BS ISO 7176-26-2007 en_3742 Wheelchairs Vocabulary《轮椅.词汇表》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 7176-26:2007 Wheelchairs Part 26: Vocabulary ICS 01.040.11; 11.180.10 BS ISO 7176-26:2007 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007 ISBN 978 0 580 53291 7 National foreword This British Stan

2、dard is the UK implementation of ISO 7176-26:2007. It supersedes BS 6937:1988 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee CH/173, Assistive products for persons with disability, to Subcommittee CH/173/1, Wheelchairs. A list of organizations repres

3、ented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. The UK committee is concerned that the terminology used in this international standard, which will be familiar to those involved in the wheelchair prescribing and manufacturing process, is not appropriate for many equipment users o

4、r carers. Therefore, readers of this part of ISO 7176 should take this into account when preparing pre-sales literature or instructions for users, which provide essential information regarding the use and limitations of equipment. Authors should ensure that the language and terminology used in such

5、documents is appropriate to ensure that they can be understood by the intended reader, user and/or carer. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immun

6、ity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 7176-26:2007(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7176-26 First edition 2007-04-15 Wheelchairs Part 26: Vocabulary Fauteuils roulants Partie 26: Vocabulaire BS ISO 7176-26:2007ii iii Contents Page For

7、eword iv Introduction . vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Rules and elements used in vocabulary 1 2.1 Rules used in vocabulary . 1 2.2 Organization of elements used in the vocabulary . 1 3 Abbreviated terms 1 4 Terms and definitions 2 4.1 Wheelchairs and related mobility devices 2 4.2 Wheelchair operators 3 4.3 Over

8、all dimensions . 4 4.4 Drive systems 5 4.5 Wheels 8 4.6 Wheel features . 10 4.7 Postural supports 14 4.8 Postural support characteristics . 23 4.9 Seating dimensions. 26 4.10 Testing equipment and configuration . 29 4.11 Transportation in a motor vehicle . 31 4.12 Product information 34 Annex A (inf

9、ormative) Characterization of wheelchairs. 36 Bibliography . 38 Alphabetical index . 39 BS ISO 7176-26:2007iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is

10、 normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part

11、 in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to pr

12、epare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that

13、 some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7176-26 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 173, Assistive products for persons with disability, Subcommittee SC 1, Wheelchairs. Thi

14、s first edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 6440:1985), all clauses and annexes of which have been technically revised. ISO 7176 consists of the following parts, under the general title Wheelchairs: Part 1: Determination of static stability Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability

15、of electric wheelchairs Part 3: Determination of the effectiveness of brakes Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range Part 5: Determination of overall dimensions, mass and turning space Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acc

16、eleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs Part 7: Measurement of seating and wheel dimensions Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electric wheelc

17、hairs Part 11: Test dummies Part 13: Determination of coefficient of friction of test surfaces Part 14: Power and control systems for electric wheelchairs Requirements and test methods Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling Part 16: Resistance to ignition of up

18、holstered parts Requirements and test methods BS ISO 7176-26:2007v Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use in motor vehicles Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters Part 22: Set-up procedures Part 23: Requi

19、rements and test methods for attendant-operated stair-climbing devices Part 24: Requirements and test methods for user-operated stair-climbing devices Part 25: Requirements and test methods for batteries and their chargers for electrically powered wheelchairs and motorized scooters Part 26: Vocabula

20、ry BS ISO 7176-26:2007vi Introduction The provision and selection of wheelchairs and associated seating products relies on clear communication of information relating to these devices. Over time, many terms and definitions have evolved. Unfortunately, this process has resulted in a lack of clear mea

21、ning for some terms and duplication of other terms (sometimes with conflicting messages). For example, the terms tilt and recline are sometimes used interchangeably, but usually have quite distinct meanings. If used inappropriately, an entirely inappropriate wheelchair may be specified or purchased.

22、 The purpose of this part of ISO 7176 is to provide a collection of terms and their definitions to form the basis of clear communication across the field of wheelchair and associated seating and to eliminate confusion from duplication or inappropriate use of terms. The vocabulary is drawn from surve

23、ys of the literature and language used by experts in this field. It excludes, however, terms which are adequately defined in the everyday language of English, medicine and technology. ISO 7176 recognises that there are a number of terms in use which, because of duplication or inadequacies of meaning

24、, should be replaced by terms from this vocabulary. To help people move towards a common vocabulary, these deprecated terms are included along with a reference to the preferred term. The development and application of wheelchair standards is particularly dependent upon clear and consistent terms and

25、 definitions. Hence, a major proportion of this part of ISO 7176 includes terms and definitions used in more than one of the ISO standards specifically related to ISO Wheelchair Standards. These include the ISO 7176, ISO 10542, and ISO 16840 series, and ISO 7193. Future standards in these series wil

26、l cite this document for definition of terms wherever possible, thus facilitating the consistent use of a common vocabulary. This part of ISO 7176 is intended purely as a means of specifying terms and definitions. It does not attempt to classify wheelchairs and associated seating into any classifica

27、tion of device groupings as this is the purpose of ISO 9999. Annex A provides a standard set of descriptors for characterizing wheelchairs. BS ISO 7176-26:20071 Wheelchairs Part 26: Vocabulary 1 Scope This part of ISO 7176 specifies a vocabulary consisting of terms and definitions used in the field

28、of manual and electrically powered wheelchairs (including scooters) and associated seating systems. This part of ISO 7176 includes, but is not limited to, the preferred terms used in two or more ISO standards of the ISO 7176, ISO 10542, and ISO 16840 series, but does not include terms considered to

