BS ISO IEC 24751-2-2008 Information technology - Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning education and training - 'Access for all' personal needs and p.pdf

1、BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ICS 03.100.30,35.240.99, NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BRITISH STANDARD Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e- learning, education and training Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences

2、 for digital deliveryThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3 ember 2008 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 56061 3 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 National foreword This British Standard is

3、the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/43, Information technology for learning, education and training. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This pub

4、lication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. 1 DecBS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008Reference number ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008INTER

5、NATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24751-2 First edition 2008-10-01 Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery Technologies de linformation Adaptabilit et accessibilit

6、individualises en e-apprentissage, en ducation et en formation Partie 2: Besoins personnels en matire daccs pour tous et prfrences de prestation numrique BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing p

7、olicy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Centr

8、al Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been take

9、n to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of th

10、is publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-12

11、11 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword. v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative referen

12、ces . 1 2.1 ISO/IEC. 1 2.2 Referenced specifications . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 5 5 Basic Principles 5 5.1 Functional Approach 6 5.2 Creating a Personal Needs and Preferences Statement. 6 5.3 Display, Control and Content 6 5.4 Multiple Contexts 6 5.5 Needs and Prefe

13、rences 6 5.6 Generic versus Application Specific 7 6 Information Model. 7 6.1 General. 7 6.2 Display . 8 6.3 Control . 10 6.4 Content 17 7 Attribute Descriptions and Recommended Use 17 7.1 Access for All user preference set 17 8 Conformance. 49 Annex A (normative) Consolidated List of Terms and Defi

14、nitions with Cultural Adaptability: ISO French Language Equivalency. 50 A.1 Introduction . 50 A.2 ISO English and ISO French 50 A.3 Cultural adaptability and quality control 50 A.4 List of Terms in French Alphabetical Order. 51 A.5 Organization of Annex A.6 “Consolidated matrix of terms and definiti

15、ons ISO French equivalents” 53 A.6 Consolidated Matrix of ISO/IEC 24751-2 Terms and Definitions in ISO French. 54 Annex B (normative) Vocabulary Codes 58 B.1 Access Mode Vocabulary Codes 58 B.2 Adaptation Type Vocabulary Codes . 59 B.3 Alphanumeric Layout Vocabulary Codes 60 B.4 Auto Scan Repeat Voc

16、abulary Codes.61 B.5 Braille Dot Number Vocabulary Codes.61 B.6 Braille Grade Vocabulary Codes. 62 B.7 Braille Mark Vocabulary Codes . 62 B.8 Braille Status Cell Vocabulary Codes. 64 B.9 Code Termination Signal Vocabulary Codes. 64 B.10 Code Vocabulary Codes 65 B.11 Components Shown Vocabulary Codes

17、 65 B.12 Content Density Vocabulary Codes 66 B.13 Control Flexibility Vocabulary Codes. 66 B.14 Controller Window Vocabulary Codes . 67 B.15 Generic Font Face Vocabulary Codes67 BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) iv ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedB.16 Handedness Vocabulary Codes 68 B.

18、17 Hazard Vocabulary Codes 69 B.18 Link Indication Vocabulary Codes 70 B.19 Mouse Emulation Device Vocabulary Codes . 71 B.20 Navigation Strategy Vocabulary Codes71 B.21 Prediction Type Vocabulary Codes. 72 B.22 Reading Unit Vocabulary Codes . 72 B.23 Representation Form Vocabulary Codes . 73 B.24 S

19、election Method Vocabulary Codes 75 B.25 Speech Component Vocabulary Codes 76 B.26 Support Tool Vocabulary Codes . 76 B.27 Switch Function Vocabulary Codes 78 B.28 Switch Port Vocabulary Codes 78 B.29 System Sounds Vocabulary Codes. 79 B.30 Tracking Vocabulary Codes. 80 B.31 Usage Vocabulary Codes.

20、81 B.32 Vocabulary Vocabulary Codes 82 B.33 Window Layout Vocabulary Codes . 82 Annex C (informative) Recommended Default Values 83 Annex D (informative) Bindings and Implementations. 85 Annex E (informative) Scenarios. 86 E.1 Administration Scenario. 86 E.2 Department of Labor Scenario. 87 E.3 NETg

21、 Scenario: Player Preferences 88 E.4 PEARL Scenario 88 E.5 PIVoT Scenario 89 E.6 Web-4-All Scenario . 90 Annex F (informative) Implementation Example . 92 Annex G (informative) List of contributors 94 Bibliography . 95 BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved

22、v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through tech

23、nical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take pa

24、rt in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare Inte

25、rnational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some

26、 of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 24751-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 36, Information technology

27、for learning, education, and training. ISO/IEC 24751 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Individualized adaptability and accessibility in e-learning, education and training: Part 1: Framework and reference model Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and

28、preferences for digital delivery Part 3: “Access for all” digital resource description Future parts will address non-digital resource description, personal needs and preferences for non-digital resources, personal needs and preferences for description of events and places, digital description of eve

29、nts and places, and language accessibility and human interface equivalencies (HIEs) in e-learning applications. BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 1 Information technology Individualized adaptability and acce

30、ssibility in e-learning, education and training Part 2: “Access for all” personal needs and preferences for digital delivery 1 Scope This part of ISO/IEC 24751 provides a common information model for describing the learner or user needs and preferences when accessing digitally delivered resources or

31、 services. This description is one side of a pair of descriptions used in matching user needs and preferences with digital delivery (as described in ISO/IEC 24751-1). This model divides the personal needs and preferences of the learner or user into three categories: a. Display: how resources are to

32、be presented and structured; b. Control: how resources are to be controlled and operated; and, c. Content: what supplementary or alternative resources are to be supplied. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 is intended to meet the needs of learners with disabilities (as defined in ISO/IEC 24751-1) and of any

33、one in a disabling context. The purpose of this part of ISO/IEC 24751 is to provide a machine-readable method of stating user needs and preferences with respect to digitally based education or learning. This part of ISO/IEC 24751 can be used independently, for example to deliver the required or desi

34、red user interface to the learner/user, or in combination with ISO/IEC 24751-3 to deliver digital resources that meet a users needs and preferences. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the editio

35、n cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 2.1 ISO/IEC ISO 639-2:1998 (E/F), Codes for the representation of names of languages Part 2: Alpha-3 code/Codes pour la reprsentation des noms de langue Partie 2: Code alpha-3 2

36、2 Referenced specifications IETF RFC 3986 Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax RFC 3986, http:/www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms a

37、nd definitions apply. 3.01 access for all AfA approach to providing accessibility in a computer-mediated environment in which the digital resources and their method of delivery are matched to the needs and preferences of the user IMS AccessForAll Meta-data Specification Version 1 1)3.02 accessibilit

38、y usability of a product, service, environment or facility by individuals with the widest range of capabilities NOTE 1 Although “accessibility” typically addresses users who have a disability, the concept is not limited to disability issues. NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO/TS 16071:2003 (3.2). 2)3.03 access

39、 mode human sense perceptual system or cognitive faculty through which a user may process or perceive the content of a digital resource ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.3) 3.04 adaptation e-learning digital resource that presents the intellectual content of all or part of another digital resource NOTE Adapta

40、tions can also include the adjustment of the presentation, control methods, access mode, structure and user supports. ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.5) 3.05 AfA context particular situation or environment in which a set of AfA accessibility needs and preferences might be used 3.06 AfA contextual descriptio

41、n name or description of a context in which a set of AfA accessibility needs and preferences might be used EXAMPLE A label for a particular location such as home, work or school, or a particular time of day such as evening. NOTE See 5.4 for more information. 3.07 AfA hazard characteristic of a digit

42、al resource that can be specified as being dangerous to a user EXAMPLE Flashing animations can trigger seizures in people with photosensitive epilepsy. NOTE See the coded domain in B.17. 1) The source for this adapted IMS definition is now ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.1). 2) The source for this adapted I

43、SO/TS 16071:2003 definition is now ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.2). BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved 3 3.08 AfA preference specific preference of an individual who requires AfA accessibility NOTE See 5.5. 3.09 AfA preference set defined combination of two o

44、r more AfA preferences 3.10 application parameter set of application specific values for a particular assistive technology 3.11 application specific configuration of an assistive technology that involves application parameters unique to a particular assistive technology product NOTE See 5.6 for more

45、 information. 3.12 assistive technology alternative access system specialized software and/or hardware used in place of or in addition to commonly used software or hardware for control, display or processing EXAMPLES Screen reader, alternative keyboard, refreshable Braille device, screen magnifier.

46、ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.8) 3.13 digital resource DR any type of resource that can be transmitted over and/or accessed via an information technology system NOTE A digital resource can be referenced via an unambiguous and stable identifier in a recognized identification system (e.g. ISBN, ISAN, UPC/EA

47、N, URI). ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.11) 3.14 disability digital resource delivery any obstacle to the use of a digital resource experienced because of a mismatch between the needs of a user and the digital resource delivered NOTE 1 Disability in an AfA context is not a personal trait but a consequence

48、of the relationship between the user and their resource system. NOTE 2 In an e-learning context, disability refers to a mismatch between the needs of a learner and both the educational resource and/or the method of delivery. ISO/IEC 24751-1:2008 (2.13) 3.15 disability medical perspective any restric

49、tion or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being BS ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008 ISO/IEC 24751-2:2008(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedNOTE 1 This definition of “disability” is included to ensure that users who may have “legal rights” to assistive technologies are served. NOTE 2 Adapted from World Health Organization Document A29/INFDOCI/1, Geneva, Switzerland, 1976. 3)3.16 display render