2018年山东省聊城市高三下学期第一次模拟考试试题英语及答案解析.docx

1、2018 年 山 东 省 聊 城 市 高 三 下 学 期 第 一 次 模 拟 考 试 试 题 英 语第 I 卷第 一 部 分 听 力 （ 略 ）第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 两 节 ， 满 分 40 分 ）第 一 节 （ 共 15 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 30 分 ）阅 读 下 列 短 文 ， 从 每 题 所 给 的 四 个 选 项 （ A、 B、 C 和 D） 中 ， 选 出 最 佳 选 项AStrongest Female Literary Characters ofAll TimeThere are some of historys most inspiri

2、ng and great females who can be found on the pagesof these novels.Elizabeth BennetCalled “Lizzie” or “Eliza” by her family and friends, Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine from the 1813 Jane Austen novel Pride and Prejudice. Shes the second eldest offive daughters in the Bennet famil

3、y and, like the rest of her sisters, she is expected to marry forstatus and money, not for love. To remain true to herself, she would rather remain single, a conceptthat was unheard at the time.Nancy DrewShe first appeared in the 1930s but remains one of the most iconic female characters in all ofli

4、terature. Created by Edward Stratemeyer, Nancy Drew wasnt simply a pretty girl. Instead, thebold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancy used her superior intelligencenot herlooksto solve a series of mysteries.Josephine MarchJo March is the second eldest daughter in the March family and i

5、s a central focus in the novelLittle Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868. At 15, she is strong- willed, confident,and literary and unlike her sisters, she is outspoken and uninterested in marriage. Jo both struggles with and challenges societys expectations of how women in the 19th century

6、 should carrythemselves, making her one of literatures most daring female characters.H ester PrynneRecognized by some critics as one of the most important characters in female literature,Hester Prynne is the leading character in Nathaniel Hawthornes 1850 novel, The Scarlet Letter.Married but separat

7、ed by distance from her husband, Hester has an affair with a minister andbecomes pregnant.1. Why would Elizabeth Bennet rather remain single?A. She is too stubborn.B. She doesnt want to cheat herself.C. She doesnt want to marry for love.D. She was the eldest daughter of the family.解 析 ： 细 节 推 理 题 。

8、根 据 Elizabeth Bennet 中 To remain true to herself, she would rather remain single, a concept that was unheard at the time.可 知 Elizabeth Bennet 不 想 为 金 钱 和 地 位 结 婚 ， 不想 欺 骗 自 己 ， 所 以 保 持 单 身 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B2. What is Nancy Drew like? A. Kind.B. Outspoken.C. Clever.D. Proud.解 析 ： 细 节 推 理 题 。 根 据 Nancy

9、Drew中 the bold, physically strong, and fiercely intelligent Nancyused her superior intelligence not her looks to solve a series of mysteries.可 知 Nancy Drew 勇敢 ， 强 壮 和 聪 明 ， clever 是 她 的 一 个 特 征 ， 故 选 C。答 案 ： C3. Who created Josephine March?A. JaneAusten.B. Edward Stratemeyer.C. Louisa MayAlcott. D.

10、Nathaniel Hawthorne.解 析 ： 细 节 推 理 题 。 根 据 Josephine March 中 Jo March is the second eldest daughter in the Marchfamily and is a central focus in the novel Little Women, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868.可 知 Josephine March 是 Louisa May Alcott 在 1868 年 出 版 的 小 说 Little Women 中 的 中 心 人物 。 故 选 C。答

11、案 ： C4. What is the right order of the time these females appeared in novels?a. Elizabeth Bennetb. Nancy Drewc. Josephine Marchd. Hester PrynneA. dcab B. adbcC. cdbaD. adcb解 析 ： 细 节 推 理 题 。 根 据 文 中 Elizabeth Bennet is the stubborn and clever heroine from the 1813；Nancy Drew first appeared in the 193

