2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（北京卷带解析）.doc

1、2012年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（北京卷带解析） 单项选择 * -Look at those clouds! -Dont worry. _ it rains, well still have a great time. A Even if B As though C In case D If only 答案： A Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel. A is B were C has been D had been 答案： B Do you think this skirt is too tight _ the shoulde

2、rs A at B on C to D across 答案： D We _ the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me A should face B might face C could have faced D must have faced 答案： C Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _ away. A to stay B staying C stayed D stayed 答案： A _ at the door before you enter my roo

3、m, please. A Knock B Knocking C Knocked D To knock 答案： A Our friendship _ quickly over the weeks that followed. A had developed B was developing C would develop D developed 答案： D -Have you heard about that fire in the market -Yes, fortunately no one _. A hurt B was hurt C has hurt D had been hurt 答案

4、 B Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _. A some B less C much D more 答案： D _ with care, one tin will last for six weeks. A Use B Using C Used D To use 答案： C When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A that B w

5、hich C where D when 答案： B George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he _. A wouldnt B didnt C hasnt D hadnt 答案： B Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently. A why B how C that D whether 答案： C One learns a knowledge by making

6、mistakes and _ them. A corrects B correct C to correct D correcting 答案： D By the time you have finished this book, your meal _ cold. A gets B has got C will get D is getting 答案： C 完型填空 “Mama, when I grow up, Im going to be one of those!” I said this after seeing the Capital Dancing Company perform w

7、hen I was three. It was the first time that my _36_ took on a vivid form and acted as something important to start my training. As I grew older and was _37_ to more, my interests in the world of dance _38_ varied but that little girls dream of someday becoming a _39_ in the company never left me. In

8、 the summer of 2005 when I was 18, I received the phone call which made that dream a _40_; I became a member of the company _41_ back to 1925. As I look back on that day now, it surely _42_ any sense of reality. I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief _43_ I was halfway through rehearsal

9、s (排练 ) on my first day. I never actually _44_ to get the job. After being offered the position, I was completely _45_. I remember shaking with excitement. Though I was absolutely thrilled with the chance, it did not come without its fair share of _46_. Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing

10、 six days a week, I found it vital to _47_ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration. It is that extreme _48_ to detail (细节 ) and stress on practice that set us _49_. To then follow those high-energy rehearsals _50_ a busy show schedule of up to five performances a day, I discovered

11、a new _51_ of the words “hard work.” What I thought were my physical _52_ were pushed much further than I thought _53_. I learned to make each performance better than the last. Today, when I look at the unbelievable company that I have the great _54_ of being a part of, not only as a member, but as

12、a dance captain, I see a _55_ that has inspired not only generations of little girls but a splendid company that continues to develop and grow-and inspires people every day to follow their dreams. 【小题1】 A hobby B plan C dream D word A connected B expanded C exposed D extended A rarely B certainly C

13、probably D consistently A director B trainer C leader D dancer A symbol B memory C truth D reality A bouncing B dating C turning D tracking A lacks B adds C makes D brings A while B since C until D when A cared B expected C asked D decided A motivated B relaxed C convinced D astonished A challenges

14、B profits C advantages D adventures A put B mix C build D pick A attention B association C attraction D adaptation A apart B aside C off D back A over B by C with D beyond A function B meaning C expression D usage A boundaries B problems C barriers D efforts A necessary B perfect C proper D possible

15、 A talent B honor C potential D responsibility A victory B trend C tradition D desire 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 D 【小题 6】 B 【小题 7】 A 【小题 8】 C 【小题 9】 C 【小题 10】 D 【小题 11】 A 【小题 12】 D 【小题 13】 A 【小题 14】 A 【小题 15】 C 【小题 16】 B 【小题 17】 A 【小题 18】 D 【小题 19】 B 【小题 20】 C 阅读理解 The Basics of

16、MathMade Clear Basic Math introduces students to the basic concepts of mathematics, as well as the fundamentals of more tricky areas. These 30 fantastic lectures are designed to provide students with an understanding of arithmetic and to prepare them for Algebra(代数 ) and beyond. The lessons in Basic

