BS ISO 7176-14-2008 en_9317 Wheelchairs - Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters - Requirements and test methods《轮椅.电动轮椅和小型摩托车的动力和控制系统.要求和试验方法》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 7176-14:2008 Wheelchairs Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters Requirements and test methods ICS 11.180.10 BS ISO 7176-14:2008 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee

2、 on 30 June 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 53794 3 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 7176-14:2008. It supersedes BS ISO 7176-14:1997 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee CH/173, Assistive products for per

3、sons with disability, to Subcommittee CH/173/1, Wheelchairs. A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applicatio

4、n. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments Reference number ISO 7176-14:2008(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7176-14 Second edition 2008-02-15 Wheelchairs Part 14: Power and control systems for electr

5、ically powered wheelchairs and scooters Requirements and test methods Fauteuils roulants Partie 14: Systmes dalimentation et de commande des fauteuils roulants et des scooters lectriques Exigences et mthodes dessai BS ISO 7176-14:2008 ii iii Contents Page Foreword. v Introduction vii 1 Scope . 1 2 N

6、ormative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Apparatus 5 5 Preparation of test wheelchair 8 5.1 Wheelchair set-up. 8 5.2 Loading the wheelchair 8 5.3 Wheelchair attributes . 8 5.4 Wheelchair documentation 8 5.5 Preparation records 9 6 Guidance for tests 9 6.1 Test order 9 6.2 Batteries. 9 6.

7、3 Test conditions . 9 7 Single fault safety . 9 7.1 Single fault conditions . 9 7.2 Controller command signal processing failure . 10 7.3 Controller output device failure 12 7.4 Ability to stop when power is removed 15 8 Design 17 8.1 On/off switch . 17 8.2 Current consumption while switched off . 1

8、7 8.3 Control signal at switch on 18 8.4 Safe operation as the battery set becomes depleted 18 8.5 Over-discharge protection. 20 8.6 Controller over-voltage protection 21 8.7 Switch-off while driving 22 8.8 Measuring devices 22 8.9 Drive inhibit during charging. 23 8.10 Charging connection voltage d

9、rop . 23 8.11 Non-powered mobility 24 8.12 Brakes 26 8.13 Battery enclosures 27 8.14 Symbols . 28 8.15 Safety of moving parts . 28 8.16 Use in combination with other devices 28 9 Protection against electric shock, burns, fire and explosion 28 9.1 Electrical insulation 28 9.2 Protection from non-insu

10、lated electrical parts 29 9.3 Circuit protection 29 9.4 Stalled condition protection 34 9.5 Surface temperatures. 36 9.6 Disconnection of battery system 37 9.7 Resistance to ignition. 37 BS ISO 7176-14:2008iv 10 Ergonomics 37 10.1 User interface 37 10.2 Operating forces . 38 10.3 Display position 40

11、 10.4 On/off indicator 40 10.5 Connectors 40 10.6 Audible noise. 40 10.7 Acoustic warning device 42 11 Durability 43 11.1 Control devices . 43 11.2 Switches. 44 11.3 Connectors 44 12 Electrical connections 44 12.1 Interchangeability . 44 12.2 Wire routing . 45 12.3 Wire colours. 45 12.4 Intermediate

12、 battery connection power drains 45 13 Environmental . 46 13.1 Substance/liquid ingress (in). 46 13.2 Leakage of substances (out) 46 13.3 Electromagnetic compatibility. 46 14 Misuse and abuse . 46 14.1 Reversed polarity at the battery set 46 14.2 Integrity of enclosures 47 15 Information provided wi

13、th the wheelchair related to control systems 48 15.1 General . 48 15.2 Battery connection and circuit protection diagram 48 15.3 Operation of wheelchair . 48 15.4 Safety information provided to operators 49 15.5 Removable parts . 49 15.6 Residual risks 49 16 Test report 49 17 Disclosure 50 Annex A (

14、informative) Guidance on wheelchair wire sizing and protection 51 Bibliography . 53 BS ISO 7176-14:2008v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is norm

15、ally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in t

16、he work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare

17、 International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some

18、 of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7176-14 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. This sec

19、ond edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7176-14:1997), all clauses of which have been technically revised. ISO 7176 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wheelchairs: Part 1: Determination of static stability Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electric w

20、heelchairs Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range Part 5: Determination of dimensions, mass and manoeuvring space Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceler

21、ation of electric wheelchairs Part 7: Measurement of seating and wheel dimensions Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electric wheelchairs Part 11: Test d

22、ummies Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters Requirements and test methods Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling Part 16: Resistance to ignition o

23、f upholstered parts Requirements and test methods BS ISO 7176-14:2008vi Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use in motor vehicles Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters Part 22: Set-up procedures Part 23:

24、Requirements and test methods for attendant-operated stair-climbing devices Part 24: Requirements and test methods for user-operated stair-climbing devices Part 26: Vocabulary BS ISO 7176-14:2008vii Introduction This part of ISO 7176 specifies some wheelchair tests that are conducted on an inclined

25、test plane. The intention of these tests is not to evaluate the performance of a wheelchair at the maximum gradient on which it is capable of operating. Instead, the objective is to reveal any changes in the wheelchairs behaviour that might occur under fault conditions, and these changes are more re

