BS ISO 9334-2012 Optics and photonics Optical transfer function Definitions and mathematical relationships《光学和光子学 光学传递函数 定义和数学关系》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 9334:2012 Optics and photonics Optical transfer function Definitions and mathematical relationshipsBS ISO 9334:2012 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Stan

2、dard is the UK implementation of ISO 9334:2012. It supersedes BS ISO 9334:2007 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CPW/172, Optics and Photonics. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secre

3、tary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 73544 8 ICS 17.180.01 Compliance with a British Standard ca

4、nnot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2012. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO 9334:2012 . Reference number Numro de rfrence ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) ISO

5、2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 9334 Third edition Troisime dition 2012-10-01 Optics and photonics Optical transfer function Definitions and mathematical relationships Optique et photonique Fonction de transfert optique Dfinitions et relations mathmatiques BS ISO 9334:2012 ISO 93

6、34:2012(E/F/R) ISO 2012 The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, instruction booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for such reproduction are: th

7、at no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for dictionaries or similar publications offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document. With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publica

8、tion may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. La reproduction des termes et des dfinitions contenu

9、s dans la prsente Norme internationale est autorise dans les manuels denseignement, les modes demploi, les publications et revues techniques destins exclusivement lenseignement ou la mise en application. Les conditions dune telle reproduction sont les suivantes: aucune modification nest apporte aux

10、termes et dfinitions; la reproduction nest pas autorise dans des dictionnaires ou publications similaires destins la vente; la prsente Norme internationale est cite comme document source. la seule exception mentionne ci-dessus, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sou

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12、Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland/Publi en Suisse/O ea a o e a ii ISO 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT DOCUMENT PROTG PAR COPYRIGHT BS ISO 9334:2012 ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) ISO

13、 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ iiiContents Page Foreword . vii Introduction . x 1 Scope . . 2 2 Normative references 2 3 Fundamental definitions . 6 4 Practical definitions 24 Bibliography 31 Alphabetical index 32 French alphabetical index (Index alphabtique) . 33 Russian alphabetical

14、 index ( ) 34 BS ISO 9334:2012 ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) iv ISO 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ Sommaire Page Avant-propos . viii Introduction xii 1 Domaine dapplication . 2 2 Rfrences normatives 2 3 Termes et dfinitions fondamentaux 6 4 Termes et dfinitions pratiques 24 Bibliographie 31 Ind

15、ex alphabtique anglais (Alphabetical index) 32 Index alphabtique 33 Index alphabtique russe ( ) . 34 BS ISO 9334:2012 ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) ISO 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ v . ix . xiv 1 2 2 . 2 3 6 4 . 24 . 31 a (Alphabetical index) 32 (Index alphabtique) . 33 . 34 BS ISO 9334:2012

16、ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) vi ISO 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO tec

17、hnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closel

18、y with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft

19、International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this documen

20、t may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 9334 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 172, Optics and photonics, Subcommittee SC 1, Fundamental standards. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition

21、(ISO 9334:2007), which has undergone a minor revision to add to Table 1, where applicable, the drawing notation typically used to designate the tabulated parameters. BS ISO 9334:2012 ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) ISO 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ viiAvant-propos LISO (Organisation internationa

22、le de normalisation) est une fdration mondiale dorganismes nationaux de normalisation (comits membres de lISO). Llaboration des Normes internationales est en gnral confie aux comits techniques de lISO. Chaque comit membre intress par une tude a le droit de faire partie du comit technique cr cet effe

23、t. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec lISO participent galement aux travaux. LISO collabore troitement avec la Commission lectrotechnique internationale (CEI) en ce qui concerne la normalisation lectrotechnique. Les Normes internationales son

24、t rdiges conformment aux rgles donnes dans les Directives ISO/CEI, Partie 2. La tche principale des comits techniques est dlaborer les Normes internationales. Les projets de Normes internationales adopts par les comits techniques sont soumis aux comits membres pour vote. Leur publication comme Norme

25、s internationales requiert lapprobation de 75 % au moins des comits membres votants. Lattention est appele sur le fait que certains des lments du prsent document peuvent faire lobjet de droits de proprit intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. LISO ne saurait tre tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoi

26、r identifi de tels droits de proprit et averti de leur existence. LISO 9334 a t labore par le comit technique ISO/TC 172, Optique et photonique, sous-comit SC 1, Normes fondamentales. Cette troisime dition annule et remplace la deuxime dition (ISO 9334:2007), qui a fait lobjet dune rvision mineure,

27、afin dajouter au Tableau 1, le cas chant, la notation de dessins typiquement utilise pour dsigner les paramtres tabuls. BS ISO 9334:2012 ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) viii ISO 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ ( ) ( - ). . - . , , . ( ) . , / , 2. . , , - . 75 % - . , . . O 9334 O/TK 172, , 1, . (

28、 O 9334:2007) 1, , , . BS ISO 9334:2012 ISO 9334:2012(E/F/R) ISO 2012 All rights reserved/Tous droits rservs/ i Introduction The optical transfer function (OTF) is an important aid to objective evaluation of the image-forming capability of optical, electro-optical and other imaging systems. To allow

29、 comparison of optical transfer function measurements achieved using different measuring principles and instruments, or obtained from measuring instruments in different laboratories, it is necessary to ensure equivalence of measurement parameters such as focus setting and spatial frequency range. Fo

30、r this reason, an agreed terminology must be defined so that the measurement parameters called upon in a standard may be understood by all users. Definitions of the terms used in optical transfer function measurement are listed in this International Standard. The specifications in this International

31、 Standard form the basic requirements of measurement instrumentation and procedures for guaranteeing a defined accuracy of measurement of the optical transfer function. The optical transfer function provides a means of expressing the image-forming quality of imaging systems objectively. Subjective m

32、easures of optical performance, such as limiting resolution, give less information about the imaging performance of the system under test and are susceptible to the variability of human observers. It is important to note that the optical transfer function is only one of a number of objective paramet

33、ers, such as noise, veiling glare, image structure (sampling), etc., which may affect image quality and all such parameters should be included in a comprehensive description of the performance of an imaging system. The optical transfer function concept originated in the field of optical systems, com

34、prising lenses and mirrors, which closely satisfy the conditions of (radiometric) linearity and isoplanatism in their image-forming process. It allowed optical and systems designers to predict, with high reliability, the performance of optical systems of this type from the basic design data. When th

35、e requirements for isoplanatism and linearity are completely satisfied, the optical transfer function can be regarded as expressing the way in which each sinusoidal spatial frequency component in the Fourier spectrum of an incoherently radiating object is transferred to the image as a sinusoidal pat

36、tern with reduced modulation and (frequently) a shift of phase. However, for some imaging devices, the linearity and isoplanatism conditions are met only within certain limits. In order to adopt the optical transfer function approach, even under these conditions, two key concepts will be introduced.

37、 First, it will be assumed that it is possible to identify a certain range over which a system behaves in a linear manner. Secondly, there will be an area of the object/image field over which the system is isoplanatic such that the measured optical transfer function can be assumed to be accurate within a specified tolerance. The basic measurement technique also becomes significant in this situation and must be specified as part of the measurement conditions relating to that device. This information is contained