ASTM B240-17 Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings.pdf

1、Designation: B240 17Standard Specification forZinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form forFoundry and Die Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, th

2、e year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification co

3、vers commercial zinc and zinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys in ingot form for remelting for themanufacture of pressure die castings, foundry castings andcontinuous cast bar stock as designated and specified in Table1. Seven alloy compositions are specified, designated asfollows:Common Traditional ASTMAUNSAAl

4、loy 3 Zamak 3 AG 40A Z33524Alloy 7 Zamak 7 AG 40B Z33526Alloy 5 Zamak 5 AC 41A Z35532Alloy 2 Zamak 2 AC 43A Z35544ZA-8 ZA-8 . Z35637ZA-12 ZA-12 . Z35632ZA-27 ZA-27 . Z35842ACuZinc52ACuZinc5 . Z46540ASee Table 1, footnote B.1.2 Zinc alloys Z33524, Z33526, Z35532, Z46540, andZ35544 are used primarily

5、for remelting in the manufacture ofpressure die castings. Zinc-aluminum alloys Z35637, Z35632,and Z35842 are used for remelting in the manufacture of bothfoundry and pressure die castings. Castings made from theseingots are specified in Specification B86, Standard Specifica-tion for Zinc and Zinc-Al

6、uminum Alloys for Foundry and DieCastings.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 Systems of nomenclature used to designate zinc andzinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys used for casting are described inAppendix X1.1

7、.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateSafety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as providedb

8、y the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health,and environmental practices, and determine the applicabilityof regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in th

9、e Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on dataof order acceptance form a part of th

10、is specification to theextent referenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:3B86 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) AlloyFoundry and Die CastingsB275 Practice for Codification of Certain Zinc, Tin and LeadDie CastingsB897 Specification for Configuration of Zinc and ZincAlloyJumbo, Block, Half Bloc

11、k, and Slab IngotB899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Al-loysB908 Practice for the Use of Color Codes for Zinc CastingAlloy IngotB949 Specification for General Requirements for Zinc andZinc Alloy ProductsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance wi

12、th SpecificationsE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)E536 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and ZincAlloys1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subc

13、ommitteeB02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published November 2017. Originallyapproved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B240 13. DOI:10.1520/B0240-17.2ACuZinc and ACuZinc5 are registered trade names of the General MotorsCorporation.3For referenced AST

14、M standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM

15、International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standa

16、rds, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.12.3 Other ASTM Document:Methods for Emission Spectrochemical Analysis42.4 ISO Standards:5ISO 301 Zinc Alloy Ingots Intended for CastingISO 38151 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 1:Analysis of

17、 solidsamples by optical emission spectrometry.ISO 38152 Zinc and zinc alloys Part 2: Analysis byinductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.3. Terminology3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with TerminologyB899.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 continuous ca

18、sting, na casting technique in which acast is continuously withdrawn through the bottom of the moldas it solidifies, so that its length is not determined by molddimensions; used chiefly to produce semifinished mill productssuch as billets, blooms, ingots, slabs and tubes; also known asconcast.3.2.2

19、die casting, na casting process in which moltenmetal is injected under high velocity and pressure into a metaldie and solidified, also a product produced by such a process.Alternately known as pressure die casting.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for ingot under this specification shall includeinfo

20、rmation as specified in Specification B949.5. Materials and Manufacturer5.1 The material covered by this specification shall be ofuniform quality and reasonably free from dross, adheringforeign matter, and surface oxide.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The ingots shall conform to the requirements as toch

21、emical composition prescribed in Table 1. Conformanceshall be determined in accordance with Specification B949.7. Ingot Sizes and Shapes7.1 Zinc casting alloy ingots are typically supplied in ingotbundles weighing 1700 to 2400 lb.7.2 Ingots and bundles vary in size and weight depending onthe alloy a

22、nd supplier.7.2.1 Standard ingots have a nominal weight in the range of17 to 24 lb. and are generally 24 to 26 in. long.7.2.2 Margash bars or ingots come in two sizes with anominal weight in the range of either 12 to 14 lb. or 20 to 24lb.7.3 Zinc casting alloy ingot may be ordered in jumbos orblocks

