BS ISO IEC 2382-37-2017 Information technology Vocabulary Biometrics《信息技术 词汇表 生物统计学》.pdf

1、BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017 Information technology Vocabulary Part 37: Biometrics BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017. It supers

2、edes BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2012 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/44, Biometrics. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the ne

3、cessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 87058 3 ICS 01.040.35; 35.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Bri

4、tish Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2017. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017 Information technology Vocabulary Part 37: Biometrics Technologies de linformation Vo

5、cabulaire Partie 37: Biomtrie INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 2382-37 Reference number ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E) Second edition 2017-02 ISO/IEC 2017 BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017ii ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless

6、 otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the add

7、ress below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E)BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E)Foreword i

8、v Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 3.1 General concept terms . . 1 3.2 Biometric system terms 2 3.3 Terms for data in biometric systems 3 3.4 Device terms 9 3.5 Functioning terms 9 3.6 Interacting terms12 3.7 Personnel terms 16 3.8 Application terms 18

9、 3.9 Performance terms .19 Bibliography .23 Index 23 ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system

10、for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO and IEC participate in the development of International standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees coll

11、aborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to

12、 develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of th

13、e ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified

14、 during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation o

15、n the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html. The committee res

16、ponsible for this document is ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 37, Biometrics. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 2382-37:2012). Minor changes have been made to some of the terms published in the 2012 edition and 41 new terms have been added.iv

17、ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E) Introduction The main purpose of this document is to provide a systematic description of the concepts in the subject field of biometrics and to clarify the use of the terms in this subject field. The subject field of biom

18、etrics is broken down into subfields. This document is addressed to biometrics standardizers and to users of these standards. Terms defined in this document are to be understood in the subject field of biometrics. When terms exist in various subject fields, the current subject field may be indicated

19、 in angle brackets. Words that are bolded are defined in this document. Words that are not bolded are to be understood in their natural language sense. The authority for natural language use of terms in this document is the Concise Oxford English Dictionary, Thumb Index Edition (tenth edition, revis

20、ed, 2002). EXAMPLE candidatebiometric reference identifier (3.3.19) of a biometric reference (3.3.16) in the biometric reference database (3.3.17) determined to be similar to the biometric probe (3.3.14) candidatea person who applies for a job or is nominated for election NOTE When using terms defin

21、ed with a qualifier (for example, “biometric xxx”), it is normal to include the qualifier on the first occurrence of the term in every paragraph, but to omit it on subsequent occurrences of that term within the same paragraph. In broader contexts, where the qualifier (in this case, biometric) is cle

22、arly understood, then the qualifier may be omitted completely. The terms in this document are listed in a systematic order under a number of general headings. The layout follows the directions given in ISO 10241-1. Thus, the elements of an entry appear in the following order: Entry number (mandatory

23、); Preferred term(s) (mandatory); Admitted term(s) (mandatory); Deprecated term(s); Definition; Example(s); Note(s). ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017Information technology Vocabulary Part 37: Biometrics 1 Scope This document establishes a systematic de

24、scription of the concepts in the field of biometrics pertaining to recognition of human beings and reconciles variant terms in use in pre-existing biometric standards against the preferred terms, thereby clarifying the use of terms in this field. Excluded from the scope of this document are concepts

25、 (represented by terms) from information technology, pattern recognition, biology, mathematics, etc. Biometrics uses such fields of knowledge as a basis. In principle, mode specific terms are outside of scope of this document. Words that are bolded are defined in this document. Words that are not bo

26、lded are understood in their natural language sense. The authority for natural language use of terms in this document is the Concise Oxford English Dictionary, Thumb Index Edition (tenth edition, revised, 2002). Words used in their natural language sense are considered out-of-scope for further defin

27、ition in this document. 2 Normative references There are no normative references in this document. 3 T erms a nd definiti ons 3.1 General concept terms 3.1.1 biometric (adjective) of or having to do with biometrics (3.1.3) EXAMPLE 1 Incorrect usage #1: ICAO resolved that face is the biometric most s

28、uited to the practicalities of travel documents. EXAMPLE 2 Correct usage #1: ICAO resolved that face recognition is the biometric mode (3.2.5) most suited to the practicalities of travel documents. EXAMPLE 3 Incorrect usage #2: The biometric recorded in my passport is a facial image. EXAMPLE 4 Corre

29、ct usage #2: The biometric characteristic (3.1.2) recorded in my passport is a facial image. Note 1 to entry: The use of biometric as a noun, to mean for example, biometric characteristic (3.1.2), is deprecated. Note 2 to entry: Since the late 19th century, the designations biometrics and biometry h

30、ave been used with the general meaning of counting, measuring and statistical analysis of any kind of data in the biological sciences including the relevant medical sciences. INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E) ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017

31、(E) 3.1.2 biometric characteristic DEPRECATED: biometric (noun) biological and behavioural characteristic of an individual from which distinguishing, repeatable biometric features (3.3.11) can be extracted for the purpose of biometric recognition (3.1.3) EXAMPLE Examples of biometric characteristics

