BS ISO 8601-2005 Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates and times《数据元和交换格式 信息交换 日期和时间表示法》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 8601:2004 Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates and times ICS 01.140.30 BS ISO 8601:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 10 March 2005 BSI 10 March 2005 I

2、SBN 0 580 45594 7 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 8601:2004 and implements it as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee IDT/2, Information and documentation, to Subcommittee IDT/2/20, Processes, data elem

3、ents and documents in commerce, industry and administration, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international publications referred to in this do

4、cument may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contrac

5、t. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for

6、change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 33 and a back cover. The BSI c

7、opyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Reference number ISO 8601:2004(E) OSI 4002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8601 Third edition 2004-12-01 Data elements and interchange formats Information inte

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13、oirypthgiso.o gr We bwww.is.o gro Pulbisdehi n Switlrez dnaii ISO 4002 Allr ithgsr esedevrBSISO8601:2004IS:1068 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Terms and definitions. 1 2.1 Basic concepts 1 2.2 Time units, nominal durations and time inte

14、rvals . 4 2.3 Representations and formats 7 3 Fundamental principles 7 3.1 Basic rules . 7 3.2 Time scales 8 3.3 Representations and format representations 10 3.4 Characters used in the representations . 10 3.5 Expansion 12 3.6 Leading zeros 12 3.7 Mutual agreement . 12 4 Date and time representatio

15、ns. 13 4.1 Date. 13 4.2 Time of day 15 4.3 Date and time of day. 18 4.4 Time interval 20 4.5 Recurring time interval. 23 5 Date and time format representations 25 Annex A (informative) Relationship to ISO 2014, ISO 2015, ISO 2711, ISO 3307 and ISO 4031 . 26 Annex B (informative) Examples of represen

16、tations 27 Bibliography . 33 BSISO8601:2004IS:1068 O4002(E) iv I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried

17、out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO

18、collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Internationa

19、l Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the eleme

20、nts of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8601 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 154, Processes, data elements and documents in commerce, industry and administration. This third edition canc

21、els and replaces the second edition (ISO 8601:2000), of which it constitutes a minor revision. BSISO8601:2004IS:1068 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr vIntroduction Although ISO Recommendations and Standards in this field have been available since 1971, different forms of numeric representation

22、 of dates and times have been in common use in different countries. Where such representations are interchanged across national boundaries misinterpretation of the significance of the numerals can occur, resulting in confusion and other consequential errors or losses. The purpose of this Internation

23、al Standard is to eliminate the risk of misinterpretation and to avoid the confusion and its consequences. This International Standard includes specifications for a numeric representation of information regarding date and time of day. In addition this International Standard includes specifications f

24、or representation of the formats of these numeric representations. In order to achieve similar formats for the representations of calendar dates, ordinal dates, dates identified by week number, time intervals, recurring time intervals, combined date and time of day, and differences between local tim

25、e and UTC of day, and to avoid ambiguities between these representations, it has been necessary to use, apart from numeric characters, either single alphabetic characters or other graphic characters or a combination of alphabetic and other characters in some of the representations. The above action

26、has had the benefit of enhancing the versatility and general applicability of previous International Standards in this field, and provides for the unique representation of any date or time expression or combination of these. Each representation can be easily recognized, which is beneficial when huma

27、n interpretation is required. This International Standard retains the most commonly used expressions for date and time of day and their representations from the earlier International Standards and provides unique representations for some new expressions used in practice. Its application in informati

28、on interchange, especially between data processing systems and associated equipment will eliminate errors arising from misinterpretation and the costs these generate. The promotion of this International Standard will not only facilitate interchange across international boundaries, but will also impr

29、ove the portability of software, and will ease problems of communication within an organization, as well as between organizations. Several of the alphabetic and graphic characters used in the text of this International Standard are common both to the representations specified and to normal typograph

30、ical presentation. Note that for units of time in plain text the symbols given in ISO 31-1 should be used. To avoid confusion between the representations and the actual text, its punctuation marks and associated graphic characters, all the representations are contained in brackets . The brackets are

31、 not part of the representation, and should be omitted when implementing the representations. All matter outside the brackets is normal text, and not part of the representation. In the associated examples, the brackets and typographical markings are omitted. BSISO8601:2004blank 4002:1068OSISBINTENRA

