 的 描 述 可 知 作 者 受 到 了 非 常 好 的 关 心 和 照 顾 ， 而 其

9、 他 的病 人 却 没 有 ， 这 让 她 陷 入 思 考 。 选 D。答 案 ： D 22. What can we know about the author?A. She is an attractive lady.B. She shows great pity to old patients.C. She doesnt like free drink s or gifts. D. She was treated unequally in the hospital.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 it looks as if the world is ni

10、cer to rich people, and the worldis nicer to attractive people.再 结 合 作 者 是 坐 公 交 车 ， 肯 定 不 是 有 钱 人 ， 故 选 另 外 一 种 情 况 ，长 得 好 看 ， 选 A。答 案 ： A23. Which of the following does the author agree with?A. The hospital should treat attractive patients in preference to others.B. The positive behavior that bein

11、g attractive brings can last long.C. Old patients should get much more care from the hospital.D. Being attractive means nothing to the people truly important to you.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 的 描 述 ， 结 合 最 后 一 句 Does it matter to my husband, mymother and my kids what I look like? No.And I wouldnt

12、 have it any other way.可 知 作 者 认 为 长 得 好 看 对 重 要 的 人 来 说 没 有 任 何 意 义 。 选 D。答 案 ： D BMost penguins died after a huge iceberg grounded near their habitat inAntarctica, forcingthem to make a long way to find food, scientists say in a newly published study. The B09B iceberg,measuring about 100 square ki

13、lometers, grounded in Commonwealth Bay in EastAntarctica inDecember 2010, the researchers fromAustralia and New Zealand wrote in the “Antarctic Science”journal.TheAdelie penguin population at the bays Cape Denison was measured to be about 160,000in February 2011 but by December 2013 it had decreased

14、 to about 10,000, they said. The icebergsgrounding meant the penguins had to walk more than 60 kilometers to find food, preventing theirbreeding attempts, said the researchers from the University of New South Wales( UNSW) Climate Change Research Centre and New Zealands West Penguin Trust.“The Cape D

15、enison population could disappear completely within 20 years unless B09Brelocates or the fast ice within the bay breaks out,” they wrote in the research published in. Fastice is sea ice which forms and stays along the coast. During their survey in December 2013 , theresearchers said “hundreds of aba

16、ndoned eggs were noted, and the freeze-dried dead bodies ofprevious seasons little penguins lay everywhere on the ground.”“Its strangely silent,” UNSWs Chris Turney, who led the 2013 exploration , toldthe“ Sydney Morning Herald Friday”.“The ones that we saw at Cape Denison were terriblylow-spirited,

17、 almost unaware of your existence. The ones that are surviving are clearly struggling.They can hardly survive themselves , let alone give birth to the next generation. We saw lots ofdead birds on the ground.”In contrast, penguins living on the eastern edge of the bay just 8 kilometers from the fast

18、iceedge were full of vigour, the scientists said. The researchers said the study had important influence on the wider EastAntarctic if the current situation of increasing sea ice continued. Sea ice aroundAntarctica is increasing, in contrast to theArctic where global warming is causing ice to melt a

19、ndicebergs to decrease. Scientists believe the growth inAntarctic sea ice is likely to be driven bychanges in wind and local conditions before long.24. Whats the main reason why the Adelie penguin population decreased? A. ManyAdelie penguins died from the cold weather inAntanctic.B. They didnt have

20、enough time to give birth to and raise babies.C. The icebergs grounding killed a number ofAdelie penguins.D.Adelie penguins lost their habitats so they couldnt breed.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 The icebergs grounding meant the penguins had to walk morethan 60 kilometers to find food, preventing thei

21、r breeding attempts,可 知 企 鹅 得 花 更 多 的 时 间 去觅 食 ， 因 而 没 有 时 间 去 繁 衍 后 代 ， 故 选 B。答 案 ： B25. Which statement is correct according to the passage?A. The life of penguins in Cape Denison was very hard.B. Penguins in Cape Denison were afraid of humans.C. The sea ice inAntarctica is decreasing faster than

22、before. D. Human activities caused much damage to Cape Denison.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 The ones that we saw at Cape Denison were terriblylow-spirited, almost unaware of your existence . The ones that are surviving are clearly struggling.They can hardly survive themselves , let alone give bir

