BS ISO 9022-9-2016 Optics and photonics Environmental test methods Solar radiation and weathering《光学和光子学 环境试验方法 太阳辐射和风化》.pdf

1、BS ISO 9022-9:2016 Optics and photonics Environmental test methods Part 9: Solar radiation and weathering BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 9022-9:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 9022

2、-9:2016. It supersedes BS ISO 9022-9:1994 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CPW/172, Optics and Photonics. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purpo

3、rt to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 88208 1 ICS 37.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligati

4、ons. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 9022-9:2016 ISO 2016 Optics and photonics Environmental test methods Part 9: Solar radiation

5、and weathering Optique et photonique Mthodes dessais denvironnement Partie 9: Rayonnement solaire et dsagrgation INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9022-9 Second edition 2016-05-01 Reference number ISO 9022-9:2016(E)BS ISO 9022-9:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCU

6、MENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written

7、 permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgBS ISO 9022-9

8、:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 General information and test conditions 1 4 Conditioning methods. 2 4.1 Conditioning method 20: Solar radiation 2 4.2 Conditioning method 21: Laboratory weathering . 4 5 Procedure. 6 5.1 General . 6 5.2 Precond

9、itioning 6 6 Environmental test code . 7 7 Specification 7 Bibliography 8 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO 9022-9:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). T

10、he work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-go

11、vernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described

12、 in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to th

13、e possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO

14、list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as

15、 well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 1, Fundamental st

16、andards. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9022-9:1994), of which Clause 4 has been technically revised. ISO 9022 consists of the following parts, under the general title Optics and photonics Environmental test methods: Part 1: Definitions, extent of testing Part 2: Col

17、d, heat and humidity Part 3: Mechanical stress Part 4: Salt mist Part 6: Dust Part 7: Resistance to drip or rain Part 8: High internal pressure, low internal pressure, immersion Part 9: Solar radiation and weathering Part 11: Mould growth Part 12: Contamination Part 14: Dew, hoarfrost, ice Part 17:

18、Combined contamination, solar radiation Part 20: Humid atmosphere containing sulfur dioxide or hydrogen sulfideiv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 9022-9:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E) Part 22: Combined cold, dry heat or temperature change with bump or random vibration Part 23: Low pressure combined with

19、cold, ambient temperature and dry and damp heat ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 9022-9:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E) Introduction Optical instruments are affected during their use by a number of different environmental parameters which they are required to resist without significant reduction in perfo

20、rmance and to remain within defined specifications. The type and severity of these parameters depend on the conditions of use of the instrument (for example, in a laboratory or workshop) and on its geographical location. The environmental effects on optical instrument performance in the tropics and

21、subtropics are totally different from those found when they are used in arctic regions. Individual parameters cause a variety of different and overlapping effects on instrument performance. The manufacturer attempts to ensure, and the user naturally expects, that instruments will resist the likely r

22、igours of their environment throughout their life. This expectation can be assessed by exposure of the instrument to a range of simulated environmental parameters under controlled laboratory conditions. The severity of these conditions is often increased to obtain meaningful results in a relatively

23、short period of time. In order to allow assessment and comparison of the response of optical instruments to appropriate environmental conditions, ISO 9022 contains details of a number of laboratory tests which reliably simulate a variety of different environments. The tests are based largely on IEC

24、standards, modified where necessary to take into account features special to optical instruments. As a result of continuous progress in all fields, optical instruments are no longer only precision- engineered optical products, but, depending on their range of application, also contain additional ass

25、emblies from other fields. For this reason, the principal function of the instrument is to be assessed to determine which International Standard should be used for testing. If the optical function is of primary importance, then ISO 9022 is applicable; but if other functions take precedence, then the

26、 appropriate International Standard in the field concerned should be applied. Cases may arise where application of both ISO 9022 and other appropriate International Standards will be necessary.vi ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 9022-9:2016INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 9022-9:2016(E) Optics and phot

27、onics Environmental test methods Part 9: Solar radiation and weathering 1 Scope This part of ISO 9022 specifies the methods relating to the environmental tests of optical instruments including additional assemblies from other fields (e.g. mechanical, chemical and electronic devices), under equivalen

28、t conditions, for their ability to resist the effects of simulated solar radiation or laboratory weathering, which is a combination of simulated solar radiation, heat, and moisture. It is applicable to instruments that may be exposed to sunlight during operation or unsheltered storage on the earths

29、surface, or in the lower atmosphere. The purpose of testing is to investigate to what extent the optical, climatic, mechanical, chemical and electrical (including electrostatic) performance characteristics of the specimen are affected by solar radiation or weathering (solar radiation, heat, and mois

30、ture). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an

31、y amendments) applies . ISO 4892-1:1999, Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 1: General guidance ISO 4892-2:2013, Plastics Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps ISO 9022-1, Optics and photonics Environmental test methods Part 1: Definitions

32、, extent of testing ISO 9370, Plastics Instrumental determination of radiant exposure in weathering tests General guidance and basic test method IEC 60068-2-5:2010, Environmental testing Part 2-5: Tests Test Sa: Simulated solar radiation at ground level and guidance for solar radiation testing 3 Gen

