ASTM F2842-11(2017) Standard Specification for Reins Used in Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse Racing.pdf

1、Designation: F2842 11 (Reapproved 2017) An American National StandardStandard Specification forReins Used in Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse Racing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2842; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in

2、 the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 The specification describes minimum performance cri-teria and describes test method

3、s for reins for use in thorough-bred and quarter horse racing activities.1.2 Except where noted, the values stated in SI units are tobe regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesesare for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, a

4、ssociated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized prin

5、ciples on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D6775 Test Method for Breaking

6、Strength and Elongation ofTextile Webbing, Tape and Braided MaterialE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing2.2 Other Standards:3SAE J211 Recommended Practice for Instrumentation forImpact Tests Requirements for Channel Class 100

7、03. Terminology3.1 The terminology relating to tensile testing in Terminol-ogy E6 applies to this specification. In addition, the followingdefinitions will apply:3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 breaking forcethe maximum load at which a tensilefailure occurs.3.2.2 connecting hardwareany hardware that connects

8、therein system components in series or in parallel along which therein forces will act.3.2.2.1 DiscussionConnecting hardware may include snaphooks, D-rings, loops, links, anchorage hardware, and buckles.3.2.3 gripthe length of rein assembly normally coveredwith a non-slip material that is intended t

9、o be gripped by therider.3.2.4 maximum breaking forcea specified value that thebreaking force shall not exceed in a prescribed test.3.2.5 minimum breaking forcea specified value that thebreaking force must meet or exceed in a prescribed test.3.2.6 primary rein systemany natural or synthetic material

10、or assembly designed for the purpose of controlling a horsewhile riding or driving.3.2.7 rein system section 1the portion of the rein systemdefined as the section between the mid-point of the grip anddistal loop end of the rein system.3.2.7.1 DiscussionRein system section 1 may or may notinclude som

11、e type of secondary rein system designed to permitthe rein system to remain functional should the primary reinsystem fail between the grip and connecting hardware or loopend of the rein.3.2.8 rein system section 2the portion of the rein systemdefined as the section between the mid-point of the grip

12、of theright rein leading away from loop end to the mid-point of thegrip of the left rein.3.2.8.1 DiscussionRein system section 2 may include abuckle assembly for connecting two single sections of rein.Rein system section 2 shall not include a secondary rein systembut may include connecting hardware.

13、3.2.9 secondary rein systemany natural or synthetic ma-terial or assembly designed to activate and function after afailure of the primary rein system.4. Significance and Use4.1 All test procedures described in this specification are tobe performed on new rein systems.1This specification is under the

14、 jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.55 on Body Padding.Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originallyapproved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2842 11

15、.DOI:10.1520/F2842-11R17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from SAE International (S

16、AE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizatio

17、n established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.14.2 This specification is intended to measure the breakingforce of the primary rein system and sec

18、ondary rein system (ifapplicable) as well as the breaking force of rein section 2 whenloaded in a tensile testing machine.4.3 This specification is not meant to be all inclusive sincespecial circumstances may occur that dictate the use ofnonconforming procedures for evaluation of a rein system.These

19、 special circumstances and the requirements they estab-lish cannot be totally anticipated and therefore must beconsidered on an individual basis.5. Apparatus5.1 Testing MachinesMachines used for tension testingshall conform to the requirements of Practices E4. The loadsused in used in determining th

20、e breaking force of the reins shallbe within the loading range of the tensile machine as defined inPractices E4.5.2 Gripping Devices:5.2.1 GeneralVarious types of gripping devices may beused to transmit the measured load applied by the testingmachine to the test specimens. To ensure axial tensile st

21、resswithin the gage length, the axis of the test specimen shouldcoincide with the center line of the heads of the machine. Anydeparture from this requirement may introduce bendingstresses that are not included in the usual stress computation. Itis essential that any gripping mechanism, whether it be

