ASTM D4627-12(2017) Standard Test Method for Iron Chip Corrosion for Water–Miscible Metalworking Fluids.pdf

1、Designation: D4627 12 (Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forIron Chip Corrosion for WaterMiscible MetalworkingFluids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4627; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the

2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous cor-rosion control characteristics of watermiscible metalwor

3、kingfluids.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 ExceptionNote 1 contains inch-pound units sincethe drill sizes and feed rates do not have readily availablemetric equivalents.1.2.2 ExceptionU.S. Standard siev

4、e sizes include meshvalues.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulato

5、ry limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organ

6、ization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Terminology2.1 Definitions:2.1.1 rust, ncorrosion product consisting primarily ofhydrated iron oxides.2.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:2.2.1 breakpoint, nweakest concentration of the water-miscible metalworking fluid tested that

7、 leaves no rust stain onthe filter paper.3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Cast iron chips are placed in a petri dish containing afilter paper and diluted metalworking fluid. The dish is coveredand allowed to stand overnight. The amount of rust stain on thefilter paper is an indication of the corrosion c

8、ontrol provided bythe fluid.4. Significance and Use4.1 The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline indetermining the ability of water-miscible metalworking fluidsto prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There isusually a relationship between the results of this test and as

9、imilar ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nestedparts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must beunderstood, however, that conditions, metal types, etc. found inpractice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlledlaboratory conditions. The procedure may not be ab

10、le todifferentiate between two products with poor rust control dueto the wide spacing between test dilutions.5. Apparatus5.1 Disposable Petri Dishes, 35 mm by 10 mm plastic, withlids.5.2 Glass-Fiber Filter Paper, 1.5 m particle retentionrating, 3.2 cm diameter.5.3 Glass Stirring Rod.5.4 Spatula.5.5

11、Pipettes, 5 mL.5.6 Glass Bottle, 4 oz with cap.5.7 Balance, accurate to 1 mg.5.8 Graduated Cylinder, 50 mL.5.9 Volumetric Flask, 1L.5.10 Forceps.5.11 U.S. Standard Sieve, 18 mesh (1.0 mm sieve openings),stainless steel.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Gray Cast Iron Drilling Chips.2NOTE 1The chips are m

12、ade from Class 30 gray cast iron (UNS1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published

13、December 2017. Originallyapproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4627 12. DOI:10.1520/D4627-12R17.2Iron chips produced and packaged according to the directions given in Note 1are commercially available.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho

14、hocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Orga

15、nization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1F10006), as cast. The structure is mostly pearlite with small amounts offerrite and type A graphite. Brinell hardness is 179217. The chips aremade using a clean, oil free jobbers length high speed drill of 29/64 in.diameter with 118 plain point,

16、29 helix and 1215 clearance. Rotationalspeed should be 500 rpm at a feed rate of 0.015 in. rev. Hand feeding isnot permissible. The chips are sieved on 5 mesh and 18 mesh sieves andthose retained on the 18 mesh sieve are immediately stored in airtight pintglass bottles. Each drilling is given a batc

17、h number. The bottle labels bearthis batch number and the date of filling.6.2 Synthetic Hard Water, 20 000 mg L stock solutionprepared by dissolving 29.4 g reagent grade (ACS standard)CaCl22H2O in 1 L of freshly boiled distilled water.Amoderatehardness water is necessary in this test (100 ppm as CaC

18、O3,71 mg L as chloride), and can be prepared at the time of thetest by diluting the stock hard water 0.5 % in distilled water.6.3 Metalworking Fluid of Interest.7. Preparation of Diluted Metalworking Fluid7.1 Prepare 50 mL of fluid at each desired concentration byweight % in the 100 mg L hardness wa

19、ter described above.The water must be at room temperature as described in 8.1.Always add the metalworking fluid concentrates into the water.7.2 The dilutions tested will be in weight % as follows:0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 %Each dilution must be separately prepared. Stock emulsionssubseq

20、uently diluted must not be used.7.3 Cap the bottle (5.6) and shake vigorously until disper-sion is complete.8. Procedure8.1 Make the test in a room free from corrosive fumes, awayfrom direct sunlight, and a room temperature of 20 C to 25 C.8.2 Sieve the cast iron chips (6.1) on the 18 mesh screen(5.