32、 are: Galton ridge structure, face topography, facial skin texture, hand topography, finger topography, iris structure, vein structure of the hand, ridge structure of the palm, retinal pattern, handwritten signature dynamics, etc. 3.1.3 biometric recognition biometrics automated recognition of indiv

33、iduals based on their biological and behavioural characteristics Note 1 to entry: In the field of biometrics (as defined in this document), “Individual” is restricted in scope to refer only to humans. Note 2 to entry: The general meaning of biometrics encompasses counting, measuring and statistical

34、analysis of any kind of data in the biological sciences including the relevant medical sciences. Note 3 to entry: Biometric recognition encompasses biometric verification (3.8.3) and biometric identification (3.8.2). Note 4 to entry: Automated recognition implies that a machine based system is used

35、for the recognition either for the full process or assisted by a human being. Note 5 to entry: Behavioural and biological characteristics cannot be completely separated which is why the definition uses and instead of and/or. For example, a fingerprint image results from the biological characteristic

36、s of the finger ridge patterns and the behavioural act of presenting the finger. Note 6 to entry: Use of authentication as a synonym for “biometric verification (3.8.3) or biometric identification (3.8.2)” is deprecated; the term biometric recognition is preferred. 3.2 Biometric system terms 3.2.1 b

37、iometric capture subsystem biometric capture devices (3.4.1) and any sub-processes required to execute a biometric capture process (3.5.2) Note 1 to entry: In some systems, converting a signal from a biometric characteristic (3.1.2) to a captured biometric sample (3.3.25) may include multiple compon

38、ents such as a camera, photographic paper, printer, digital scanner, ink and paper. Note 2 to entry: A biometric capture subsystem can consist of only a single biometric capture device (3.4.1). 3.2.2 biome t r ic ide nt i f ic at ion s y s t e m system that aims to perform biometric identification (

39、3.8.2) 3.2.3 biometric system system for the purpose of the biometric recognition (3.1.3) of individuals based on their behavioural and biological characteristics Note 1 to entry: A biometric system will contain both biometric (3.1.1) and non-biometric components. 3.2.4 biome t r ic ve r i f ic at i

40、on s y s t e m system that aims to perform biometric verification (3.8.3)2 ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E) 3.2.5 mode DEPRECATED: biometric (noun) combination of a biometric characteristic (3.1.2) type, a sensor type and a processing method Note 1 to en

41、try: The processing algorithm may contain multiple methods, details of which may not be externally apparent. Thus a biometric system (3.2.3) is considered as using one processing method, until it is otherwise specified. Note 2 to entry: Determining what constitutes a single type of sensor, processin

42、g method or biometric characteristic (3.1.2) will depend on convention. For example, current convention is that images of ridge patterns from both thumbs and fingers represent a single biometric characteristic (3.1.2) type, i.e. fingerprints. With respect to sensors, infrared and optical bandwidth s

43、ensors are considered different types, but optical bandwidth sensors are considered a single type despite imaging red, green and blue bandwidths. 3.2.6 multi-modal multiple in at least 2 out of 3 constituents of a mode (3.2.5) in a single biometric system (3.2.3) Note 1 to entry: Multiple implies di

44、fference in type. 3.2.7 system participation ratio proportion of individuals eligible to use the system who do use the system Note 1 to entry: Enrolled individuals are a subset of eligible individuals. 3.3 Terms for data in biometric systems 3.3.1 anonymized biometric data record biometric data reco

45、rd (3.3.8) purposely disassociated from individual metadata Note 1 to entry: The biometric data (3.3.6) within the biometric data record (3.3.8) ultimately remains attributable to an individual. 3.3.2 biometric application database database of biometric data (3.3.6) and associated metadata developed

46、 from and supporting the operation of a biometric (3.1.1) application Note 1 to entry: The metadata may include transaction history; authorizations (e.g. age) of biometric data subject (3.7.5); and archived biometric data (3.3.6). Note 2 to entry: The term application includes the policies that gove

47、rn the operation of the system and evidence of that operation. 3.3.3 biometric application decision decision to perform an action at the application level based on the results of a biometric (3.1.1) process Note 1 to entry: The application decision may include more than a comparison (3.5.7) process.

48、 For example, a biometric capture process (3.5.2) may show that there are no characteristics to capture and a decision can be made on this before any biometric characteristics (3.1.2) are compared. Note 2 to entry: Biometric application decisions can be made on the basis of complex policies involvin

49、g both biometric (3.1.3) and non-biometric data. 3.3.4 biometric candidate biometric reference identifier (3.3.19) of a biometric reference (3.3.16) in the biometric reference database (3.3.17) determined to be sufficiently similar to the biometric probe (3.3.14) to warrant further analysis ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved 3BS ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017ISO/IEC 2382-37:2017(E) 3.3.5 biometric candidate list set of zero, one or more biometric candidates (3.3.4) that may be intermediate