BS ISO 7967-12-2014 en_2037 Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems Exhaust emission control systems《往复式内燃机 零部件和系统词汇 排放控制系统》.pdf

1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 7967-12:2014 Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems Part 12: Exhaust emission control systemsBS ISO 7967-12:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 7967-12:2014. The UK part

2、icipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/14, RIC engines. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for

3、 its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 80806 7 ICS 01.040.27; 27.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Stan

4、dards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO 7967-12:2014 ISO 2014 Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems Part 12: Exhaust emission control systems Moteurs alternatifs combustion interne

5、Vocabulaire des composants et des systmes Partie 12: Systmes de contrle des missions de gaz dchappement INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7967-12 First edition 2014-12-15 Reference number ISO 7967-12:2014(E)BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT I

6、SO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be r

7、equested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in SwitzerlandBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E

8、)Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 3.1 Exhaust emission matter 1 3.2 Exhaust emission control system and device . 3 3.3 Parameters for exhaust emission control system . 5 Bibliography 8 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7

9、967-12:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subjec

10、t for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

11、 on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be no

12、ted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyin

13、g any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience

14、of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Suppl

15、ementary information. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 70, Internal combustion engines ISO 7967 consists of the following parts, under the general title Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems: Part 1: Structure and external covers Part 2:

16、Main running gear Part 3: Valves, camshaft drive and actuating mechanisms Part 4: Pressure charging and air/exhaust gas ducting systems Part 5: Cooling systems Part 6: Lubricating systems Part 7: Governing systems Part 8: Starting systems Part 9: Control and monitoring systems Part 10: Ignition syst

17、ems Part 11: Fuel systems Part 12: Exhaust emission control systemsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of components and systems Part 12: Exhaust emission control systems 1 Scope This part of ISO 7967 establishes a vocabulary for emi

18、ssion control systems of reciprocating internal combustion engines. ISO 2710-1 gives a classification of reciprocating internal combustion engines and denotes basic terms and definitions of such engines and their characteristics. In this part of ISO 7967, terms are classified as the following: a) ex

19、haust emission matter; b) exhaust emission control system and device; c) parameters for exhaust emission control system. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, o

20、nly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 8178-1:2006, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Exhaust emission measurement Part 1: Test-bed measurement of gaseous and particulate exhaust emissions I

21、SO 8178-9:2012, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Exhaust emission measurement Part 9: Test cycles and test procedures for test bed measurement of exhaust gas smoke emissions from compression ignition engines operating under transient conditions 3 T erms a nd definiti ons 3.1 Exhaust emissio

22、n matter 3.1.1 exhaust emission pollutants contained in the exhaust gas from internal combustion engines or phenomenon of emitting such pollutants INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 7967-12:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E) 3.1.2 particulate matter particulates PM

23、particles contained in the exhaust gas which consist primarily of carbon, condensed hydrocarbons and sulfates, and associated water Note 1 to entry: “Particulate matter” is defined more precisely for the measurement or regulation purposes as “material collected on a specified filter medium after dil

24、uting exhaust gases with clean, filtered air to a temperature of greater than 315 K (42 C) and less than or equal to 325 K (52 C), as measured at a point immediately upstream of the primary filter”. Refer to ISO 8178-1:2006, 3.1. 3.1.3 total suspended particulate (matter) TSP particulate matter (3.1

25、.2) with a diameter less than 100 micrometres 3.1.4 soot fine carbonic matter generated during the combustion process of fuels 3.1.5 exhaust gas smoke diesel smoke visible suspension of solid and/or liquid particles in gases resulting from combustion or pyrolysis SOURCE: ISO 8178-9:2012, 3.1 3.1.6 S

26、O xsulphur oxides, such as SO 2and SO 3 , contained in the exhaust gas 3.1.7 NO xnitrogen oxides, such as NO and NO 2 , contained in the exhaust gas 3.1.8 nitrous oxide N 2 O gaseous exhaust emission (3.1.1) that is mainly produced by deoxidization reaction in SCR system for internal combustion engi

27、nes 3.1.9 carbon dioxide CO 2 gaseous exhaust emission (3.1.1) that is produced by oxidization reaction of fuel and air in combustion process of internal combustion engines 3.1.10 volatile organic compound VOCsuspended particulate matter (3.1.2) such as toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, which is mainl

28、y produced by evaporation of fuel or paint but also produced by the exhaustion of unburned fuel from RIC engines2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E) 3.1.11 total hydrocarbon THC total quantity of hydrocarbons which remain in the exhaust gas as a result of unburning or

29、 imperfect burning of fossil fuel and lubricant Note 1 to entry: “Total hydrocarbon” is defined more precisely for the measurement or regulation purposes as “combined mass of organic compounds measured by the specified procedure of measuring total hydrocarbon, expressed as a hydrocarbon with a hydro

30、gen-to-carbon mass ratio of 1,85:1”. Refer to UN, Global technical regulation No.11, 3.1.69. 6 3.1.12 blowby gas combustion chamber gas leaked to the crankcase through the clearance between piston, piston rings, and cylinder wall 3.1.13 photochemical smog harmful smog (a mixture of smoke and fog) in

31、 the ambient air which is produced by chemical reaction between pollutants in smoke and sunlight 3.1.14 non-methane hydrocarbon NMHC sum of all hydrocarbon species except methane 3.2 Exhaust emission control system and device 3.2.1 reactive manifold exhaust manifold with excessive volume to decrease

