1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 15438:2015 Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques PDF417 bar code symbology specificationBS ISO/IEC 15438:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 15438:2015. It superse
2、des BS EN ISO/IEC 15438:2010 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/34, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publicat
3、ion does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 85359 3 ICS 35.040 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity f
4、rom legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2015. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 15438:2015 Information technology Automatic identification and data capture te
5、chniques PDF417 bar code symbology specification Technologies de linformation Techniques automatiques didentification et de capture des donnes Spcifications pour la symbologie de code barres PDF417 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15438 Reference number ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E) Third edition 2015-09- 15
6、ISO/IEC 2015 BS ISO/IEC 15438:2015ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or me
7、chanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
8、, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E)BS ISO/IEC 15438:2015ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E)Foreword v Introduction vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 4 Symbols, operations and abbreviated terms 3 4.1 Symbols .
9、 3 4.2 Mathematical operations . 4 4.3 Abbreviated terms . 4 5 Requirements 4 5.1 Symbology characteristics 4 5.1.1 Basic characteristics . 4 5.1.2 Summary of additional features . 5 5.2 Symbol structure . 6 5.2.1 PDF417 symbol parameters 6 5.2.2 Row parameters . 6 5.2.3 Codeword sequence 7 5.3 Basi
10、c encodation 8 5.3.1 Symbol character structure 8 5.3.2 Start and stop characters 9 5.4 High level (data) encodation . 9 5.4.1 Function codewords 10 5.4.2 Text Compaction mode 12 5.4.3 Byte Compaction mode .17 5.4.4 Numeric Compaction mode .19 5.4.5 Advice to select the appropriate compaction mode .
11、20 5.4.6 Treatment of PDF417 reserved codewords.20 5.5 Extended Channel Interpretation 21 5.5.1 Encoding the ECI assignment number .22 5.5.2 Pre-assigned and default Extended Channel Interpretations 22 5.5.3 Encoding ECI sequences within compaction modes 23 5.5.4 Post-decode protocol 25 5.6 Determin
12、ing the codeword sequence 25 5.7 Error detection and correction 25 5.7.1 Error correction level .25 5.7.2 Error correction capacity 26 5.7.3 Defining the error correction codewords26 5.8 Dimensions 27 5.8.1 Minimum width of a module (X) .27 5.8.2 Row height (Y) 27 5.8.3 Quiet zones 27 5.9 Defining t
13、he symbol format 27 5.9.1 Defining the aspect ratio of the module 27 5.9.2 Defining the symbol matrix of rows and columns .28 5.10 Generating the error correction codewords .29 5.11 Low level encodation 30 5.11.1 Clusters .31 5.11.2 Determining the symbol matrix .31 5.11.3 Determining the values of
14、the left and right row indicators .32 5.11.4 Row encoding 32 5.12 Compact PDF417 32 5.13 Macro PDF417 32 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO/IEC 15438:2015ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E)5.13.1 Compaction modes and Macro PDF417 33 5.13.2 ECIs and Macro PDF417 .33 5.14 User guidelines 33 5.
15、14.1 Human readable interpretation .33 5.14.2 Autodiscrimination capability .33 5.14.3 User-defined application parameters .33 5.14.4 PDF417 symbol quality .34 5.15 Reference decode algorithm.34 5.16 Error detection and error correction procedure 34 5.17 Transmitted data 34 5.17.1 Transmitted data i
16、n the basic (default) interpretation .34 5.17.2 Transmission protocol for Extended Channel Interpretation (ECI) .35 5.17.3 Transmitted data for Macro PDF417 .36 5.17.4 Transmission of reserved codewords using the ECI protocol .36 5.17.5 Symbology identifier .36 5.17.6 Transmission using older protoc
17、ols .36 Annex A (normative) Encoding/decoding table of PDF417 symbol character bar- space sequences .37 Annex B (normative) The default character set for Byte Compaction mode .60 Annex C (normative) Byte Compaction mode encoding algorithm .61 Annex D (normative) Numeric Compaction mode encoding algo
18、rithm .63 Annex E (normative) User selection of error correction level 65 Annex F (normative) Tables of coefficients for calculating PDF417 error correction codewords .66 Annex G (normative) Compact PDF417 70 Annex H (normative) Macro PDF417 71 Annex I (normative) Testing PDF417 symbol quality 79 An
19、nex J (normative) Reference decode algorithm for PDF417 .80 Annex K (normative) Error correction procedures .84 Annex L (normative) Symbology identifier 86 Annex M (normative) Transmission protocol for decoders conforming with original PDF417 standards 87 Annex N (informative) Algorithm to minimise
20、the number of codewords 93 Annex O (informative) Guidelines to determine the symbol matrix 95 Annex P (informative) Calculating the coefficients for generating the error correction codewords worked example .99 Annex Q (informative) Generating the error correction codewords - worked example 100 Annex
21、 R (informative) Division circuit procedure for generating error correction codewords .104 Annex S (informative) Additional guidelines for the use of PDF417 .106 Bibliography .108 iv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 15438:2015ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organizati
22、on for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respecti
23、ve organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
24、technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different typ
25、es of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not
26、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is inf
27、ormation given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
28、 the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO/IEC 15438:2006), of