22、 awinch, wedge grip, or slip drum clamp, not cause any damageor stress concentration in the test material that might influencethe breaking strength. Failure away from the area of thegripping mechanism is generally sufficient to demonstrate this.5.2.2 Shackle and Eye BoltsA shackle and eye-bolt loopa

23、ssembly may be used at one end of the testing machine toattach the loop end of the rein system to the testing machine.Where the loop end of the rein passes over the shackle or eyebolt, the minimum effective diameter of the bearing surfacemust exceed 5 mm. The maximum load capacity of the shackleand

24、eye bolt must at least be greater than the 10 kN (2250 lb).5.2.3 Tie Down WinchA tie down winch assembly may beused at one of the testing machine to attach the strap or gripsection of the rein system to the testing machine. The tie downwinch assembly shall have sufficient diameter that severalrevolu

25、tions of strap section may be wrapped around the winchrod and held in place during tensile loading.5.2.4 Wedge GripsTesting machines usually are equippedwith wedge grips. These wedge grips generally furnish asatisfactory means of gripping long specimens of ductilematerial. If, however, for any reaso

26、n, one grip of a pairadvances farther than the other as the grips tighten, anundesirable bending stress may be introduced. When liners areused behind the wedges, they must be of the same thicknessand their faces must be flat and parallel. For best results, thewedges should be supported over the enti

27、re lengths of theheads of the testing machine. This requires that liners of severalthicknesses be available to cover the range of specimenthickness. For proper gripping, it is desirable that the entirelength of the serrated face of each wedge be in contact with thespecimen. It is essential that the

28、rein system is uniformlygripped when the load is applied.5.2.5 Split Drum ClampsSplit drum type clamping sys-tems that conform to Specification D6775 may be used toclamp the rein systems in the testing machine. Ensure that theclamps are positioned such that they are facing opposite ofeach other in o

29、rder to ensure that the applied forces are actingthrough the rein system and no off-axis loading is occurring.5.3 Recording EquipmentThe recording equipment shallmeet the following criteria:5.3.1 Force TransducerA load cell or force transducershall be mounted at the top or bottom of the support asse

30、mblyin such a manner that it shall be capable of reporting themagnitude of the axial tensile force applied to the rein systemthroughout the entire duration of the testing sequence. The loadcell shall be capable of measuring a force of at least 13.3 kN(3000 lb).5.3.2 Force RecordingThe force applied

31、to the rein sys-tem shall be recorded using digital data processing thatcomplies with the requirements of SAE J211. The minimumsampling rate shall not be less than 100 Hz and the resolutionof the data acquisition system shall not be less than 12 bits(including sign).5.3.3 Signal filteringAnalog or d

32、igital filtering of theforce data channel shall comply with the requirements of SAEJ211.6. Performance Requirements6.1 When the rein section 1 samples are tested according tothe procedures described in Section 9, the maximum breakingforce for the primary rein system shall be greater than 2.22 kN(500

33、 lb). If the primary rein section breaks at a maximum forceof less than 2.22 kN (500 lb), then the rein shall be consideredto fail this performance requirement. Upon breakage of theprimary rein system, a secondary rein system shall be actuatedand the maximum breaking force for the secondary rein sys

34、temof rein section 1 shall be greater than 2.22 kN (500 lb) whentested according to the procedures described in Section 9.6.2 When the rein section 2 samples are tested according tothe procedures described in Section 9, the breaking force shallnot exceed 3.3 kN (750 lb).7. Sampling and Test Schedule

35、7.1 A total of six complete rein systems as offered for saleshall be required for testing to this specification. Each rein shallbe prepared in accordance with the procedures in 9.1 and testedin accordance with the procedures described in 9.2.7.2 Testing must begin within ten minutes after the testsa

36、mple is removed from the conditioning environment.8. Conditioning8.1 Three-rein systems shall be conditioned for a period ofnot less than four hours at laboratory conditions which shall beat a temperature of 21 6 3C (70 6 5F) and a relativehumidity of 50 6 15 %. Record the temperature to the nearest

