2018年湖北省八校（鄂南高中、华师一附中、黄冈中学等）高三第二次联考试题英语及答案解析.docx

1、2018 年 湖 北 省 八 校 （ 鄂 南 高 中 、 华 师 一 附 中 、 黄 冈 中 学 等 ） 高 三 第二 次 联 考 试 题 英 语第 一 部 分 听 力 （ 略 ）第 二 部 分 阅 读 理 解 （ 共 两 节 ， 满 分 40 分 ）第 一 节 （ 共 15 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 30 分 ）阅 读 下 列 短 文 ， 从 每 题 所 给 的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四 个 选 项 中 ， 选 出 最 佳 选 项 。AChoosing where to live may be one of the biggest decisions youll make

2、 when you move toSydney, but youll have plenty of help.Temporary arrival accommodation Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a temporary place to stay. Onceyou get here, you can look for longer-term accommodation.-sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-termO n-campus-residential colleges

3、fully catered（ 饮 食 全 包 的 ）The University has eight residential colleges on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus,including International House, a residential community of global scholars. Colleges providecomfortable, fully furnished single rooms and daily meals, along with sporting, cultural,leadership

4、and social programs. They also include on-site tutorials（ 辅 导 课 ） in addition tocampus-based classes.-sydney.edu.au/collegesO n-campus residences (self-catered（ 饮 食 自 理 的 ）The University has two self-run residencesQueen Mary Building (QMB) and AbercrombieStudent Accommodationon the Camperdown/Darlin

5、gton Campus. Both just under a year old, they house up to 1000 students. These residences provide modern single-study rooms with largecommon living, learning and study spaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed musicrooms, art studios, sky lounges and rooftop gardens.-sydney.edu.au/campu

6、s-life/accommodation/live-on-campus.htmlO ff-campus livingMore than 90 percent of our students live off campus. The University is close to manydynamic and multicultural suburbs such as Annandale, Newtown, Chippendale and Glebe. A greatplace to search is our large online database of properties.-sydne

7、y.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-off-campus.html21. Where can you find a place to live temporarily?A. On “sydney.edu.au/colleges”.B. On “sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term”.C. On “sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus.html”. D. On “sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/

8、live-off-campus.html”.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 二 段 Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you booka temporary place to stay.和 -sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term 可 以 直 接 找 到 答 案 。 故 选B。答 案 ： B 22. What do students living in QMB have access to?A. Their own kitchens.B. On-site tutorials.C

9、 Daily meals.D. Gyms.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 On-campus residences (self-catered（ 饮 食 自 理 的 ） 中 的 Theseresidences provide modern single-study rooms with large common living, learning and studyspaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed music rooms, art studios, sky lounges androoftop ga

10、rdens.内 容 可 知 ， 生 活 在 QMB 的 学 生 是 可 以 进 入 体 育 馆 的 。 故 选 D。答 案 ： D23. What is the most popular choice among students?A. Living off campus. B. Living in host families.C. Living in self-catered flats on campus.D. Living in fully catered houses on campus.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 最 后 一 段 第 一 句 话 More th

11、an 90 percent of our students live offcampus.可 知 ， 超 过 90%的 学 生 选 择 外 宿 。 故 选 A。答 案 ： A BEveryone should be so lucky as to have a friend like Francia Raisa. On Thursday, singer andactress Selena Gomez, 25, used Instagram to explain why she was “laying low” this summer. Sheposted a photo of herself i

12、n a hospital bed with her friend Francia Raisa holding hands. She saidshe recently received a kidney transplant from her best friend because of complications（ 并 发 症 ）from lupus（ 狼 疮 ） , an autoimmune disease, which means it is the result of the immune system attacking normal tissue, including the ki

13、dneys, brain, heart and lungs.People with lupus may first experience tiredness, joint pain or a little bit of rash（ 皮 疹 ） ontheir bodies and can go for a long time before their doctors realize it is more serious. Many peoplesee two or four doctors before the real problem is picked up. According to D

14、r. Kyriakos Kirou,roughly a third to one-half of people with lupus develop kidney disease, and up to one in five ofthem will eventually need a transplant, sometimes because they werent treated with effectivedrugs to prevent the immune system from attacking the kidneys. Though Gomez said that she was

15、very well now,” she warned about the dangers of not taking medical diagnoses seriously, like sheinitially did.Her Instagram post also called attention to two major health topics: the need for living organdonators and the fact that Gomez represents three groups more likely to be diagnosed with lupus

16、and lupus-related kidney disease. Nine out of 10 people diagnosed with lupus are women, andmost develop the disease between the ages of 15 to 44. And lupus is two to three times more common among women of color, including Hispanic women, according to the Lupus Foundation.Raisa is Latina, and Gomezs

17、father is of Mexican origin. While its not essential that theorgan donator and receiver be of the same ethnicity, people who share a similar backgroundsometimes are better matched, according to data from the United Network for Organ Sharing. 24. What can we learn about Francia Raisa?A. She is lucky.

