ASTM D8052D8052M-17 Standard Test Method for Quantification of Air Leakage in Low-Sloped Membrane Roof Assemblies.pdf

1、Designation: D8052/D8052M 17Standard Test Method forQuantification of Air Leakage in Low-Sloped MembraneRoof Assemblies1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8052/D8052M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revisio

2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method provides a laboratory technique fordetermining air leakage in low-sloped membrane roof

3、 assem-blies under specified negative air pressures differences.1.2 This test method is intended to measure air leakage of aroof assembly with rooftop penetrations.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system m

4、ay not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsi

5、bility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD7586/D7586M Test Method for Quantificat

6、ion of Air In-trusion in Low-Sloped Mechanically Attached MembraneRoof AssembliesE283 Test Method for Determining Rate of Air LeakageThrough Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and DoorsUnder Specified Pressure Differences Across the Speci-menE631 Terminology of Building ConstructionsE1677 Specificatio

7、n forAir Barrier (AB) Material or Systemfor Low-Rise Framed Building WallsE2357 Test Method for Determining Air Leakage of AirBarrier Assemblies2.2 CAN/CSA Standard:3CAN/CSA-A123.21-14 Standard Test Method for the Dy-namic Wind Uplift Resistance of Membrane-roofing Sys-tems3. Terminology3.1 Definiti

8、onsTerms used in this test method are definedin Terminology D1079, Terminology E631, Test Method E283,and Test Method D7586/D7586M.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The air leakage test consists of installing a roof assem-bly with five typical rooftop penetrations between twochambers, a bottom chamber wh

9、ere the roof assembly isinstalled in a horizontal plane and a top chamber through whichair is exhausted at a rate required to maintain the specifiedpressure difference across the roof assembly, and measuring theresultant air flow through the specimen. Although the roofassembly is tested in horizonta

10、l plane, the results are applicableto low slope roofs as defined in Terminology D1079.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method can be useful in understanding theresponse of low-sloped membrane roof assemblies to airpressure differences induced across the assembly.5.2 This test method can be usefu

11、l in understanding the roleof different roofing components in providing resistance to airleakage through the roof assembly.5.3 When applying the results of tests by this test method,note that the performance of a roof or its components, or both,depends on proper installation.5.4 This test method doe

12、s not purport to establish all criterianecessary for the consideration of air movement in the designof a roof assembly. Air intrusion in roofing systems is separateand distinct from air leakage in roofing systems. Test MethodD7586/D7586M provides an air intrusion test method formechanically attached

13、 roof assemblies. The results are in-tended to be used for comparison purposes and likely do notrepresent the field installed performance of the roof assembly.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofingand Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee

14、 D08.20 onRoofing Membrane Systems.Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2017. Published February 2017. DOI:10.1520/D8052_D8052M-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informatio

15、n, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Canadian Standards Association (CSA), 178 Rexdale Blvd.,Toronto, ON M9W 1R3, Canada, http:/www.csagroup.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United St

16、atesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to T

17、rade (TBT) Committee.16. Test Apparatus6.1 This description of the apparatus is general in nature,and any arrangement of the equipment capable of performingthe test method within the allowable tolerances is permitted.6.2 The major components of the test apparatus are shownin Fig. 1 and described bel

18、ow:6.2.1 Pressure BoxThe pressure box shall consist of twotest chambers designated as the top chamber and the bottomchamber.6.2.1.1 Top ChamberThe interior length and width dimen-sion of top chamber shall be minimum 6.1 m 20 ft long and2.44 m 8 ft wide, respectively. It shall have a minimum heightof

19、 0.9 m 3 ft and shall be movable. To measure the chamberpressure, it shall be fitted with at least one pressure tap.Provision shall be made for an opening on the top chamberthrough which the pipe network will be installed and connectedto the blower. The top chamber shall be provided with windowopeni

20、ngs to view the test specimen response and a gustsimulator. The gust simulator shall consist of flap valveconnected to a stepping motor through a timing belt arrange-ment. To facilitate the control of test pressures that is appliedover the test specimen, the top chamber shall be well sealed byapprop

21、riate sealing products. The top chamber shall be struc-turally resilient to resist deformation from wind loads inducedduring the wind conditioning.NOTE 1Sealing products such as non-hardening mastic compounds orpressure-sensitive tape can be used to achieve the air tightness in theconstruction of th