23、, as specified in Specification B897.7.4 Zinc casting alloy ingot may also be ordered in othershapes.8. Sampling for Determination of Chemical Composition8.1 Sampling procedures shall be in accordance with appro-priate provisions of Specification B949.9. Methods for Chemical Analysis9.1 The determin

24、ation of chemical composition shall bemade in accordance with Specification B949.4Methods for Emission Spectrochemical Analysis: General Practices,Nomenclature, Standard Methods, Proposed Methods, Suggested Methods, ASTMInternational, 1982.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

25、, 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.TABLE 1 Chemical and North American Color Code RequirementsAlloy 3A,B,C,D,GAlloy 7A,B,C,D,GAlloy 5A,B,C,D,GAlloy 2A,B,C,D,GZA-8B,C,E,GZA-12B,C,E,GZA-27B,C,E,GACuZinc5B,C,GZamak 3 Zamak 7 Zamak 5 Zamak 2 ZA-8 ZA-12 ZA-27 ACuZinc5(AG40

26、A) (AG40B) (AC41A) (AC43A)(Z33524) (Z33526) (Z35532) (Z35544) (Z35637) (Z35632) (Z35842) (Z46540)Color CodeFNone Brown Black Green Blue Orange Purple RedElementAluminum 3.9-4.3 3.9-4.3 3.9-4.3 3.9-4.3 8.2-8.8 10.8-11.5 25.5-28.0 2.8-3.3Magnesium 0.03-0.06 0.010-0.020 0.03-0.06 0.025-0.05 0.02-0.03 0

27、.02-0.03 0.012-0.020 0.035-0.050Copper 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.7-1.1 2.7-3.3 0.9-1.3 0.5-1.2 2.0-2.5 5.2-6.0Iron, Max 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.05 0.07 0.05Lead, Max 0.0040 0.0030 0.0040 0.0040 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.004Cadmium, Max 0.0030 0.0020 0.0030 0.0030 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.003Tin, Max 0.0015 0

28、.0010 0.0015 0.0015 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002Nickel - - - 0.005-0.020 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -ZincGRemainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder Remainder RemainderAZinc alloy ingot for die casting may contain nickel, chromium, silicon, and manganese in amounts of up to 0.02,

29、0.02, 0.035 and 0.05 %, respectively. No harmful effectshave ever been noted due to the presence of these elements in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements, except that nickelanalysis is required for Z33526.BASTM alloy designations were established i

30、n accordance with Practice B275. UNS assignations were established in accordance with Practice E527. The last digit of aUNS number differentiates between alloys of similar composition. UNS designations for ingot and casting versions of an alloy were not assigned in the same sequencefor all alloys.CF

31、or purposes of acceptance and rejection, the observed value or calculated value obtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures, used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Practice E29.DWhen this

32、 material is required to conform to ISO Standard 301, the chemical limits for thallium and indium each shall not exceed 0.001 %.EZinc-aluminum ingot for foundry and pressure die casting may contain nickel, chromium, and manganese in amounts of up to 0.01 % each or 0.03 % total. No harmfuleffects hav

33、e ever been noted due to the presence of these elements in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements.FRefer to Practice B908. (Note: Colors indicated are for North American applications.)GDetermined arithmetically by difference.B240 1729.2 In case of dis

34、pute, the results secured by an approvedmethod (or combination of approved methods), or by a methodagreed upon by both parties, shall be the basis of acceptance.9.2.1 Approved methods include: Test Methods E536, ISO38151, or ISO 38152.NOTE 1Test Methods E536 is directly applicable, in an unmodifiedf

35、orm, only to alloys 3, 5 and 7. ISO 38151 and ISO 38152 are genericmethods applied to zinc and zinc alloys. Each of the methods may bemodified and formatted for the alloy to be assayed. An experiencedchemist, using suitable and/or traceable standards along with valid qualityassurance techniques, wil