18、B. She is selfless.C. She is optimistic.D. She is encouraging.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 一 段 She said she recently received a kidney transplant from herbest friend because of complications（ 并 发 症 ） from lupus（ 狼 疮 ） , an autoimmune disease, whichmeans it is the result of the immune system attacking

19、 normal tissue, including the kidneys, brain,heart and lungs.可 以 推 断 出 她 的 朋 友 Francia Raisa 很 无 私 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B25. What is lupus like at its early stage?A. It is deadly. B. It is hard to recognize.C. Its symptoms are psychological.D. It reminds you of a kidney disease.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 第

20、二 段 第 一 句 People with lupus may first experience tiredness,joint pain or a little bit of rash(皮 疹 ) on their bodies and can go for a long time before theirdoctors realize it is more serious.可 以 推 断 出 狼 疮 在 初 期 很 难 被 识 别 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B26. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

21、A. People with lupus.B. Colored women lupus patients.C. Lupus patients with kidney disease.D. Women between the ages of 15 to 44. 解 析 ： 词 义 猜 测 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 二 段 According to Dr. Kyriakos Kirou, roughly a third to one-halfof people with lupus develop kidney disease, and up to one in five of them wil

22、l eventually need atransplant, sometimes because they werent treated with effective drugs to prevent the immunesystem from attacking the kidneys.可 知 them 指 代 前 句 中 people with lupus develop kidneydisease 患 肾 脏 疾 病 狼 疮 患 者 。 故 选 C。答 案 ： C27. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. Raisa and Go

23、mez have a similar background.B. Gomez has fully recovered thanks to the kidney from Raisa.C. It is vital for the donator and receiver to be of the same race.D. The organ from the donator of the same race matches the receiver better.解 析 ： 段 落 大 意 题 。 根 据 文 章 最 后 一 段 内 容 可 知 ， 本 段 主 要 写 来 自 同 一 种 族 的

24、 供 体 器 官 接 收 者 匹 配 更 好 。 故 选 D。答 案 ： D CA few weeks ago, I called an Uber to take me to the Boston airport for a flight home for the holidays. As I slid into the back seat of the car, the warm intonations（ 语 调 ） of the drivers accentwashed over me in a familiar way.I learned that he was a recent Wes

25、t African immigrant with a few young children, workinghard to provide for his family. I could relate: I am the daughter of two Ethiopian immigrants whomade their share of sacrifices to ensure my success. I told him I was on a college break and headedhome to visit my parents. Thats how he found out I

26、 go to Harvard. An approving eye glinted atme in the rearview window, and quickly, we crossed the boundaries of rider and driver. I becamehis daughter, all grown up the product of his sacrifice.And then came the fateful question: “What do you study?” I answered “history and literature”and the pride

27、in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didnt even get to add “andAfrican-American studies” before he cut in, his voice thick with disappointment, “All that work toget into Harvard, and you study history?”Here I was, his daughter, squandering the biggest opportunity of her life. He went on to deli

28、ver the age-old lecture that all immigrant kids know. We are to become doctors (or lawyers, ifour parents are being generous) to make money and send money back home. The unspokendemand, made across generations, which my Uber driver laid out plainly, is simple: Fulfill yourrole in the narrative（ 故 事

29、 of upward mobility so your children can do the same.I used to feel anxious and backed into a corner by the questioning, but now as a junior incollege, Im grateful for their support more than anything. This holiday season, Ive promisedmyself I wont huff and get annoyed at their inquiries. I wont de

30、fensively respond with “but Iplan to go to law school!” when I get unrequested advice. Ill just smile and nod, and enjoy thewarmth of the occasion.28. What disappointed the driver?A. The authors attitude towards him.B. The school that the author is attending.C. The authors majors in history and lite

31、rature. D. The authors interests inAfricanAmerican studies.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 三 段 and the pride in his voice faded, as I knew it might. I didnteven get to add ”and African-American studies” before he cut in, his voice thick withdisappointment, All that work to get into Harvard, and you stud

32、y history?可 以 推 断 出 司 机 对 作 者主 修 历 史 和 文 学 感 到 很 失 望 。 故 选 C。答 案 ： C29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “squandering” in Paragraph 4?A. wastingB. creatingC. valuingD. seizing解 析 ： 词 义 猜 测 题 。 由 这 位 优 步 移 民 司 机 先 自 豪 ， 然 后 失 望 以 及 接 着 对 我 的 教 训 这 一 情 感 变 化 的 线 索 可 以 推 测 出 ， 他 是

33、 认 为 “ 我 ” 浪 费 了 一 个 人 生 中 最 大 的 机 会 。 故 可 以 猜 测 出squandering 为 “ 浪 费 ” 之 意 。 故 选 A。答 案 ： A30. Why are immigrant kids expected to be doctors or lawyers? A. Their parents want them to move upward in society.B. Their parents are high achieving as well.C. They have more opportunities.D. They are very s

34、mart in general.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 倒 数 第 二 段 Fulfill your role in the narrative（ 故 事 ） of upwardmobility so your children can do the same.可 知 ， 他 们 的 父 母 希 望 他 们 在 社 会 上 向 上 发 展 。 故 选A。答 案 ： A31. How did the author react to the drivers questioning?A. Getting upset.B. Feeling satisfied.C. Defe