23、th to the next generation.可 知 企 鹅 的 生 存很 艰 难 ， 选 A。26. What does the underlined word “vigour” in the last paragraph mean?A. Trouble.B. Food.C. Energy.D. Joy.解 析 ： 词 义 猜 测 题 。 根 据 In contrast 是 把 两 个 不 同 地 方 的 企 鹅 进 行 对 比 ， 后 者 生 活 好 ， 因 而企 鹅 们 充 满 活 力 ， energy， 精 力 ， 活 力 ， 故 选 C。 答 案 ： C27. Whats th

24、e main idea of the passage?A. Global warming caused penguinsdeath.B. Iceberg harmed penguinslife.C. Penguins need more habitats.D.Antarctic extreme weather caused penguinsdeath.解 析 ： 主 旨 大 意 题 。 本 文 主 要 是 讲 述 冰 山 给 企 鹅 带 来 的 负 面 作 用 ， 选 B。答 案 ： B CIn one study, college students who had important and

25、 reality-based conversations were morecontent than their peers who changed mere amusing remarks. But dont deny small talks just yet. Psychologists have long said that connecting with others is important to well-being, but justhow much conversation we require is under investigation. In one study, res

26、earchers overheard（ 偷听 ） undergraduates for four days, and then cataloged each overheard conversation as either ”smalltalks”(“What do you have done? Popcorn?Yummy!”) or “substantive”（ 实 质 性 的 交 流 ） (“So didthey get divorced soon after?”). They found that the second type correlated（ 相 关 ） with happin

27、ess the happiest students had roughly twice as many substantive talks as the unhappiest ones. Smalltalks, meanwhile, made up only 10 percent of their conversation, versus almost 30 percent of theirconversation among the least content students.But dont deny small talks just yet. Scientists believe th

28、at small talks could promote bonding.Researchers found that a small talk maintains closeness with loved ones after studying ring-tailedlemurs（ 环 尾 弧 猴 ） call-and-response conversations, similar to human small talks. Still, jokingwith strangers could brighten your morning. In a series of experiments,

29、 those bus-takers told tochat with others are reported a more pleasant journey than those told to “enjoy your solitude” or todo whatever they normally would. Small talks can also help us feel connected to our surroundings.People who smiled at, made eye contact with, and briefly spoke with their Star

30、bucks baristas（ 咖啡 师 ） reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction.Of course, some of us are better than others at turning small talks into something bigger.Allthe differences come to what researchers call “a curious mindset”. So go ahead to talk and inquire.

31、Small talks neednt be idle.And being curious about othersbusiness isnt all bad.28.According to the second paragraph, we can know that_.A. we can deny small talks because substantive talks are more important.B. People who make more small talks are much happier than those making substantive talks.C. t

32、he well-being is built largely due to the percentage of our substantive talks.D. the least content students have twice the amount of small talks than those content students.解 析 ： 细 书 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 第 一 句 Psychologists have long said that connecting with othersis important to well-being, but just

33、how much conversation we require is under investigation. 以及 They found that the second type correlated（ 相 关 ） with happiness the happiest students hadroughly twice as many substantive talks as the unhappiest ones.可 知 实 质 性 的 交 流 程 虔 对 健 康 的影 响 很 大 。 故 选 C。答 案 ： C 29. The benefits of small talks are

34、the following EXCEPT_.A. It can make the bonding between people much closerB. It can shorten the distance between strangers and make the journey pleasantC. It makes us feel connected with the surroundingsD.You can get more free cups of coffee from Starbucks baristas解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 的 描 述

35、可 知 ， 只 有 D 项 是 错 误 的 ， 故 选 D。答 案 ： D30. Whats the authors attitude to small talks?A. Negative.B. Supportive.C. Neutral.D. Critical. 解 析 ： 态 度 意 图 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 So go ahead to talk and inquire. Small talks neednt be idle.And being curious about others: business isnt all bad.可 知 作 者 是 持 支 持 态 度 的 ，

36、 选 B。答 案 ： B 31. The text mainly tells us that_.A. small talks are important in communicationB. substantive talks make people happier than small talksC. small talks and substantive talks are equally important in lifeD. substantive talks are important in communication解 析 ： 主 旨 大 意 题 。 本 文 主 要 是 介 绍 s