21、11), rejecting the fines and any chips showing signs of rust.NOTE 2Do not allow the chips to come in contact with the skin.NOTE 3Store the chips in an airtight glass bottle.8.3 Using forceps (5.10), place the filter paper (5.2)inthebottom half of a clean, dry petri dish (5.1). Place the smoothside o

22、f the paper down and the rough side up to contact thechips.8.4 Measure 5.0 mL of diluted metalworking fluid into thedish.8.5 Using the spatula (5.4) to handle the chips, weigh 4.0 g6 0.1 g of cast iron chips and sprinkle into the petri dish. Usethe stirring rod (5.3) to be certain all chips are subm

23、erged, allair bubbles released, and the chips are evenly distributed.8.6 Cover the dish with its lid and allow to stand for 20 h to24 h.8.7 Drain the fluid from the dish. Invert the dish on its lidand tap to remove the chips.8.8 Rinse the filter paper with running tap water for about5 s to remove an

24、y discoloration due to the fluid.8.9 After rinsing, estimate the percent of the filter paper areawhich was stained by rusting chips. This is done by visualexamination (without magnification) of the side of the paperthat was in contact with the chips.8.10 The “breakpoint” is defined as the weakest co

25、ncentra-tion tested that left no rust stain on the filter paper. This valuemay be used to compare the rust inhibiting properties ofvarious fluids.9. Report9.1 Report as “breakpoint” the weakest concentration testedthat left no rust stain on the filter paper.9.2 Report the estimated percentage of rus

26、t stain on the filterpaper for each concentration tested.10. Precision and Bias310.1 PrecisionThe precision of this test method as deter-mined by the statistical examination of interlaboratory testresults is as follows (see Table 1):10.2 RepeatabilityThe difference between two successivetest results

27、 obtained by the same operator with the sameapparatus under constant operating conditions on identical testmaterial would, in the long run, in the normal and correctoperation of the test method exceed the following values onlyin one case in twenty.Repeatability 5 0.64 for sample Nos. 1, 3, 4, and 5

28、(1)10.3 ReproducibilityThe difference between two singleand independent results obtained by different operators work-ing in different laboratories on identical test material would, inthe long run, exceed the following values only in one case intwenty.Reproducibility 5 1.85 for sample Nos. 1, 3, 4, a

29、nd 5 (2)10.4 BiasThe procedure in this test method for iron chipcorrosion test for watermiscible metalworking fluids has nobias because the Corrosion Values can be defined only in termsof a test method.11. Keywords11.1 corrosion test; ferrous corrosion test; iron chip corro-sion test; metalworking f

30、luid corrosion test; water-misciblefluids corrosion test3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1746.D4627 12 (2017)2ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conne

31、ction with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsi

32、ble technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful co

33、nsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100

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35、bsite(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Breakpoint Replicate ResultsREPLICATE RESULTS_ Data_ Program_ Form APage_of_Date_Instructions:X1is 1st resultX

36、2is 2nd resultSum total labsm=10Sum total samplesn=6SAMPLE NUMBER (j)12345678910LABORATORYNUMBER(i)1X1X25%5%10 %10 %2%2.5 %2%2.5 %3%4%10 %10 %2X1X210 %10 %7%7%3%3%3%4%4%4%10 %10 %3X1X22.5 %.10 %.3%.3%.5%.10 %.4X1X23%3%7%7%2.5 %2.5 %3%3%3%4%10 %10 %5X1X22%2.5 %5%10 %2.5 %2.5 %2.5 %2.5 %4%4%10 %10 %6X1X22.5 %3%10 %10 %3%3%2.5 %3%5%5%10 %10 %7X1X22%2.5 %10 %10 %3%2.5 %2%2%3%3%10 %10 %8X1X22.5 %3%5%7%3%2.5 %3%4%2.5 %3%7%10 %9X1X22.5 %2%5%7%2.5 %2.5 %2.5 %2.5 %4%4%10 %10 %10X1X22%2.5 %10 %10 %3%3%3%3%3%3%10 %10 %D4627 12 (2017)3