37、degree and the relative humidity to the nearest percent at thetime of testing on the report form for each test series.8.2 Three-rein systems shall be conditioned by fully im-mersing ina2%chlorhexidine solution at a temperature of 19F2842 11 (2017)26 4C (66 6 7F) and diluted at a ratio of 20:1 (water

38、 :disinfectant). Sufficient solution shall be prepared to fullyimmerse the rein section. Each rein section shall be immersedin the disinfectant cleaner solution for a period 60 6 15 s. Priorto testing, the rein system shall be removed from the disinfec-tant cleaner solution and any excess cleaner sh

39、all be allowed todrip off the rein system prior to mounting on the test fixture.8.3 All tests shall be performed under the conditions de-scribed in 8.1.9. Test Methods9.1 Sample Preparation:9.1.1 Prepare the test samples by isolating the bit end of thereins and the mid-point of the rubber grip secti

40、on of each rein.These samples shall be designated as rein section 1 samples.9.1.1.1 The length of the rein section 1 sample shall besufficient to include both the primary rein system and thesecondary rein system (if applicable) and shall not compromisethe integrity of either the primary or the secon

41、dary system.9.1.2 Prepare an additional set of test samples using theremaining section of rein samples that were not used as reinsection 1 test samples as prepared in 9.1.1. These samples shallbe designated as rein section 2 samples.9.1.2.1 The rein section 2 samples shall be prepared bycutting the

42、section 2 samples at the geometric middle of thereins or separating the tail ends of the rein. For most testsamples, the location of a buckle assembly represents thegeometric middle of the reins. If the rein does not have abuckle assembly, measure the total length of the rein system 2(that is, the c

43、omplete left and right rein sections after prepara-tion of the rein section 1 samples). Half of this lengthrepresents the geometric middle of the mid-rein section.9.2 Sample Testing:9.2.1 Rein Section 1 Sample Testing:9.2.1.1 Place the sample in the testing machine, ensuringthat the integrity of the

44、 primary and secondary systems is notcompromised as a result of the gripping of the test sample inthe testing machine.9.2.1.2 If the rein system includes a secondary rein system,connect the secondary rein system according to the manufac-turers instructions.9.2.1.3 After the sample is placed in the t

45、est machine,complete the zeroing procedure before testing begins. Startapplying the load to the test sample. The rate of loading shallbe 75 6 25 mm/min (3 6 0.1 in/min) when the rate is under theoperator control. Apply the load until a failure occurs. Thisfailure will normally be indicated by a subs

46、tantial reductionfrom a maximum load and a noise or visual indication that theprimary rein system has broken. The maximum value obtainedduring this part of the test represents the maximum breakingforce of the primary rein system of rein section 1.9.2.1.4 If the rein system includes a secondary rein

47、and ifthe breaking force is less than specified in 6.1 then continue toapply the load at a maximum rate of 75 6 25 mm/min until asubstantial reduction from the maximum reading occurs asecond time. This reduction will normally be accompanied bya noise or visual indication that the secondary rein syst

48、em hasbroken. The maximum value obtained during this part of thetest represents the maximum breaking force of the secondaryrein system of rein section 1.9.2.1.5 Measure the distance from the point of attachment tothe rein or grip assembly opposite the loop end to the point offailure. If the rein sec

49、tion 1 failure occurs within a distanceequivalent to six times the width of the rein system from thepoint of attachment the test shall be discarded and repeatedusing an alternative gripping methodology. Loop end failuresthat are adjacent to a shackle or eyebolt are permissible.9.2.2 Rein Section 2 Sample Testing:9.2.2.1 Place the sample in the testing machine, ensuringthat the integrity of the rein system is not compromised as aresult of the gripping of the test sample in the testing machine.9.2.2.2 After the sample is placed in the test machi