37、mall talks 的 好 处 ， 尤 其 是 与 人 交 往 方 面 ， 故 选 A。答 案 ： A DWhile engineers have made out fantastic products for sitting stillMunchery instead ofwalking to lunch, Uber instead of walking to the bus stopservices to make you move have beenless appealing for consumers.Fitbits stock price fell 18% after they

38、announced their latestApple Watch-like product named Fitbit Force.And new data suggests that, for the first time, death rates for large parts of theAmerican population are rising, with signs pointing to inactivity and weight gain as the reasons.Our digital lifestyles and desk-based workplaces are co

39、ntributing to serious health problems andcould be shortening our lives, wellness firms want us to believe.Northrup, president and co-founder of the connected exercise device TAO-Wellness, was inLas Vegas to promote TAOs small device that encourages exercises. He lifts the device, about thesize of an

40、 apple, and says workplaces should start encouraging on-site exercise.Nick Mokey, the managing editor of Digital Trends, agrees. “I hate to break it to you, a roomfull of people sitting down, but sitting is killing you,” he says to the audience. They shift in theirseats.In the health section of the

41、Sands Exposition Hall, people are selling devices made byLifeSpan Fitness. They say theyre the largest seller of treadmill（ 跑 步 机 ） desks in the US.At thecenter of their exhibition area is a Bike Desk, which looks like three gym bikes attached to a table. Thats for people who just want to sit and en

42、joy conversation.Treadmill desk-related shame is their biggest obstacle, they say when LifeSpan installs two inopposite ends of the same building, neither tends to get used. If the company installs two next toeach other, people will use them. “You dont want to be so noticeable, especially at work,”c

43、ompany spokesman James Lowe says. Whats more, what if we get sweaty using a treadmill inthe office?32.According to new data, the rising death rates inAmerica are caused by_.A. lack of exerciseB. serious pollutionC. high work pressureD. poor indoor environment解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 death rates f

44、or large parts of theAmerican population are risingwith signs pointing to inactivity and weight gain as the reasons.可 知 美 国 人 死 亡 率 上 升 的 原 因 是 缺 乏 运 动 和 体 重 增 加 ， 故 选 A。答 案 ： A33. What can we learn about the device TAO-Wellness?A. It is a kind of treadmill desk. B. It is comparatively small in size

45、C. It is created by LifeSpan Fitness.D. It is designed for outdoor exercise.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 He lifts the device, about the size of an apple,可 知 TAO-wellness很 小 ， 只 有 苹 果 那 么 大 ， 选 B。答 案 ： B34. Which of the following may cause more sitting?A. TAO-Wellness.B. Fitbit Force.C. Bike Desk.D. M

46、unchery解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 _段 While engineers have made out fantastic products for sitting still-Munchery instead of walking to lunch,可 知 答 案 为 D。答 案 ： D35. What is the biggest problem with the treadmill desk?A. It takes up too much space.B. It is not comfortable to use.C. It may cause awkwardne

47、ss.D. It will make employees tired.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 意 最 后 一 段 的 描 述 ， 尤 其 是 第 一 句 Treadmill desk-related shame istheir biggest obstacle, 可 知 它 最 大 的 问 题 是 会 引 起 尴 尬 ， 故 选 C。答 案 ： C第 二 节 （ 共 5 小 题 ; 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 10 分 ） 根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 ， 选 项 中 有 两 项 为

48、多 余选 项 。You want to be happy, who doesnt? However, whether you procrastinate（ 拖 延 ） , feednegative self-talk, or dont rest your mind, you lower your potential to create happiness.ProcrastinationYou arent in deadly danger if you procrastinate, but your system doesnt always take thisinformation on boa

49、rd.You still react as though you are anxious and produce stress chemicals.36 Your ability to see the big picture of life is reduced when you procrastinate.Therefore, you dont see as much joy.Negative self-talk37 Taking notice of what goes on in your head and putting positive change inaction makes negative self-talk useful. Nevertheless, most people dont recognize negativeself-talk as a pointer; they feed it until it grows out of control. 38Your mind contains an incredible amount of information and is more powerful than anycomputer many times over. Howe