22、e pressure chamber, to seal the perimeter edges of thetest specimen to the bottom chamber and to seal the access door to thechamber.6.2.1.2 Bottom ChamberA supporting frame for the topchamber, which shall have a minimum interior length andwidth dimension of 6.1 m 20 ft long and 2.44 m 8 ft wide,resp

23、ectively, and a minimum height of 0.9 m 3 ft. The bottomchamber shall comprise a structural support on which the testspecimen shall be installed horizontally as shown in Fig. 1. Thestructural support shall be installed on a height adjustableplatform that can accommodate membrane roof assemblieswith

24、different thickness. The bottom chamber and the structuralsupport must be capable of supporting the loads transferredfrom the test assembly during the conditioned specified in 9.8.6.2.2 Air SystemA controllable blower designed to pro-vide the required airflow at the specified negative pressures.The

25、blower shall be capable of creating suction pressures of upto 5 kPa 100 psf.6.2.3 Pressure Measuring ApparatusA device for measur-ing the test pressure difference within a tolerance of 62%ofthe reading or 62.5 Pa 0.05 psf, whichever is greater.6.2.4 Airflow Measurement SystemA device to measurethe a

26、ir flow into the test chamber or through the test specimen.NOTE 2The accuracy of the specimen leakage flow measurement isaffected by the accuracy of the flowmeter and amount of extraneousleakage of the apparatus (see Annex A1 of Test Method E283).6.2.5 Data Acquisition SystemA computer based systemc

27、apable of reading and recording the pressure and airflowmeasurements.7. Test Specimen7.1 The specimens tested shall be representative of the fieldbuilt roofing assemblies. Therefore, the test specimens shall befabricated as prescribed by the proponent in providing for thespecimen construction requir

28、ed herein.7.2 The test specimen shall include the following fivepenetrations: wooden curb, metal curb, cast iron plumbing ventwith pre-manufactured boot, ABS (Acrylonitrile butadienestyrene), or PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) plumbing vent with fieldfabricated pipe seal, and a roof drain (see Fig. 2). All

29、FIG. 1 Air Leakage Test ApparatusD8052/D8052M 172penetrations shall be installed in accordance with the manu-facturers installation instructions. The penetrations shall becovered (see Fig. 3) to ensure that the measured air leakage isthrough the test specimen and not through the penetrationsduring t

30、he testing.7.3 The perimeter edges of the structural deck shall be flushto the interior of the bottom chamber and shall be sealed to thebottom chamber using suitable sealing products as shown inthe cross-sectional view (Fig. 3). This is crucial to ensure thatthe deck seams or joints are the flow pat

31、hs and not the deckedges.7.4 When insulated test specimens are tested, the top surfaceof the insulation board shall be flush with the top edges of thebottom chamber.7.5 To ensure that edges of the roofing membrane are notpart of the flow paths during air leakage testing, the roofingmembrane shall ha

32、ve a minimum overhang of 600 mm 24 in.on all the four sides and shall be sealed to the outside of thebottom chamber as shown in Fig. 3 by suitable sealing products(see Note 1).8. Calibration8.1 Calibration shall be performed in accordance to theprocedure described in Test Method E283.9. Test Procedu

33、re9.1 With the test specimen constructed in the bottom cham-ber and covered with the top chamber, the test procedurecomprises of measuring the extraneous leakage of the topchamber and air leakage of the test specimen.9.2 Ensure that the top chamber is tightly fixed to thebottom chamber during the te

34、st to make sure that no membraneslippage occurs. (See Note 3.)NOTE 3Clamping devices or gaskets may be used for tightening thetop chamber to the bottom chamber.9.3 To measure the extraneous leakage, close the gustsimulator, cover the specimen appropriately with a continuoussheet of roofing membrane

35、or a polyethylene sheet, andconnect the air system and airflow measurement system asshown in Fig. 3.FIG. 2 Typical Layout of Test SpecimenFIG. 3 General Arrangement of the Air Leakage SetupD8052/D8052M 1739.4 Apply suction of 25 Pa 0.5 psf, and maintain thepressure for one minute. Thereafter, raise