32、TIONAL TSANDADR IS:1068 O4002(E)I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Representation of dates and times 1 Scope This International Standard is applicable whenever representation of dates in the Gregorian calendar, times in the 24-hour timekeepin

33、g system, time intervals and recurring time intervals or of the formats of these representations are included in information interchange. It includes calendar dates expressed in terms of calendar year, calendar month and calendar day of the month; ordinal dates expressed in terms of calendar year an

34、d calendar day of the year; week dates expressed in terms of calendar year, calendar week number and calendar day of the week; local time based upon the 24-hour timekeeping system; Coordinated Universal Time of day; local time and the difference from Coordinated Universal Time; combination of date a

35、nd time of day; time intervals; recurring time intervals. This International Standard does not cover dates and times where words are used in the representation and dates and times where characters are not used in the representation. This International Standard does not assign any particular meaning

36、or interpretation to any data element that uses representations in accordance with this International Standard. Such meaning will be determined by the context of the application. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 Basic concepts

37、2.1.1 time axis mathematical representation of the succession in time of instantaneous events along a unique axis IEC 60050-111 2.1.2 instant point on the time axis IEC 60050-111 NOTE An instantaneous event occurs at a specific instant. BSISO8601:2004IS:1068 O4002(E) 2 I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr2

38、.1.3 time interval part of the time axis limited by two instants IEC 60050-111 NOTE A time interval comprises all instants between the two limiting instants and, unless otherwise stated, the limiting instants themselves. 2.1.4 time scale system of ordered marks which can be attributed to instants on

39、 the time axis, one instant being chosen as the origin IEC 60050-111 NOTE 1 A time scale may amongst others be chosen as: continuous, e.g. international atomic time (TAI) (see IEC 60050-713, item 713-05-18); continuous with discontinuities, e.g. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) due to leap seconds,

40、standard time due to summer time and winter time; successive steps, e.g. usual calendars, where the time axis is split up into a succession of consecutive time intervals and the same mark is attributed to all instants of each time interval; discrete, e.g. in digital techniques. NOTE 2 For physical a

41、nd technical applications, a time scale with quantitative marks is preferred, based on a chosen initial instant together with a unit of measurement. NOTE 3 Customary time scales use various units of measurement in combination, such as second, minute, hour, or various time intervals of the calendar s

42、uch as calendar day, calendar month and calendar year. NOTE 4 A time scale has a reference point which attributes one of the marks of the time scale to one of the instants, thus determining the attribution of marks to instants for the time scale. 2.1.5 time point date time mark attributed to an inst

43、ant by means of a specified time scale IEC 60050-111 NOTE 1 On a time scale consisting of successive steps, two distinct instants may be expressed by the same time point (see Note 1 of the term “time scale”). NOTE 2 For many time scales with quantitative marks, the numerical value of the time point

44、of an instant may also be considered to be equal to the duration between the origin of the time scale and the considered instant. NOTE 3 In IEC 60050-111 this definition corresponds with the term “date”. NOTE 4 The term “time” is often used in common language. However, it should only be used if the

45、meaning is clearly visible from the context, since the term “time” is also used with other meanings. 2.1.6 duration non-negative quantity attributed to a time interval, the value of which is equal to the difference between the time points of the final instant and the initial instant of the time inte

46、rval, when the time points are quantitative marks IEC 60050-111 BSISO8601:2004IS:1068 O4002(E) I SO 4002 All irthgs ersedevr 3NOTE 1 In the case of discontinuities in the time scale, such as a leap second or the change from winter time to summer time and back, the computation of the duration require

47、s the subtraction or addition of the change of duration of the discontinuity. NOTE 2 Duration is one of the base quantities in the International System of Quantities (ISQ) on which the International System of Units (SI) is based. The term “time” instead of “duration” is often used in this context. N

48、OTE 3 For the term “duration”, expressions such as “time” or “time interval” are often used. The term “time” is not recommended in this sense and the term “time interval” is deprecated in this sense to avoid confusion with the concept “time interval”. NOTE 4 The SI unit of duration is the second. 2.

49、1.7 nominal duration duration expressed amongst others in years, months, weeks or days NOTE The duration of a calendar year, a calendar month, a calendar week or a calendar day depends on its position in the calendar. Therefore, the exact duration of a nominal duration can only be evaluated if the duration of the calendar years, calendar months, calendar weeks or calendar days used are known. 2.1.8 date tim