12、0s; Josephine March is a central focus in the novel LittleWomen, published by Louisa May Alcott in 1868. Hester Prynne is the leading character inNathaniel Hawthornes 1850 novel.可 知 每 个 人 物 出 现 的 时 间 排 列 顺 序 ， 故 选 D。答 案 ： D BWith golden sunshine and a gentle breeze, autumn is the most beautiful seas

13、on in the year.This is a great time to go outside and have fun. Go to a valley to see red maple trees, go and pickfruit in an orchard or find an open field to fly your kite in. However, for many high school students, these great activities may be just a dream. Withplenty of work to do, they spend al

14、l their hours indoors, struggling for a high mark in their exams.Of course, study is one of the most important things for teenagers. But life is definitely much morethan that.Sometimes we spend so much time studying that we forget how to make life wonderful. In doing so, we lose the real purpose of

15、life to be a valuable and happy person. To enjoy just howgreat it is to be alive, we have to put down our books and pens and look around us. Students, takesome exercise to improve your health, talk with your parents and friends for understanding andwalk around outside to refresh your body and mind.G

16、oing out and enjoying the beautiful countryside often helps our creativity in our work.Chinese craftsman, Lu Ban, created a saw to help woodworkers. But if he hadnt walked outside,he would not have been inspired by a kind of toothed grass. We could also suppose if Newtonhadnt rested under that apple

17、 tree, then he wouldnt have been hit by an apple, and his classictheories would not have come out.Going out is not only a break from hard work, but a chance to add to life experience. Socome on, give your brain a good rest. Step out of the books and get your bag ready for an autumnouting. We are sur

18、e you will get much more than knowledge from the exciting journey.5. In which paragraph does the writer make a summary about his opinion? A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 5.D. Paragraph 4.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 Going out is not only a break from hard work, but a chance toadd to life

19、 experience.和 We are sure you will get much more than knowledge from the excitingjourney.可 知 作 者 认 为 外 出 是 一 种 增 加 生 活 经 验 的 机 会 ， 我 们 会 从 激 动 人 心 的 旅 程 中 获 得 更多 的 知 识 。 本 段 表 达 了 作 者 的 观 点 ， 故 选 C。答 案 ： C6. Why is going out a dream for many high school students?A. They are unhappy to do so.B. Their

20、 parents dont allow them to do so. C. They think study is the most important thing for them.D. They have too much work to do for getting high marks in the exams.解 析 ： 细 节 推 理 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 these great activities may be just a dream. With plenty of work todo, they spend all their hours indoors, strug

21、gling for a high mark in their exams.可 知 高 中 生 们 有大 量 的 作 业 要 做 ， 要 把 所 有 的 时 间 用 于 学 习 考 高 分 。 对 于 他 们 来 说 外 出 活 动 就 是 一 个 梦 想 。故 选 D。答 案 ： D7. The passage is developed mainly by_.A. making predictionsB. reasoning and giving examplesC. describing the beautiful scenery inAutumnD. pointing out the pr

22、esent situation of high school students 解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 中 In doing so, we lose the real purpose of life to be a valuable andhappy person. To enjoy just how great it is to be alive, we have to put down our books and pensand look around us.可 知 是 运 用 了 推 理 的 方 法 。 Lu Ban, created a saw to help

23、woodworkers. We could also suppose if Newton hadnt rested under that apple tree, then he wouldnt have beenhit by an apple, and his classic theories would not have come out.是 运 用 了 举 例 来 说 明 自 己 的 观 点 ， 故 选 B。答 案 ： B8. What message can you get from the passage?A. Nature is power.B.All work and no pla

24、y makes Jack a dull boy.C. The author isnt happy with our education at all.D. Going out can make high school students get more.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 Going out is not only a break from hard work, but a chance toadd to life experience.和 We are sure you will get much more than knowledge from th

25、e excitingjourney.可 知 作 者 认 为 高 中 生 走 出 去 是 一 种 增 加 生 活 经 验 的 机 会 ， 会 从 激 动 人 心 的 旅 程 中 获得 更 多 的 知 识 。 鼓 励 学 生 们 多 出 去 ， 故 选 D。答 案 ： D CSixty-four-year-old Pierre Deom has spent his entire life close to the woods and fields that heloves. Twice a year, his magazine, La Hulotte, focuses on an animal o