35、nding herself. D.Appreciating his concern.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 最 后 一 段 Ill just smile and nod, and enjoy the warmth of theoccasion.可 以 推 断 出 作 者 对 司 机 的 关 心 还 是 很 感 激 的 。 故 选 D。答 案 ： D DWhats small, buzzes here and there and visits flowers? If you said bees or hummingbirds,you got it. You would

36、nt be the first if you mixed the two up. Now a group of researchers even saywe should embrace our history of considering the two together in the same group. The wayscientists study bees could help them study hummingbird behavior, too.Scientists first compared the two back in the 1970s when studying

37、how animals search forfood. The idea is that animals use a kind of math to make choices in order to minimize the work ittakes to earn maximum rewards. Researchers at the time focused on movement rules, like the order in which they visited flowers, and where flowers were located relative to others. I

38、t was“ almost like an algorithm（ 章 法 ） ” for efficient searching, said David Pritchard, a biologist at theUniversity of St. Andrews in Scotland. Hummingbirds and bees had similar solutions.As the field of animal cognition（ 认 知 ） appeared, hummingbird and bee research parted.Neuroscientists and behav

39、ioral ecologists developed ways to study bee behavior in naturalisticsettings. Hummingbird researchers compared hummingbirds to other birds and borrowed methodsfrom psychology to study their ability to learn in the lab. To be fair, hummingbirds and bees differ.For example, hummingbirds have more adv

40、anced eyes and brains than bees. Honeybees andbumblebees are social; hummingbirds typically arent.But however they perceive（ 感 知 ） or process information, they both experience similarinformation, Dr. Pritchard said. In day-to-day searching for food, for example, hummingbirds mayrely on more of a bee

41、s-eye view than a birds-eye view. Like other birds, they rely on landmarks,distances and directions to make maps when travelling long distances, but they dont use these cues to find flowers. Move a flower just an inch or so away from where a hummingbird thought itwas and it will hover over the flowe

42、rs original location. Dr. Pritchard is investigating if, like bees,hummingbirds engage in view matching hovering, scanning snapshots of a place to its memoryand using those as references later.32. What is the center of research on hummingbirds and bees in the 1970s? A. Memory.B. Movement rules.C. Re

43、ward calculating.D. Information processing.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 二 段 中 Researchers at the time focused on movement rules, likethe order in which they visited flowers, and where flowers were located relative to others.可 知 ， 当时 的 研 究 人 员 把 注 意 力 集 中 在 运 动 规 则 上 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B33.Which subjects r

44、esearch methods were adopted to study the learning ability ofHummingbirds?A. Math.B. Biology. C. Ecology.D. Psychology.解 析 ： 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 三 段 中 Hummingbird researchers compared hummingbirds toother birds and borrowed methods from psychology to study their ability to learn in the lab.可 知 ，蜂

45、鸟 研 究 者 采 用 的 心 理 学 的 研 究 方 法 。 故 选 D。答 案 ： D34. How do researchers find out that hummingbirds are not like birds?A. By setting them free.B. By moving flowers.C. By matching view.D. By making maps.解 析 ： 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 文 章 最 后 一 段 内 容 及 Like other birds, they rely on landmarks, distances and directi

46、ons to make maps when travelling long distances, but they dont use these cues to findflowers. Move a flower just an inch or so away from where a hummingbird thought it was and itwill hover over the flowers original location.可 以 推 断 出 研 究 者 是 通 过 移 动 花 而 发 现 蜂 鸟 不 像鸟 。 故 选 B。答 案 ： B35. Which of the f

47、ollowing can be the best title for the text?A. Hummingbirds and BeesB. Hummingbirds in the LabC. New Trends in Studying BeesD. Thinking of Hummingbirds as Bees解 析 ： 主 旨 大 意 题 。 根 据 全 文 大 意 结 合 第 一 段 中 Now a group of researchers even say we shouldembrace our history of considering the two together in

48、 the same group. The way scientists study bees could help them study hummingbird behavior, too.两 句 话 可 以 确 定 最 佳 标 题 为 “ 把 蜂 鸟 看作 蜜 蜂 ” 。 故 选 D。答 案 ： D第 二 节 （ 共 5 小 题 ； 每 小 题 2 分 ， 满 分 10 分 ） 根 据 短 文 内 容 ， 从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 。 选 项 中 有 两 项 为 多 余 选 项 。The UN has recognized the c

49、ontributions of volunteers on Dec. 5, International VolunteerDay. Here, the four things are offered to consider before taking the leap into overseasvolunteering.Choose your organization carefully36 volunteering may be a fundraising mechanism（ 筹 资 机 制 ） for a developmentproject. For others, volunteering is fundamental to their programs, and those serving take onprofessional roles in longer-term development.37Volunteers want to help and make a difference, but most know this isnt a purely selfless act.You will learn new skills, broaden your horizons and come to better understand yourself