32、 combustible exhaust gas components by thermal oxidation reaction 3.2.2 exhaust port liner liner inserted in the exhaust port to keep the exhaust gas temperature high 3.2.3 thermal reactor equipment which reduces combustible emissions, such as HC and CO, by thermal oxidation process 3.2.4 catalytic

33、converter equipment which reduces exhaust emissions (3.1.1) using catalyst 3.2.5 oxidation catalytic converter equipment which reduces HC and CO in the exhaust gas by oxidation catalyst 3.2.6 selective catalytic reduction SCR means to reduce NO xemission in the exhaust gas by converting NO xto N 2an

34、d water using catalyst Note 1 to entry: For example, see Figure 1. Note 2 to entry: Usually, ammonia or urea is used as the reducing agent. 3.2.7 NO xreduction catalytic converter equipment which reduces NO xin the exhaust gas by SCR (3.2.6) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-

35、12:2014(E) 3.2.8 deNO xsystemexhaust after-treatment systems designed to reduce NO x , such as passive and active lean NO xcatalysts, NO xabsorbers, and NOx reduction catalytic converter (3.2.7) 3.2.9 three-way catalytic converter equipment which reduces HC, CO, and NO xin the exhaust gas simultaneo

36、usly by oxidation and deoxidization catalyst 3.2.10 oxygen sensor (lambda) sensor sensor for measuring oxygen content of exhaust gas 3.2.11 secondary air supply system system which supplies additional air into the exhaust gas to oxidize and reduce unburned emissions 3.2.12 exhaust gas recirculation

37、EGR means to reduce NO xemission in the exhaust gas by re-circulating a portion of the exhaust gas back to the engine to be mixed with the charge air Note 1 to entry: For example, see Figure 2. 3.2.13 internal EGR means to reduce NO xemission in the exhaust gas by increasing the amount of residual g

38、as in the cylinder at scavenging process and with the same effect as EGR (3.2.12) 3.2.14 d i e s e l p a r t i c u l a t e f i l t e r DPFfilter installed in the exhaust passage of a diesel engine to remove particulate matter (3.1.2) Note 1 to entry: For example, see Figure 4. Note 2 to entry: DPF w

39、ith wash coat and precious metal which can help decrease the regeneration temperature of PM collected on the filter is sometimes called “catalysed diesel particulate filter (CDPF)”. 3.2.15 g a s o l i n e p a r t i c u l a t e f i l t e r GPF filter installed in the exhaust gas passage of gasoline e

40、ngine to remove the particulate matter (3.1.2) 3.2.16 particulate trap oxidizer filter which is installed after DPF (3.2.14) and has the ability to burn off the collected PM (3.1.2) in DPF 3.2.17 exhaust scrubber equipment to reduce emission matters in exhaust gas by scrubbing with sea water, fresh

41、water, or dry sorbent material Note 1 to entry: A scrubber using water is called “wet scrubber” while the scrubber using dry sorbent is called “dry scrubber”.4 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E) 3.3 Parameters for exhaust emission control system 3.3.1 space velocity S

42、V exhaust gas volume flow rate divided by the volume of the catalyst 3.3.2 EGR ratio r EGR ratio of re-circulated exhaust gas flow to total inlet gas flow into cylinder Note 1 to entry: EGR ratio can be calculated using the following formula: wherer EGR is the EGR ratio;m EGR is the re-circulated ex

43、haust gas flow;m IN is the inlet air flow. 3.3.3 emission index EI normalized indicator of emission levels Note 1 to entry: to entry: For example, emission index for NO xis expressed as follows: = whereEI NOx is the emission index for NO x ;m NOx is the mass flow rate of NO xin the exhaust gas(g/s);

44、m f is the mass flow rate of fuel (kg/s). 3.3.4 s p e c i f ic e m i s s ion mass flow rate of pollutant per unit power output Note 1 to entry: It is usually expressed in mg/J or g/KW-hr. 3.3.5 e m i s s ion c o e f f ic ie nt emission factor quantity of emitted pollutant per total quantity of used

45、fuel Note 1 to entry: This term is mainly used to indicate the measure for greenhouse gas production of the unit or plant. 3.3.6 ( c a t a l y s t ) c o n v e r s i o n e f f i c i e n c y percentage of concerned exhaust pollutant converted to harmless substances by the catalytic converter (3.2.4) I

46、SO 2014 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E) Figure 1 Example of selective catalytic reduction (SCR, 3.2.6) Figure 2 Example of exhaust gas recirculation (3.2.12) for marine applications6 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E) Figure 3 Example of ex

47、haust scrubbing system for marine applications F i g u r e 4 E x a m p l e o f d i e s e l p a r t i c u l a t e f i l t e r ( D P F , 3.2.14) Cut-out view ISO 2014 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 7967-12:2014ISO 7967-12:2014(E) Bibliography 1 ISO 2710-1, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabu

48、lary Part 1: Terms for engine design and operation 2 JIS B 0110, Reciprocating internal combustion engines Vocabulary of particular components (in Japanese) 3 SCR system for NOx reduction of Medium Speed Marine Diesel Engine, 26th CIMAC Congress, Paper No. 228 4 Tier III Compliance Low Speed Engines, Technical Brochure, Man Diesel 01.040.27 Price based on 8 pages