36、the suction and holdfor one minute as follows: 50 Pa 1.04 psf, 75 Pa 1.57 psf,100 Pa 2.09 psf, 150 Pa 3.13 psf, 250 Pa 5.22 psf, and 300Pa 6.27 psf. During the test, measure the extraneous leakageof the top chamber and record the results.9.5 During the entire testing process, the barometricpressure,

37、 temperature, and relative humidity of the air at thetest specimen shall be recorded.9.6 Express the measured extraneous leakage of the topchamber in terms of flow at standard conditions and plot therelationship between the air flow and pressure difference as perEq 1.Qe5 c P!n(1)where:Qe= air flow o

38、r extraneous leakage, L/s ft3/min,c = flow coefficient,P = pressure difference, andn = exponent indicating the flow types or openings.9.7 Pre-Conditioning Air Leakage:9.7.1 After the completion of the extraneous leakagemeasurement, remove the covering membrane or polyethylenesheet, and repeat the pr

39、ocedure 9.4 to measure the pre-conditioning air leakage of the test specimen. If the measuredair leakage is same as the extraneous leakage of specimen from9.6, proceed to 9.8, otherwise identify the air flow paths thatcould be the result of workmanship and seal themappropriately, and repeat 9.4. Des

40、ignate this measured air flowas the extraneous air flow, Qe.9.8 Wind Pressure Conditioning:9.8.1 Subject the test specimen to CSAA123.21-14 Level Adynamic load cycle with a test wind pressure of 2.8 kPa 60psf (Fig. 4).9.8.2 After the wind pressure conditioning, the test speci-men shall be inspected

41、by the testing agency for any signs offailure such as seam delamination, membrane tear, construc-tion details failure, and so forth. The test specimen shall notdemonstrate any change in structure that would affect theintegrity of the assembly.9.9 Post Conditioning Air Leakage:9.9.1 The air leakage t

42、est of 9.4 shall be repeated after windconditioning to quantify the air leakage of the test specimen.This measured air leakage is designated the total air leakage,Qt.10. Calculation10.1 At each pressure level, the flow rate through the testspecimen (Qs) shall be determined by subtracting the extrane

43、-ous air flow (Qe) from the total air leakage (Qt).Qs5 Qt2 Qe(2)10.2 Calculate the rate of air leakage in accordance with thefollowing method:Rate of air leakage per unit area 5 QsA (3)where:A = area of the test specimen.11. Report11.1 The test report shall contain the following information:date of

44、test and report, the name of the author of the report, andthe names and addresses of the party commissioning the test.11.2 Detailed description of the construction method of thetest specimen, the name(s) of the manufacturer(s) of allcomponents, and a description of all components.11.3 Detailed drawi

45、ngs of the specimen showing dimen-sioned section profiles.11.4 Where additional specimen(s) are tested, results for allspecimens shall be reported, with each specimen being prop-erly identified, particularly with respect to distinguishingfeatures or differing adjustment.11.5 List the ambient air tem

46、perature, relative humidity, andbarometric pressure as measured and recorded during the test.11.6 Tabulation of the applied negative pressures on the testspecimen and the corresponding air flow rates.11.7 Time history plot of the wind pressure loading shall bereported.11.8 The measured air flow vers

47、us pressure difference datain graphic form (log/log graph) for the test specimen. The flowrate equation shall be established through linear fitting of dataFIG. 4 CSA A123.21-14 Level A: 2200 CyclesD8052/D8052M 174by method of least squares. The coefficient of determination(r2) must be calculated and

48、 presented.11.9 All air leakage rates must be expressed in L/s.m2andthe air leakage rate at the reference pressure of 75 Pa must beidentified on the graph.12. Precision and Bias12.1 The accuracy required for the determination air leak-age is affected by the extraneous leakage of the testing chambera

49、nd the appropriate sealing measures, such as in 7.2 and 7.4.12.2 The repeatability relative standard deviation is deter-mined to be between 2 to 5 %. For example, the standarddeviation of air flow measurements at each test pressure levelfrom two identical specimens would be expected to rangebetween 2 to 5 % of the mean. The reproducibility of this testmethod is being determined and will be available on or beforeDecember 2019.13. Keywords13.1 air; air flow; air leakage; flow; flow meter; laboratorymethod; me