26、adily discovered when it is operated on a slope. For convenience, the inclined test plane has a fixed gradient, representative of those on which the wheelchair might be used. The range of ambient temperatures under which testing is carried out is limited to allow comparison between the performance o

27、f a wheelchair in normal operation and performance when faults are introduced. BS ISO 7176-14:2008blank1 Wheelchairs Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters Requirements and test methods WARNING This part of ISO 7176 calls for the use of procedures that m

28、ay be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve those carrying out or commissioning the tests from legal obligations relating to health and safety. For tests that could cause the wheelchair to exhibit dangerous behaviour,

29、it is recommended that prior to carrying out those tests, the likely outcome is assessed to establish appropriate arrangements to minimize any risks. 1 Scope This part of ISO 7176 specifies requirements and associated test methods for the power and control systems of electrically powered wheelchairs

30、 and scooters. It sets safety and performance requirements that apply during normal use and some conditions of abuse and failure. It also specifies methods of measurement of the forces necessary to operate controls and sets limits on the forces needed for some operations. This part of ISO 7176 is ap

31、plicable to electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters with a maximum speed no greater than 15 km/h intended to provide indoor and/or outdoor mobility for one disabled person whose mass lies in the range specified in ISO 7176-11. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indis

32、pensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3287, Powered industrial trucks Symbols for operator controls and other displays ISO 7176

33、-3, Wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes ISO 7176-4, Wheelchairs Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range ISO 7176-6, Wheelchairs Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of el

34、ectric wheelchairs ISO 7176-9, Wheelchairs Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs ISO 7176-11, Wheelchairs Part 11: Test dummies SO 7176-13, Wheelchairs Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces ISO 7176-15, Wheelchairs Part 15: Requirements for information disclosu

35、re, documentation and labelling BS ISO 7176-14:20082 ISO 7176-21, Wheelchairs Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters ISO 7176-22, Wheelchairs Part 22: Set-up procedures ISO 7176-26, Wheelchairs Part 26: Voca

36、bulary IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) IEC 60601-1, Medical electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance IEC 60601-1-2, Medical electrical equipment Part 1-2: General requirements for basic safety and essential perform

37、ance Collateral standard: Electromagnetic compatibility Requirements and tests IEC 61032, Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures Probes for verification IEC 62262, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment against external mechanical impacts (IK code) EN 563, S

38、afety of machinery Temperatures of touchable surfaces Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces EN 12182, Technical aids for disabled persons General requirements and test methods EN 30993-1, Biological evaluation of medical devices Part 1: Guidance on selection of tests

39、 UL 94, Tests for flammability of plastic materials for parts in devices and appliances 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7176-26 and the following apply. 3.1 nominal voltage suitable approximate value of the voltage used to designate o

40、r identify a battery Adapted from IEV 482-03-31 3.2 command signal electrical signal from the control device 3.3 control device device with which the operator indicates the desired speed and/or direction of movement of the wheelchair NOTE A control device can be an integral part of a controller. 3.4

41、 controller electrical devices, circuits, and the case(s) in which they are housed that are used to convert the operators indication of desired speed and/or direction of movement into the appropriate power to be supplied to the motor(s) 3.5 pinch point location at which a moving part comes into cont

42、act with or close proximity to another part such that another object at that location would be cut or crushed BS ISO 7176-14:20083 3.6 battery one or more cells fitted with devices necessary for use, for example case, terminals, marking and protective devices IEV 482-01-04 3.7 battery compartment re

43、movable or non-removable enclosure for one or more batteries 3.8 battery pack removable battery compartment that contains one or more batteries NOTE If there are no removable battery compartments, a battery pack consists of a single battery. 3.9 battery set set of interconnected batteries used to po

44、wer a wheelchair 3.10 battery charger device that is connected to supply mains and to a battery set for the purpose of charging the batteries 3.11 cut-off voltage specified voltage at which the discharge of a battery is considered finished 3.12 hazardous situation circumstance in which people, prope

45、rty or the environment are exposed to one or more hazard(s) IEC 60601-1 3.13 hazard potential source of harm IEC 60601-1 3.14 harm physical injury or damage to the health of people or animals, or damage to property or the environment IEC 60601-1 3.15 enclosure part providing protection of equipment

46、against certain external influences and, in any direction, protection against contact NOTE 1 Enclosures provide protection of equipment against harmful effects of mechanical impacts. NOTE 2 Barriers, shapes of openings or any other means whether attached to the enclosure or formed by the enclosed eq

47、uipment suitable to prevent or limit the penetration of the specified test probes, are considered as a part of the enclosure, except when they can be removed without the use of a key or tool. BS ISO 7176-14:20084 3.16 capacity for cells or batteries electric charge which a cell or battery can delive

48、r under specified discharge conditions NOTE The SI unit for electric charge, or quantity of electricity, is the coulomb, C 1 C = 1 As (ampere second) but in practice, capacity is usually expressed in ampere hours (Ah). IEV 482-03-14 3.17 rated capacity capacity value of a battery determined under sp

49、ecified conditions and declared by the manufacturer IEV 482-03-15 3.18 discharge rate electric current at which a battery is discharged NOTE The discharge rate is calculated as the rated capacity divided by the corresponding discharge time, which results in an electric current. IEV 482-03-25 3.19 charge rate relating to secondary cells and batteries