33、eral information and test conditions A radiation source capable of generating irradiance as specified in Table 1 on the specimen surface or in a plane specified in the relevant specification is installed in a heated test chamber. The data shall include any radiation reflected from the test chamber w

34、alls but not infrared radiation emitted from the chamber walls on account of the wall temperature. Ozone generated during exposure shall be removed from the test chamber. The position and mounting of the specimen, the characteristics of its support and the location of the test points for measuring t

35、he radiation and the temperature within the exposure zone shall be specified in the relevant specification. In addition to the requirements specified above, IEC 60068-2-5 applies. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 9022-9:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E) 4 Conditioning methods 4.1 Conditioning method 20: So

36、lar radiation See Table 2. NOTE 1 Wavelengths in the atmospheric window below 280 nm are not covered by this part of ISO 9022. However, wavelengths below 280 nm can increase long-term degradation of optics, surfaces and other materials. In outdoor conditions, material degradation can therefore occur

37、 even when passing the test according to this part of ISO 9022. NOTE 2 An irradiance of 1 kW/m 2corresponds to the intensity of global radiation. The latter is the total radiation incident upon a horizontal area of the earths surface and is, with the sun being at the zenith, composed of direct solar

38、 radiation and solar radiation diffusely reflected from the atmosphere. The global radiation is not constant and has therefore been determined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) on the basis of solar constant l 0= 1,35 kW/m 2(see CIE No. 20/1972). NOTE 3 Degree of severity 01 repr

39、esents extreme natural stress and is preferably used to determine thermal influences. Degree of severity 02 represents medium-degree natural stress over a long period and is preferably used to determine thermal, photomechanical and ageing influences. Degrees of severity 03 and 04 do not represent tr

40、ue influences but are preferably used to determine photochemical influences and to achieve artificial ageing. In addition, heating effects on specimens of low thermal capacity may be determined. Table 1 Spectral energy distribution of the radiation source Spectral range Ultraviolet Visible Infrared

41、Wavelength band nm 280 to 320 beyond 320 to 400 beyond 400 to 520 beyond 520 to 640 beyond 640 to 780 beyond 780 to 3 000 Irradiance W/m 2 5 2 63 15 200 20 186 20 174 20 492 100 Table 2 Degrees of severity for conditioning method 20: Solar radiation Degree of severity 01 02 03 a 04 a Temperature lim

42、its within test chamber C t 2 55 2 55 2 40 2 55 2 t 1 25 2 Relative humidity % 25 Recirculating air speed m/s 1,5 to 3 Total irradiance kW/m 2 1,0 0,1 0 to 1,0 b 1,0 0,1 1,0 0,1 Total exposure time c d 3 5 4 10 Total radiant exposure c kWh/m 2 24 45 96 240 Test sequence c See Figure 1 See Figure 2 S

43、ee Figure 3 Number of cycles 3 5 1 State of operation 1 or 2 1 aFor testing representative specimens only. bCyclic. Tolerance for intermediate irradiance levels and upper limit: 0,1 kW/m 2 . cSee Figures 1 to 3.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 9022-9:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E) X Key 1 radiation expo

44、sure 2 1 cycle X duration, h T temperature, C Figure 1 Test sequence of controlled test chamber temperature and period of radiation exposure for degree of severity 01 (one of three cycles required) X Key 1 temperature 2 irradiance 3 1 cycle X duration, h T temperature, C Y irradiance, kW/m 2 Figure

45、2 Test sequence of irradiance and controlled test chamber temperature f o r d e g r e e o f s e v e r i t y 0 2 ( o n e o f f i v e c y c l e s r e q u i r e d) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 9022-9:2016ISO 9022-9:2016(E) X Key 1 radiation exposure X duration, h (96 or 240) T temperature, C Fi

46、gure 3 Test sequence of controlled test chamber temperature and period of radiation exposure for degrees of severity 03 and 04 4.2 Conditioning method 21: Laboratory weathering The purpose of the laboratory weathering test is to determine the effect of combined simulated solar radiation, heat and mo

47、isture, acting simultaneously on the test specimens, and causing chemical and physical degradation processes. General guidance and specific instructions on how to perform an accelerated weathering test using an appropriately filtered xenon-arc light source are provided in ISO 4892-1 and ISO 4892-2.

48、The laboratory light source shall be appropriately filtered xenon-arc lamp(s) meeting the specifications of ISO 4892-1 and ISO 4892-2. Exposure parameters according to ISO 4892-2:2013, Table 3 and Table 4, Cycle A-1 and Cycle A-4 are commonly used for the simulation of outdoor exposures, while Cycle

49、 B-2 and Cycle B-5 are for interior exposures behind window glass and Cycle B-3 and Cycle B-6 are for hot light fastness, e.g. for automotive interior devices. See Table 3 for laboratory weathering with temperature control using a black-standard thermometer and Table 4 for laboratory weathering with temperature control using a black-panel thermometer. Any changes to the test parameters described in Tables 3 and 4 shall be given in the re