29、be adequately defined in everyday English. NOTE 1 In addition to terms used in the three official ISO languages (English, French and Russian), this International Standard gives the equivalent terms in United States English; these are published under the responsibility of the member body/National Com

30、mittee for the United States. However, only the terms and definitions given in the official languages can be considered as ISO terms and definitions. NOTE 2 Annex A provides a standard set of descriptors for characterizing wheelchairs. 2 Rules and elements used in vocabulary 2.1 Rules used in vocabu

31、lary Most terms defined are used in more than one of the ISO standards relating specifically to wheelchairs and seating supports. Terms used in only one of these standards, are defined in the terms and definitions clause of that standard. Within Clause 4, terms are organized by function. Terms (and

32、the function) can be further specified by adding an adjective as shown in 4.8. 2.2 Organization of elements used in the vocabulary The structure used throughout the nomenclature is based upon ISO 10241. 3 Abbreviated terms ATD anthropometric test device PSD postural support device RLG reference load

33、er gauge UDIG universal docking interface geometry WTORS wheelchair-tiedown and occupant-restraint system BS ISO 7176-26:20072 4 Terms and definitions 4.1 Wheelchairs and related mobility devices 4.1.1 wheelchair device to provide wheeled mobility with a seating support system for a person with impa

34、ired mobility NOTE A walking aid with wheels is not a wheelchair. 4.1.2 manual wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) which relies on an occupant (4.2.2) or an assistant (4.2.3) to provide power for its operation 4.1.3 handrim-drive wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) designed to be propelled and steered us

35、ing handrims (4.5.11) 4.1.4 lever-drive wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) intended to be propelled and steered by a lever or levers 4.1.5 foot-propelled wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) designed to be propelled and steered by contact of the occupants (4.2.2) foot or feet with the floor 4.1.6

36、push wheelchair manual wheelchair (4.1.2) intended to be pushed by an assistant (4.2.3) 4.1.7 aisle wheelchair push wheelchair (4.1.6) intended to be used in narrow aisles such as on aircraft 4.1.8 electrically powered wheelchair e chair (deprecated) electric wheelchair (deprecated) powered chair (d

37、eprecated) powered wheelchair (deprecated) wheelchair (4.1.1) in which the motor power is derived from an integral source of electric power NOTE A scooter (4.1.9) is an electrically powered wheelchair. 4.1.9 scooter electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) with a tiller (4.4.7) to control direct stee

38、ring (4.4.8) 4.1.10 electrically powered wheelchair with integral seat electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) with a seating system (4.7.2) and drive system that cannot be separated 4.1.11 powerbase wheelchair electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) with a powerbase (4.4.3) 4.1.12 balancing wheelch

39、air electrically powered wheelchair (4.1.8) that electronically maintains the balance of the wheelchair BS ISO 7176-26:20073 4.1.13 rigid wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) with frame components under the seat that are fixed and non-foldable 4.1.14 folding wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) with frame compone

40、nts under the seat which can be collapsed 4.1.15 shower wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) intended to be used in the shower 4.1.16 toilet wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) intended to be used over a toilet 4.1.17 stand-up wheelchair wheelchair (4.1.1) capable of transporting an occupant (4.2.2) in a seated

41、position and which also has the capability to raise and maintain the occupant in a stand-up position 4.1.18 stair-climbing device device intended to transport a person or an occupied wheelchair by climbing up or down stairs, but that is not fixed to the stairs 4.1.19 stair-climbing chair stair-climb

42、ing device (4.1.18) that includes a seat for the occupant (4.2.2) 4.1.20 stair-climbing wheelchair carrier stair-climbing device (4.1.18) that carries an occupied wheelchair 4.2 Wheelchair operators 4.2.1 operator person who operates the wheelchair NOTE Can be either the occupant or the assistant. 4

43、.2.2 occupant user (deprecated) person supported by the wheelchair seating system (4.7.2) 4.2.3 assistant attendant (deprecated) carer (deprecated) person, other than the occupant (4.2.2), who manoeuvres the wheelchair BS ISO 7176-26:20074 4.3 Overall dimensions 4.3.1 overall length distance between

44、 the most forward and most rearward points of the wheelchair when it is ready for use, measured in a direction parallel to the forward direction of movement NOTE The measurement methods are specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.2 overall width distance between the outermost side-to-side points of the wheelch

45、air when fully opened and ready for use, measured in a direction perpendicular to the forward direction of movement NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.3 overall height vertical distance from the ground to the uppermost point of the wheelchair when it is ready for use with th

46、e back support (4.7.9) in the upright position NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.4 stowage length distance between the most forward and most rearward points of the wheelchair when folded and/or dismantled for transport or stowing purposes NOTE The measurement method is spec

47、ified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.5 stowage width overall width folded (deprecated) distance between the two outermost side-to-side points of the wheelchair when folded and/or dismantled for transport or stowing purposes NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.6 stowage height overall hei

48、ght folded (deprecated) vertical distance from the ground to the uppermost point of the wheelchair when folded and/or dismantled for transport or stowing purposes NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.7 wheelbase distance between the ground contact points of the front and rear

49、wheels of the wheelchair, measured in a direction parallel to the forward direction of movement NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. 4.3.8 ground clearance shortest distance between the ground and any part of the wheelchair that is not a wheel NOTE The measurement method is specified in ISO 7176-5. BS ISO 7176-26:20075 4.3.9 turning diameter turning radius (deprecated) turning circle (deprecated) diameter of the smallest cylindr