BS ISO IEC 19778-1-2015 Information technology Learning education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace Collaborative workplace data model《信息技术 学习 .pdf

1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015 Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 1: Collaborative workplace data modelBS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementati

2、on of ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/43, Information technology for learning, education and training. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not p

3、urport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 84784 4 ICS 03.100.30; 35.240.99 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity f

4、rom legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2015. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015 Information technology Learning, education and trainin

5、g Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model Technologies de linformation Apprentissage, ducation et formation Technologies collaboratives Lieu de travail collaboratif Partie 1: Modle de donnes du lieu de travail collaboratif INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS

6、O/IEC 19778-1 Reference number ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015(E) Second edition 2015-10-15 ISO/IEC 2015 BS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015ii ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication ma

7、y be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the

8、 requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015(E)BS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 1.1 Statement of scope

9、. 1 1.1.1 ISO/IEC 19778 . 1 1.1.2 This part of ISO/IEC 19778 1 1.2 Subjects and aspects not currently addressed in ISO/IEC 19778 2 1.3 Excluded subjects and aspects in ISO/IEC 19778 2 1.4 Subjects and aspects addressed in related standards . 2 2 Normative references 2 3 T erms and definitions . 3 3.

10、1 Terms and definitions used to specify a representation of a Data Model 3 3.2 Terms and definitions for the Data Model Elements of this and related standards 6 4 Abbreviated terms and acronyms 7 5 Collaborative workplace Data Model 8 5.1 Data Model representation . 8 5.2 Collaborative workplace Dat

11、a Model diagram .12 5.3 Collaborative workplace Data Model specification 12 5.4 Supplementing information for DMEs of the CW DM .15 5.4.1 AE CW_General .15 5.4.2 DE CW_Name 15 5.4.3 DE CW_Description .15 5.4.4 AE CW_ID .15 5.4.5 DE CW_ID_source .15 5.4.6 DE CW_ID_value .16 5.4.7 DE CW_Life-span .16

12、5.4.8 AE CW_Components . 16 5.4.9 AE CE_ID-Ref .16 5.4.10 DE CE_ID-Ref_source .16 5.4.11 DE CE_ID-Ref_value.16 5.4.12 AE CG_ID-Ref 16 5.4.13 DE CG_ID-Ref_source .16 5.4.14 DE CG_ID-Ref_value 17 6 Conformance 17 Annex A (informative) Alphabetical list of terms .19 Annex B (informative) Minimalistic u

13、se case .20 Annex C (informative) Rich use case 28 Bibliography .35 ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the spec

14、ialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical c

15、ommittees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The proc

16、edures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial ru

17、les of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rig

18、hts identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an ex

19、planation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information. The committee responsible for this d

20、ocument is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology for learning, education and training. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 199781:2008), of which it constitutes a minor revision. ISO/IEC 19778 consists of the following parts

21、, under the general title Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace: Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model Part 2: Collaborative environment data model Part 3: Collaborative group data modeliv ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/

22、IEC 19778-1:2015ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015(E) Introduction Many activities in the field of learning, education and training are collaborative in nature, involving turn-taking, statement-and-response or multi-thread discussions which, in turn, take place among participants over periods of time ranging from

23、 seconds to entire human generations. For example, a question posed via text messaging or email might receive a response in a matter of seconds, minutes or hours; commentary on a historically-significant text might take place months, years or even generations after it has been written. A typical col

24、laborative event is initiated by one participant, is usually received by several other participants, refers to a previous collaborative event, and provides a response to it. Collaborative activities can be established in the widest imaginable range of circumstances, involving many different communic

25、ative forms and contents. The International Standards on collaborative technology for learning, education and training focus on a particular subset of these collaborative activities. All terms specifically defined in these International Standards are italicized throughout all parts of ISO/IEC 19778.

26、 This subset of activities is characterized by: information exchange in small or medium-sized collaborative groups of participants (typically above two and below a few dozen) who collaborate over relatively short periods of time (typically several days to several months); information exchange taking

27、 place through the use of communication technology, using either a single, well-defined collaborative tool supporting collaborative functions, or a set of collaborative tools, organized in a collaborative environment; short intervals in establishing feedback on messages or expressions (generally sec

28、onds to hours); the exchange of relatively small information chunks (ranging between a single word and a small number of paragraphs); a relatively high level of responsiveness among active collaborative group members; information exchanged among participants (due to a number of the factors listed ab

29、ove) tends to be highly context-dependent or -sensitive; important contextual information presented by the relationship between these collaborative group members and the collaborative environment (and its subcomponents), which all together form a collaborative workplace. ISO/IEC 19778 consists of th

30、ree parts: Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model provides a representation format for Data Model specification, and specifies the Data Model structure and the Data Model Elements for the collaborative workplace in general. Part 2: Collaborative environment data model specifies the Data Model st

