BS ISO 7240-1-2014 en_4748 Fire detection and alarm systems General and definitions《火灾探测和警报系统 概述和定义》.pdf

1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 7240-1:2014 Fire detection and alarm systems Part 1: General and definitionsBS ISO 7240-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 7240-1:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Com

2、mittee FSH/12, Fire detection and alarm systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British

3、Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 83497 4 ICS 13.220.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May

4、2014. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 7240-1:2014 ISO 2014 Fire detection and alarm systems Part 1: General and definitions Systmes de dtection et dalarme dincendie Partie 1: Gnralits et dfinitions INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7240-1 Third edition 2014

5、-06-01 Reference number ISO 7240-1:2014(E)BS ISO 7240-1:2014ISO 7240-1:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electr

6、onic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. +

7、 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in SwitzerlandBS ISO 7240-1:2014ISO 7240-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms 1 2.1 Definitions . 1 2.2 A

8、bbreviated terms 15 3 Functions .15BS ISO 7240-1:2014ISO 7240-1:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO tech

9、nical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely

10、 with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria nee

11、ded for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent

12、 rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used i

13、n this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barri

14、ers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and firefighting, Subcommittee SC 3, Fire detection and alarm systems. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (IS

15、O 7240-1:2005), which has been technically revised. ISO 7240 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire detection and alarm systems: Part 1: General and definitions Part 2: Control and indicating equipment Part 3: Audible alarm devices Part 4: Power supply equipment Part 5: Point-

16、type heat detectors Part 6: Carbon monoxide fire detectors using electro-chemical cells Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization Part 8: Carbon monoxide fire detectors using an electro-chemical cell in combination with a heat sensor Part 9: Test fires

17、 for fire detectors Technical Specification Part 10: Point-type flame detectors Part 11: Manual call points Part 12: Line type smoke detectors using a transmitted optical beam Part 13: Compatibility assessment of system componentsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7240-1:2014ISO 7240-1:2014(E) Pa

18、rt 14: Design, installation, commissioning and service of fire detection and fire alarm systems in and around buildings Part 15: Point type fire detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization sensors in combination with a heat sensor Part 16: Sound system control and indicating equ

19、ipment Part 17: Short-circuit-isolators Part 18: Input/output devices Part 19: Design, installation, commissioning and service of sound systems for emergency purposes Part 20: Aspirating smoke detectors Part 21: Routing equipment Part 22: Smoke-detection equipment for ducts Part 23: Visual alarm dev

20、ices Part 24: Sound system loudspeakers Part 25: Components using radio transmission paths Part 27: Point-type fire detectors using a scattered-light, transmitted-light or ionization smoke sensor, an electrochemical-cell carbon-monoxide sensor and a heat sensor Part 28: Fire protection control equip

21、ment The following parts are in preparation Part 29: Video fire detectors ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 7240-1:2014ISO 7240-1:2014(E) Introduction ISO 7240 (all parts) specifies components of fire detection and alarm systems, requirements for their interconnection and installation and the per

22、formance, testing, and servicing of parts or of complete systems. It provides local and/or remote signals to organizations having authority to respond to fire alarms, and signals to initiate the operation of fire protection equipment and other systems. A fire detection and alarm system may be activa

23、ted by automatic detection devices or by manual operation and should fulfil its functions without errors or omissions, including detecting quickly enough to fulfil its intended function, reliably transmitting the detection signal to the control and indicating equipment and, if applicable, the fire a

24、larm receiving station, translating the detection signal into a clear alarm signal that will attract the attention of occupants in an immediate and unmistakable way, remaining insensitive to phenomena other than those which its function is to detect, and signalling immediately and clearly any superv

25、ised fault that might jeopardize the correct performance of the fire detection and alarm system. A fire detection and alarm system should not be adversely affected by any other systems whether associated with it, or not be rendered partially or totally inoperative by the fire or the phenomenon which

26、 it is designed to detect before the fire or phenomenon has been detected. ISO 7240 (all parts) applies to fire detection and alarm systems installed in and around buildings. It can be used as a basis for the assessment of systems for other purposes, e.g. mines, ships, but the specific nature of eac

27、h application should be considered before use. Additional performance and environmental tests may be necessary. It does not preclude the manufacture or use of systems having special characteristics suitable for protection of specific risks against specific hazards. A fire detection and alarm system

28、is required to function satisfactorily not only in the event of fire, but also during and after exposure to conditions likely to be met in practice such as corrosion, vibration, direct impact, indirect shock, and electromagnetic interference. Some tests specified are intended to assess the performan

29、ce of system components under such conditions. The performance of components of fire detection and alarm systems is assessed from the results obtained in the specific tests. The compliance of a component with the relevant part of ISO 7240 does not necessarily ensure that the component will function

30、correctly when connected with another component also conforming to the relevant part of ISO 7240 (e.g. a fire detector with fire detection control and indicating equipment), unless both components have been assessed together as conforming to the requirements for a fire detection and alarm system. Re