36、l be able to perform and validate the methodsand demonstrate acceptable precision and accuracy.9.3 For purposes of determining compliance with specifiedcomposition limits as given in Table 1, an observed orcalculated value shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the lastright-hand place of figures s

37、hown in Table 1, in accordancewith the rounding method of Practice E29.10. Source Inspection10.1 Source inspection provisions shall be in accordancewith Specification B949.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Claims for rejection and rehearing shall be in accor-dance with Specification B949.12. Identific

38、ation Marking12.1 All ingots shall be properly marked for identification inaccordance with Specification B949.13. Certification13.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract,certification of the product shall be in accordance with Speci-fication B949.14. Preparation for Delivery14.1 Packaging

39、Unless otherwise specified, the ingot shallbe packaged to provide adequate protection during normalhandling and transportation. Each package shall contain onlyone alloy unless otherwise agreed upon.15. Keywords15.1 ACuZinc5; bar stock; castings; concast; continuouscast bar stock; die castings; found

40、ry castings; permanent moldcastings; pressure die castings; prototyping; sand castings; ZAalloys; Zamak; zinc; zinc-aluminum alloys; zinc metalAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. NOMENCLATURE SYSTEMS FOR ZINC AND ZINC-ALUMINUM (ZA) ALLOYSX1.1 The information in this appendix does not constitute ap

41、art of this specification but is provided for informationalpurposes only. The nomenclature covers commercial zinc andzinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys in ingot form for remelting for themanufacture of pressure die castings and foundry castings, asdesignated and specified in Table 1.X1.2 Several different sy

42、stems of nomenclature haveevolved over the years to designate the zinc alloys used forcasting, as listed in Table X1.1.X1.2.1 Common names refer to the long established zinccasting alloys by number based their sequential developmentpreceded by the word Alloy. Zinc-aluminum alloys (with ahigher alumi

43、num content that the conventional zinc die castingalloys) use the prefix ZA followed by their approximatealuminum content. These terms are in common usage.X1.2.2 Traditional names for the long established zinccasting alloys use the prefix ZAMAK which was devised basedon the major elements present: z

44、inc, aluminum, magnesiumand kopper (copper). Zinc-aluminum alloys use the prefix ZAfollowed by their approximate aluminum content. These termsare in common usage.X1.2.3 ASTM designations are established in Practice B275based on alloy chemistry. The first letter, A, refers to theprincipal alloying el

45、ement, aluminum. The second letter, G(magnesium) or C (copper), refers to the second most signifi-cant alloying element. The first number, 4, refers to thenominal aluminum content. The second number refers to thenominal content to the second most significant alloying ele-ment. The last letter, A or

46、B, differentiates between alloys ofsimilar composition. Prior to the adoption of this designationsystem by ASTM, alloys were identified by Roman numerals,for example, XXI, XXIII and XV designated AC43A, AG40Aand AC41A, respectively.X1.2.4 UNS numbers are established in Practice E527(SAE J1086) as pa

47、rt of a Unified Numbering System to providea unique designation for each metal grade and alloy in useworldwide. Zinc alloys start with the prefix “Z” followed byfive numbers. The first digit is based on the major alloyingTABLE X1.1 Nomenclature Systems for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum(ZA) AlloysCommon Tra

48、ditional ASTM UNSAlloy 3 Zamak 3 AG 40A Z33524Alloy 7 Zamak 7 AG 40B Z33526Alloy 5 Zamak 5 AC 41A Z35532Alloy 2 Zamak 2 AC 43A Z35544ZA-8 ZA-8 . Z35637ZA-12 ZA-12 . Z35632ZA-27 ZA-27 . Z35842ACuZinc5 ACuZinc5 . Z46540B240 173element, the second digit provides a further sub-classificationbased on sec

49、ondary and tertiary alloying elements, the thirddigit designates the nominal composition of the of the majoralloying element, the fourth digit designates the nominalconcentration of the second most important alloying element,and the fifth digit allows a unique number to be established todifferentiate between similar compositions.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B02 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B24013)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved November 1, 2017.)(1) UNS numbe