29、 which it constitutes a minor revision. ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 15438:2015ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E) Introduction The technology of bar coding is based on the recognition of patterns of bars and spaces of defined dimensions. There are various methods of encoding information in bar co
30、de form, known as symbologies, and the rules defining the translation of characters into bars and space patterns and other essential features are known as the symbology specification. Manufacturers of bar code equipment and users of bar code technology require publicly available standard symbology s
31、pecifications to which they can refer when developing equipment and application standards. It is the intent and understanding of ISO/IEC t h a t t h e s y m b o l o g y p r e s e n t e d i n t h i s International Standard is entirely in the public domain and free of all user restrictions, licences a
32、nd fees.vi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 15438:2015Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques PDF417 bar code symbology specification 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the requirements for the bar code symbology known as PDF417. It specifies
33、PDF417 symbology characteristics, data character encodation, symbol formats, dimensions, error correction rules, reference decoding algorithm, and a number of application parameters. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
34、are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 646, Information technology ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange ISO/IEC
35、 15415, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques Bar code symbol print quality test specification Two-dimensional symbols ISO/IEC 15424, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques Data Carrier Identifiers (including Symbology Identi
36、fiers) ISO/IEC 19762-1, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 1: General terms relating to AIDC ISO/IEC 19762-2, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 2: Op
37、tically readable media (ORM) ISO/IEC 24723, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques GS1 Composite bar code symbology specification 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762-1, ISO/IEC 19762-2 and th
38、e following apply. 3.1 basic channel model standard system for encoding and transmitting bar code data where data message bytes are output from the decoder but no control information about the message is transmitted Note 1 to entry: A decoder complying with this model operates in Basic Channel Mode.
39、 3.2 bar-space sequence sequence which represents the module widths of the elements of a symbol character INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E) ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 15438:2015ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E) 3.3 cluster any of the three mutually exclusive subsets of PDF417 symbo
40、l characters Note 1 to entry: The symbol characters in a given cluster conform with particular structural rules which are used in decoding the symbology. 3.4 compaction mode any of the three data compaction algorithms in PDF417 (Text, Numeric and Byte Compaction modes) which are used to map 8-bit da
41、ta bytes efficiently to PDF417 codewords 3.5 e-distance distance from the leading edge of an element to the leading edge of the next similar element, or from trailing edge to trailing edge 3.6 error correction codeword encodes a value derived from the error correction codeword algorithm to enable de
42、code errors to be detected and, depending on the error correction level, to be corrected 3.7 Extended Channel Interpretation ECI procedure within some symbologies, including PDF417, to replace the default interpretation with another interpretation in a reliable manner Note 1 to entry: The interpreta
43、tion intended prior to producing the symbol can be retrieved after decoding the scanned symbol to recreate the data message in its original format. 3.8 Extended Channel Model system for encoding and transmitting both data message bytes and control information about the message, the control informati
44、on being communicated using Extended Channel Interpretation (ECI) escape sequences Note 1 to entry: A decoder complying with this model operates in Extended Channel Mode. 3.9 function codeword initiates a particular operation within a symbology EXAMPLE To switch between data encoding sets, to invoke
45、 a compaction scheme, to program the reader, or to invoke Extended Channel Interpretations. 3.10 Global Label Identifier GLI procedure in the PDF417 symbology which behaves in a similar manner to Extended Channel Interpretation Note 1 to entry: The GLI system was the PDF417-specific precursor to the
46、 symbology-independent ECI system. 3.11 Macro PDF417 procedure in the PDF417 symbology logically to distribute data from a computer file across a number of related PDF417 symbols Note 1 to entry: The procedure considerably extends the data capacity beyond that of a single symbol. Note 2 to entry: Th
47、is procedure is similar to the Structured Append feature in other symbologies.2 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 15438:2015ISO/IEC 15438:2015(E) 3.12 Mode Latch codeword used to switch from one mode to another mode, which stays in effect until another latch or shift codeword is implicitly
48、or explicitly brought into use, or until the end of the symbol is reached 3.13 Mode Shift codeword used to switch from one mode to another for one codeword, after which encoding returns to the original mode 3.14 Row Indicator codeword PDF417 codeword adjacent to the start or stop character in a row,
49、 which encodes information about the structure of the PDF417 symbol in terms of the row identification, total number of rows and columns, and the error correction level 3.15 Symbol Length Descriptor first codeword in a PDF417 symbol, which encodes the total number of data codewords in the symbol 4 Symbols, operations and abbreviated terms 4.1 Symbols For the purposes of this International Standard, the following mathematical symbols apply. There are some cases where
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