31、quirements for the assessment of the compatibility of system components are specified in ISO 7240-13. Satisfactory operation of an installed system should be confirmed by testing after completion of the installation (see ISO 7240-14). ISO 7240 (all parts) is not intended to place any other restricti

32、ons on the design and construction of such components. If appropriate, ISO 7240 (all parts) can be applied to the detection part of extinguishing systems, excluding sprinkler heads, although the sensitivity requirements might not be applicable in every instance. As this revision of this part of ISO

33、7240 includes terms and definitions collated from other parts of ISO 7240, there may now be some duplication and minor variances which will be corrected in future revisions of the other parts of ISO 7240.vi ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7240-1:2014INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 7240-1:2014(E) Fire

34、 detection and alarm systems Part 1: General and definitions 1 Scope This part of ISO 7240 provides a set of general guidelines and definitions used in describing the fire detection and alarm system (FDAS) equipment installed in and around buildings, and the tests and requirements for these equipmen

35、ts in the other parts of ISO 7240. ISO 7240 does not apply to smoke alarms, the requirements for which are specified in ISO 12239. 2 Terms and definitions and abbreviated terms For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions and abbreviated terms apply. 2.1 Definitions 2.1.1 A

36、-weighted sound pressure level twenty times the logarithm to base ten of the ratio of the root-mean-square A-weighted sound pressure to the reference pressure of 20 Pa at 1 kHz, expressed in decibels Note 1 to entry: The A-weighting characteristics are given in IEC 616721. 2.1.2 absorbance index cf.

37、 m (2.1.83) 2.1.3 access level one of several states of equipment in which selected controls can be operated, manual operations can be carried out, indications are visible, and/or information can be obtained 2.1.4 addressable point point which can be individually identified at the control and indica

38、ting equipment (see Figure 1, items B and M) Note 1 to entry: Compare point (2.1.101). 2.1.5 aerosol density smoke density amount of particulates per volume as described operationally by one of two parameters: ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 7240-1:2014ISO 7240-1:2014(E) m (2.1.83), an absorban

39、ce index, used in the testing of smoke detectors using scattered or transmitted light; y (2.1.141), a dimensionless variable, used in the testing of smoke detectors using ionization Note 1 to entry: These parameters are not concentrations sensu stricto, but represent values which are proportional to

40、 the concentration and have been shown to function in lieu of a true concentration value for the purposes of tests. 2.1.6 alarm signal, or condition, warning of an emergency 2.1.7 alarm indication indication (at the indicating equipment, see Figure 1, items B and M) to show that a detection signal h

41、as been received 2.1.8 alert signal audible signal complying with ISO 7731 or visual signal or a combination of audible and visual signals that call attention to the possibility of a hazardous or dangerous situation 2.1.9 alphanumeric display indicator capable of giving information by the display of

42、 messages consisting of text and/or numeric characters 2.1.10 analogue detector detector which gives an output signal representing the value of the sensed phenomenon Note 1 to entry: This may be a true analogue signal or a digitally encoded equivalent of the sensed value. 2.1.11 ancillary equipment

43、equipment which supports fire detection and fire alarm functions not currently defined in ISO 7240 Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1, item N. 2.1.12 ancillary function action performed by equipment not related to fire detection or fire alarm system Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1, item O. 2.1.13 aspiratin

44、g smoke detector smoke detector, in which air and aerosols are drawn through a sampling device and carried to one or more smoke-sensing elements by an integral aspirator (e.g. fan or pump) Note 1 to entry: Each smoke sensing element may contain more than one sensor exposed to the same smoke sample.

45、2.1.14 audible alarm device AAD component intended to signal an audible warning of fire to the occupants of a building Note 1 to entry: AADs are sometimes referred to as “fire alarm sounders”.2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7240-1:2014ISO 7240-1:2014(E) 2.1.15 cabinet housing that affords a deg

46、ree of protection and robustness to its constituent parts and subassemblies 2.1.16 certification third party attestation related to products, processes, systems, or persons SOURCE: ISO 1700:2004, 5.5 2.1.17 combination detector detector combining two or more detecting principles in a single housing

47、2.1.18 combustion gas detector fire detector sensitive to gaseous products of combustion and/or thermal decomposition EXAMPLE Carbon monoxide gas fire detector. 2.1.19 commissioning process that verifies the installed equipment or system meets the defined requirements 2.1.20 compatibility ability of

48、 a component of a FDAS to operate with another component of the same FDAS 2.1.21 competent person person who, in relation to the work undertaken, has the necessary knowledge, skill, and experience to complete the work satisfactorily and without danger or injury to any person 2.1.22 component device

49、contained in one housing performing at least one or part of a function of a FDAS EXAMPLE Fire detectors, alarm devices, and control and indicating equipment are components of a FDAS. Note 1 to entry: Where a function is distributed in separate cabinets, each cabinet is considered as a separate component. 2.1.23 configuration arrangement of components of a FDAS specified by number, type, and topology, together with any necessary limits on the transmissio