17、 Math cover every basic aspect of arithmetic. They also look into exponents(指数 ), the order of operations, and square roots. In addition to learning how to perform various mathematical operations, students discover why these operations work, how a particular mathematical topic relates to other branc

18、hes of mathematics, and how these operations can be used practically. Basic Math starts from the relatively easier concepts and gradually moves on to the more troublesome ones, so as to allow for steady and sure understanding of the material by students. The lectures offer students the chance to “ma

19、ke sense” of mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening. They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazingand completely understandablefield of study. By the conclusion of the course, students will have improved their understanding

20、of basic math. They will be able to clear away the mystery(神秘性 ) of mathematics and face their studies with more confidence than they ever imagined. In addition, they will strengthen their ability to accept new and exciting mathematical challenges. Professor H. Siegel, honored by Kentucky Educationa

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22、ary. With a PhD in Mathematics Education from Georgia State University, Dr. Siegel teaches mathematics at Central Arizona College. His courses include various make-up classes and a number of lectures for future primary school teachers. If the course fails to provide complete satisfaction to you, you

23、 can easily exchange it for any other course that we offer. Or you can get your money back. 【小题 1】 What does the course Basic Math mainly cover A Algebra. B College Mathematics. C Arithmetic. D Mathematics Education. 【小题 2】 What benefits can students expect from Basic Math A Stronger imaginative abi

24、lity. B Additional presentation skills. C More mathematical confidence. D Greater chances of becoming teachers. 【小题 3】 What can we learn about Professor H. Siegel A He is a guest lecturer at Kentucky Educational Television. B He is to deliver 30 lectures in Basic Math. C He works in Georgia State Un

25、iversity. D He specializes in training teachers. 【小题 4】 Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from A A news report. B A book review C A lesson plan. D An advertisement 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 C 【小题 3】 B 【小题 4】 D Peanuts to This Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to f

26、ind my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way ” Quickly, I flashed back to the day

27、Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real talk I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As

28、 I searched the name of this fellow, it became evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I ca

29、lled my grandfather for a golden piece of advice： flip (掷 ) a coin. Headsthe commander, and tailsthe peanuts guy. Ah! Tails, my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver. Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I

30、lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Wash

31、ington Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my

32、work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmasters office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster inf

33、ormed me of my option to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet! 【小题 1】 What did the authors classmates think about his report A Controversial. B Ridiculous. C Boring. D Puzzling. 【小题 2】 Why was the author confused about the task A He was unfamiliar with American history. B He followed the advice an

34、d flipped a coin. C He forgot his teachers instruction. D He was new at the school. 【小题 3】 The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _. A annoyed B ashamed C ready D eager 【小题 4】 In the end, the author turned things around _. A by redoing his task B through his own efforts C with the h

35、elp of his grandfather D under the guidance of his headmaster 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 D 【小题 4】 B Decision-making under Stress A new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore

36、 the possible negative (负面的 ) consequences of a decision. The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways. “Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress.” For example

37、 two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像 ) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having t

38、o keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadnt gone through the stress. This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies

39、 or smoking a cigarette while under stress at those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also less ea

40、sily recalled. The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different. Men who had been stressed by the cold-water ta

41、sk tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win. This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are

42、 risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction. 【小题 1】 We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to _. A keep rewards better in their memory B recall co

43、nsequences more effortlessly C make risky decisions more frequently D learn a subject more effectively 【小题 2】 According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their _. A ways of making choices B preference for pleasure C tolerance of punishments D responses to suggestions 【小题 3】 The

44、 research has proved that in a stressful situation, _. A women find it easier to fall into certain habits B men have a greater tendency to slow down C women focus more on outcomes D men are more likely to take risks 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 A 【小题 3】 D Wilderness “In wilderness(荒野 ) is the preservation of

45、 the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved. As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK poi

46、nts out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发 ) brings to such landscapes(景观 ) is real. Som

47、e of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans needthe rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr.Sauven, these ”ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation. Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledg

48、es that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped