BS ISO IEC 24730-22-2012 Information technology Real-time locating systems (RTLS) Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2 4 GHz air interface protocol Transmitters opera.pdf

1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 Information technology - Real- time locating systems (RTLS) Part 22: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: T r a n s

2、m i t t e r s o p e r a t i n g w i t h m u l t i p l e spread codes and employing a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK) spreading schemeBS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012. Together with BS

3、 ISO/IEC 24730-2:2012 and BS ISO/ IEC 24730-21:2012, it supersedes BS ISO/IEC 24730-2:2006 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/34, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. A list of organizations represented on this commit

4、tee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 74408 2 ICS 35.0

5、40 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2012. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012Reference number

6、ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24730-22 First edition 2012-06-01 Information technology Real-time locating systems (RTLS) Part 22: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with multiple spread codes and employi

7、ng a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK) spreading scheme Technologies de linformation Systmes de localisation en temps rel (RTLS) Partie 22: Protocole dinterface dair 2,4 GHz dtalement de spectre squence directe (DSSS): metteurs fonctionnant avec des codes dtalement multiples et utili

8、sant un codage de donnes QPSK et un schma BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, incl

9、uding photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Publis

10、hed in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction . v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms 4 5 Requirements . 4 5

11、.1 Frequency range 4 5.2 2,4 GHz spread spectrum air interface attributes 4 5.3 Compliance requirements 5 5.4 Manufacturer tag ID . 5 5.5 Physical layer parameters 5 6 Mandatory air interface protocol specification 7 6.1 General . 7 6.2 Physical layer specification . 9 Annex A (informative) Reader s

12、ynchronization by the RTLS reference tag 17 Bibliography 19 BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) iv ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for w

13、orldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborat

14、e in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are

15、drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an I

16、nternational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent right

17、s. ISO/IEC 24730-22 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. This first edition of ISO/IEC 24730-22, together with ISO/IEC 24730-2 and ISO/IEC 24730-21, cancels and replaces the first ed

18、ition of ISO/IEC 24730-2:2006, which has been technically revised. ISO/IEC 24730 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Real-time locating systems (RTLS): Part 1: Application program interface (API) Part 2: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air i

19、nterface protocol Part 5: Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) at 2,4 GHz air interface Part 21: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with a single spread code and employing a DBPSK data encoding and BPSK spreading scheme Part 22: Direct Sequence Sprea

20、d Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with multiple spread codes and employing a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK) spreading scheme The following parts are under preparation: Part 6: Ultra Wide Band Air Interface protocol Part 61: Low rate pulse rep

21、etition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interface Part 62: High rate pulse repetition frequency Ultra Wide Band (UWB) air interface BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved vIntroduction ISO/IEC 24730 defines a single application program interface (API)

22、for real-time locating systems (RTLs) for use in asset management and is intended to allow for compatibility and to encourage interoperability of products for the growing RTLS market. ISO/IEC 24730 also defines three air interface protocols, as follows: ISO/IEC 24730-2, based on a direct sequence sp

23、read spectrum (DSSS), ISO/IEC 24730-5, based on a chirp spread spectrum (CSS) technique, and ISO/IEC 24730-6 Ultra Wide Band Air Interface protocol. This part of ISO/IEC 24730, the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol, establishes a technical standard for real-time l

24、ocating systems that operate at an internationally available 2,4 GHz frequency band and is intended to provide approximate location with frequent updates (for example, several times a minute). In order to be compliant with this part of ISO/IEC 24730 compliance with ISO/IEC 24730-1 is also required.

25、Real-time locating systems are wireless systems with the ability to locate the position of an item anywhere in a defined space (local/campus, wide area/regional, global) at a point in time that is, or is close to, present time. Position is derived by measurements of the physical properties of the ra

26、dio link. This part of ISO/IEC 24730 specifies the air interface for a system that locates an asset in a controlled area, e.g. warehouse, campus, airport (area of interest is instrumented) with accuracy to 3 m or less. There are two additional methods of locating an object which are really RFID rath

27、er than RTLS: locating an asset by virtue of the fact that the asset has passed point A at a certain time and has not passed point B; locating an asset by virtue of providing a homing beacon whereby a person with a handheld device can find an asset. The method of location is through identification a

28、nd location, generally through multi-lateration. The different types are time of Arrival (ToA) / Time of Flight Ranging Systems, amplitude / Received Signal Strength Triangulation, time Difference of Arrival (TDoA), and angle of Arrival (AoA). This part of ISO/IEC 24730 defines the air interface pro

29、tocol needed for the creation of an RTLS system. Although there are many types of location algorithms that could be used, one example of a location algorithm is provided in Annex A of ISO/IEC 24730-21. This part of ISO/IEC 24730 also defines the physical layer for compliant RTLS transmitters operati

30、ng with multiple spread codes and employing a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK) spreading scheme, and defines the air interface protocol needed for the reader synchronization essential for the location method based on timing information, such as Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA). Alt

31、hough there are many types of reader synchronization methods that could be used, an example of RTLS reader synchronization is provided in Annex A. BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved 1Information technology

32、 Real-time locating systems (RTLS) Part 22: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol: Transmitters operating with multiple spread codes and employing a QPSK data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK (WOQPSK) spreading scheme 1 Scope ISO/IEC 24730-2 is comprised of a main docum

33、ent and two additional parts, ISO/IEC 24730-21 and ISO/IEC 24730-22, and defines a networked location system that provides X-Y coordinates and data telemetry. The system utilizes real-time locating systems (RTLS) transmitters that autonomously generate a direct sequence spread spectrum radio frequen

34、cy beacon. These devices can be field programmable and support an optional exciter mode that allows modification of the rate of location update and location of the RTLS device. ISO/IEC 24730-2 defines these modes, but does not define the means by which they are accomplished. This part of ISO/IEC 247

35、30 is the mode of ISO/IEC 24730-2 transmitters operating with multiple spread codes and employing a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) data encoding and Walsh offset QPSK(WQPSK) spreading scheme. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of thi

36、s document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 24730-1, Information technology Real-time locating systems (RTLS) Part 1: Application program interface (API) ISO/IEC 24

37、730-2, Information technology Real-time locating systems (RTLS) Part 2: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 2,4 GHz air interface protocol ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Part 4: Parameters for air interface communications at 2,45 GH

38、z ISO/IEC 19762-1, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 1: General terms relating to AIDC ISO/IEC 19762-3, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary Part 3: Radio f

39、requency identification (RFID) ISO/IEC 15963, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Unique identification for RF tags BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reservedISO/IEC 8802-11:2005, Information technology Telecommunication

40、s and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications IEEE Std 1451.7 TM -2010, IEEE Standard for A Smart Transducer Interface for Sensors and Actuators Transduce

41、rs to Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Systems Communication Protocols and Transducer Electronic Data Sheet Formats 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762-1, ISO/IEC 19762-3 and the following apply. 3.1 air interface wireless

42、communications protocol and signal structure used to communicate data between RTLS transmitters and other RTLS devices 3.2 host applications customers management information systems 3.3 RTLS infrastructure system components existing between the air interface protocol and the RTLS server API 3.4 real

43、-time locating system set of radio frequency receivers and associated computing equipment used to determine the position of a transmitting device relative to the placement of the aforementioned receivers that is capable of reporting that position within several minutes of the transmission used for d

44、etermining the position of the transmission NOTE Refer to Figure 1 for clarity regarding elements of RTLS infrastructure. BS ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012 ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved 3exciter RTLS reference tags RTLS infrastructure RTLS transmitters RTLS transmitters RTLS serve

45、r optional air interface mandatory air interface application program interface host applicationsFigure 1 Elements of RTLS infrastructure 3.5 RTLS server computing device that aggregates data from the readers and determines location of transmitters 3.6 RTLS transmitter battery powered radio device th

46、at utilizes the protocols specified in ISO/IEC 24730-2 NOTE The term transmitter is used interchangeably with the term tag. 3.7 RTLS reader device that receives signals from an RTLS transmitter or reference tag 3.8 open field path from transmitter to receiver is LOS (Line Of Sight) ANS T1.523-2001 3

47、.9 exciter device that transmits a signal that alters the behaviour of an RTLS transmitter 3.10 upconvert change a baseband signal to a higher frequency signal 3.11 tag blink radio frequency transmission(s) from an RTLS transmitter that may consist of one or multiple duplicate messages BS ISO/IEC 24

48、730-22:2012 ISO/IEC 24730-22:2012(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved3.12 sub-blink message that is transmitted one or multiple times in a “blink“ 3.13 RTLS reference tag always on powered radio device that utilizes the protocols specified in ISO/IEC 24730-2, mainly for the RTLS reader synchroniza

49、tion 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviated terms given in ISO/IEC 19762-1, ISO/IEC 19762-3 and the following apply. AEXB Exciter Blink BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check DBPSK Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum EB Event Blink EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power EXB EXciter Blink FSK Frequency Shift Keying MSB Most Significa