26、r plant native to the Frenchcountryside.The 100th edition was published in November. The magazine counts more than 150,000subscribers in many countries, and is doing very well financially. Deom says it all began inJanuary 1972, when he was teaching science in a one-room schoolhouse here. “It upset m

27、e howthe forests and swamps were beginning to be ruined. The word ecology（ 生 态 学 ） didnt reallyexist yet. Some friends and I wanted to call attention to the issue. So we said, lets educate the kids.Theyre ready to hear our message.” So he took a step into the unknown, planning to publish hisnature j

28、ournal.Deom does all the research and writing and the illustrations（ 插 图 ） of the magazine by hand.He combines science and humor in his writing and drawing to describe the daily life and sufferings of his creatures. Animals you might overlook or consider dull are magically and vividlybrought to life

29、 in La Hulotte. “I try to write about animals and plants that are easy to find becauseI want kids to put on boots, take a magnifying glass, go to the woods and fields to observe and beamazed by what they find,” Deom says.And it seems to work. Biologist Jerome Fournier began subscribing to La Hulotte

30、 when hewas just eight years old. “For me it was the first contact with nature when I was a child. Andmaybe its the beginning for my life of scientist. I think so.”Whats amazing is its approach. The magazine has realistic drawings and also a little cast ofcartoon creatures who comment on things and

31、give a different views. You can read it as an adult ora child; it can be understood on two different levels. So scientists, regular people and children allget something out of it. “Its extraordinary.” Fournier says, who works at the Museum of NaturalHistory in Paris, where he says La Hulotte has a c

32、razy following.9. What does the underlined word “subscribers” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Readers.B. Editors.C. Sellers.D. Collectors. 解 析 ： 猜 测 词 义 题 。 此 处 指 该 杂 志 在 许 多 国 家 拥 有 超 过 15 万 的 用 户 ， 并 且 在 财 务 上 做 得 很好 。 句 中 “ subscribers” 指 订 阅 者 ， 指 杂 志 的 读 者 ， 与 readers 同 义 ， 故 选 A。答 案 ： A10. Wh

33、ats the purpose of creating the magazine?A. To make a lot of money.B. To finish the task of teaching.C. To enlarge the areas of forests.D. To promote peoples awareness of ecology.解 析 ： 细 节 推 理 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 ”It upset me how the forests and swamps were beginning to beruined. The word “ecology”（ 生 态 学

34、 ） didnt really exist yet. Some friends and I wanted to callattention to the issue.可 知 森 林 和 沼 泽 被 破 坏 了 ， 生 态 学 并 没 有 真 正 存 在 。 一 些 朋 友 和 我 想 提醒 大 家 对 生 态 学 引 起 重 视 ， 这 是 创 办 这 个 杂 志 的 目 的 ， 故 选 D。 答 案 ： D11. Which words can best describe the magazine La Hulotte?A. Scientific and interesting.B. Mag

35、ical and dull.C. Vivid and unreal.D. Hard to understand.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 Deom does all the research and writing and the illustrations (插图 ) of the magazine by hand. He combines science and humor in his writing and drawing todescribe the daily life and sufferings of his creatures.和 最 后 一 段

36、 What s amazing is its approach.The magazine has realistic drawings and also a little cast of cartoon creatures who comment onthings and give a different views.可 知 这 本 杂 志 科 学 ， 幽 默 ， 有 趣 ， 能 够 吸 引 读 者 。 故 选 A。答 案 ： A 12. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The magazine is a cartoon one.B.A

37、dults find the magazine too easy.C. Many scientists are the fans of the magazine.D. The magazine is not fit for regular people to read.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 So scientists, regular people and children all get something outof it. 和 “ Its extraordinary.” Fournier says, who works at the Museum o