31、ructure and the Data Model Elements for the technical infrastructure of a collaborative workplace. Part 3: Collaborative group data model specifies the Data Model structure and the Data Model Elements specifying and providing information for the membership of a collaborative workplace. ISO/IEC 2015

32、All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015(E) F i g u r e 1 E n t i t i e s d e f i n e d i n I S O / I E C 1 9 7 7 8 Figure 1 illustrates the relationships among the three physical entities involved. Any collaborative workplace represents the combination of a particular collab

33、orative environment and a particular collaborative group. While the physical entity collaborative workplace contains its collaborative environment and its collaborative group, the Data Model instantiations for these physical entities (and the Data Models from which these instantiations are derived)

34、are separate data entities. The Data Models specified by ISO/IEC 19778 provide the structure and the concepts for information which supports the understanding of the application intentions of collaborative workplaces and their components, is qualified for supporting the set-up and managing of collab

35、orative workplaces, enables the specification of relationships among Data Model instantiations derived from ISO/IEC 19778 or among their Data Model Element instantiations, and enables the specification of relationships among anticipated, further Data Models or their Data Model Elements (or their ins

36、tantiations), and the Data Models or their Data Model Elements of ISO/IEC 19778 (or their instantiations). The interrelationship among a collaborative workplace and its collaborative environment and collaborative group, their associated Data Model instantiations, and the corresponding Data Models sp

37、ecified in ISO/IEC 19778 is illustrated in Figure 2. Figure 2 The interrelationship among a collaborative workplace and its collaborative environment and collaborative group, their associated Data Model instantiations, and the Data Models s p e c i f i e d i n I S O / I E C 1 9 7 7 8 This part of IS

38、O/IEC 19778 specifies a Data Model that provides general information on a collaborative workplace (in Figure 2, the outer frame to the left). A collaborative workplace comprises a technical vi ISO/IEC 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015(E) infrastructure (ISO/IEC 1977

39、82, Collaborative environment) and means of defining its membership (ISO/IEC 197783, Collaborative group). As illustrated in Figure 2, it is important to distinguish among (from left to right) the physical entities of a collaborative workplace, comprising its technical infrastructure and its members

40、; the Data Model instantiations that are associated with these physical entities, and that are derived from their respective Data Models using any conforming binding; the Data Models provided by ISO/IEC 19778 and specifying the (binding-independent) rules for creating Data Model instantiations. ISO/

41、IEC 2015 All rights reserved viiBS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015BS ISO/IEC 19778-1:2015Information technology Learning, education and training Collaborative technology Collaborative workplace Part 1: Collaborative workplace data model 1 Scope 1.1 Statement of scope 1.1.1 ISO/IEC 19778 ISO/IEC 19778 is applic

42、able to collaborative technologies used to support communication among learners, instructors and other participants. The implementation and communicative use of these technologies entails the creation of information related to participant groups, and to the collaborative environments, functions and

43、tools that are set up for, and used by, these groups. This part of ISO/IEC 19778:, together with its subsequent parts, defines Data Models that enable the portability and reuse of this data in integrated form, and allow Data Model instantiations to be interchanged, stored, retrieved, reused or analy

44、sed by a variety of systems. NOTE 1 A typical case of reusing a particular collaborative workplace Data Model instantiation (and its interlinked collaborative environment and collaborative group Data Model instantiations) is the automated set-up of new collaborative workplaces by using the specifica

45、tions in the Data Model instantiations as templates. NOTE 2 The reason for providing the specification for a collaborative workplace using several Data Models and their instantiations is to provide flexibility in the further development of these standards in future editions. By providing optional re

46、ferences to potential further specifications or standards, this approach goes far beyond the parts of ISO/IEC 19778 and the limited number of information elements provided by them. 1.1.2 This part of ISO/IEC 19778 This part of ISO/IEC 19778 specifies a table-based approach for defining Data Models.

47、This Data Model specification is used for specifying the collaborative workplace Data Model. The same Data Model specification is also used in ISO/IEC 19778-2 and ISO/IEC 19778-3 to define the related components of the collaborative environment (ISO/IEC 19778-2) and the collaborative group (ISO/IEC

48、19778-3) in separate Data Models. NOTE 1 This Data Model specification is also used in ISO/IEC 19780. The collaborative workplace Data Model specifies the Data Model Elements and their interrelationships that enable the creation of collaborative workplace Data Model instantiations. Any conforming co

49、llaborative workplace Data Model instantiation describes or specifies a particular collaborative workplace with which it is associated. NOTE 2 How the association of a particular collaborative workplace Data Model instantiation and a particular collaborative workplace is implemented is outside the scope of this part of ISO/IEC 19778 (i.e. is dependent on the implementation of the used collaboration system). Any conforming collaborativ