38、f Natural History in Paris,where he says La Hulotte has a crazy following.可 知 科 学 家 们 对 这 本 杂 志 评 价 很 高 ， 是 杂 志 的疯 狂 追 随 者 ， 故 选 C.答 案 ： C DIf some parts of a body are very sick or damaged, then doctors might need to remove them. Another way doctors can help is to grow new tissue to replace what is

39、sick or damaged. This iscalled regenerative medicine（ 再 生 医 学 ） .Regenerative medicine sounds like something from a science fiction movie but it is not a newidea. Inside our bones, we have something called marrow, which makes our blood and keeps us healthy. Doctors have been giving sick people the b

40、one marrow from other healthy people for thelast 30 or 40 years, and this is a kind of regenerative medicine.Newer developments in regenerative medicine include growing new skin in a laboratory andusing it to help people who have been hurt in fires or accidents. Another example of regenerativemedici

41、ne is a technique developed from studying frogs and mice. When cells are old, like in adults,they cant change what they do in our bodies. For example, a skin cell cant change into an eyecell. But when cells are very young, they can become any cell type. These young cells are calledstem cells, and do

42、ctors can use them to grow any type of tissue, such as skin, heart or eye. JohnGurdon and Shinya Yamanaka won the 2012 Nobel Prize for their studies in this area.Professor Fiona Watt, from the Centre of Regenerative Medicine at Kings College, London,believes that regenerative medicine is so exciting

43、 because many different kinds of experts need towork together. 3D printers may be used to print new bones by experts, who need to work closelywith university scientists and the surgeons who do the operations in hospitals. We cannot yet grow new arms or legs for people, but the science fiction dream

44、ofregenerative medicine may be closer than we think. Perhaps in the future, doctors will be able togrow whole new bodies for us.13. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. How to help very sick or damaged people.B. Regenerative medicine and science fiction.C. We can grow our new bodies in the future.D

45、 Regenerative medicine and its development.解 析 ： 主 旨 大 意 题 。 文 章 主 要 介 绍 了 什 么 是 再 生 医 学 ， 再 生 医 学 的 具 体 应 用 和 发 展 过 程 及 前景 。 Regenerative medicine and its development 是 全 文 的 主 旨 大 意 ， 故 选 D。答 案 ： D14. Which of the following is right according to this passage? A. Marrow can help grow new bones.B.

46、Stem cell can be used to grow any type of tissue.C. Surgeons now use 3D printers to print new bones.D. Regenerative medicine is a new science in medicine.解 析 ： 细 节 推 理 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 These young cells are called stem cells, and doctors can use themto grow any type of tissue, such as skin, heart or ey

47、e.可 知 医 生 可 以 用 干 细 胞 来 生 长 任 何 类 型 的组 织 ， 故 选 B。答 案 ： B15. Whats the writers attitude to the development in regenerative medicine?A. Pessimistic.B. Optimistic.C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 We can not yet grow new arms or legs for people, but thescience fiction dream of r

48、egenerative medicine may be closer than we think. Perhaps in the future,doctors will be able to grow whole new bodies for us.再 生 医 学 的 科 幻 梦 可 能 比 我 们 想 象 的 更 接近 ， 也 许 在 将 来 ， 医 生 能 够 为 我 们 培 养 出 全 新 的 身 体 。 由 此 可 知 作 者 对 再 生 医 学 的 发 展 充 满 希 望 ， 是 乐 观 的 态 度 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B第 二 节 （ 共 5 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分

49、 ， 满 分 10 分 ）根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 。 选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项 。Many cosplay activities are being organized in China, making the subculture popular amongsome youths. Cosplay means costume play, in which participants wear costumes and fashionaccessories（ 配 饰 ） to represent a specific character. Whats the reason why youths are interested incosplay? 16 Cosplay participants often interact with each other to dress up as charactersfrom animes（ 动 漫 ） , cartoons, comic books, films, TV programs and video games. Youths wholove cosplay have their own sets of jokes,