1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO/IEC 25000:2014 Systems and software engineering Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Guide to SQuaREBS ISO/IEC 25000:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO/IEC 25000:2014. It supersed
2、es BS ISO/IEC 25000:2005 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IST/15, Software and systems engineering. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to
3、include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 84119 4 ICS 35.080 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. T
4、his British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2014. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO/IEC 25000:2014 Systems and software engineering Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Guide
5、 to SQuaRE Ingnierie des systmes et du logiciel Exigences de qualit des systmes et du logiciel et valuation (SQuaRE) Guide de SQuaRE ISO/IEC 2014 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 25000 Second edition 2014-03-15 Reference number ISO/IEC 25000:2014(E)BS ISO/IEC 25000:2014ISO/IEC 25000:2014(E)ii ISO/IEC
6、2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intr
7、anet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Pu
8、blished in SwitzerlandBS ISO/IEC 25000:2014ISO/IEC 25000:2014(E) ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Conformance . 1 3 Normative references 1 4 T erms and definitions . 1 5 SQuaRE: Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation - the
9、series of standards on product quality requirements and evaluation .7 5.1 Organisation of SQuaRE series of standards . 7 5.2 SQuaRE: overview of documents within series 8 5.3 SQuaRE common models 10 Annex A (informative) Relationship between SQuaRE series and other ISO Standards 14 Annex B (informat
10、ive) History and transition process between ISO/IEC 9126, ISO/IEC 14598 and ISO/IEC 25000 SQuaRE series of standards 19 Annex C (informative) Examples of the application of ISO/IEC 25000 SQuaRE series of standards 21 Annex D (informative) Background and needs for SQuaRE series .24 Bibliography .26BS
11、 ISO/IEC 25000:2014ISO/IEC 25000:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development
12、of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
13、 liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint
14、 technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attentio
15、n is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 25000 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcom
16、mittee SC 7, Software and systems engineering. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 25000:2005), of which it constitutes a minor revision. The SQuaRE series of standards consists of the following divisions under the general title Systems and Software Quality Requiremen
17、ts and Evaluation (SQuaRE): ISO/IEC 2500n, Quality Management Division, ISO/IEC 2501n, Quality Model Division, ISO/IEC 2502n, Quality Measurement Division, ISO/IEC 2503n, Quality Requirements Division, and ISO/IEC 2504n, Quality Evaluation Division. ISO/IEC 25050 to ISO/IEC 25099 are reserved to be
18、used for SQuaRE extension International Standards and/or Technical Reports.iv ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 25000:2014ISO/IEC 25000:2014(E) Introduction Computers are being used in an increasingly wide variety of application areas, and their intended and correct operation is often criti
19、cal for business success and/or human safety. Developing or selecting high quality systems and products is therefore of prime importance. Comprehensive specification and evaluation of systems and software product quality is a key factor in ensuring adequate quality. This can be achieved by defining
20、appropriate quality characteristics, while taking account of the intended use of the systems and software product. It is important that every relevant system and software product quality characteristic is specified and evaluated, whenever possible using validated or widely accepted measures. As qual
21、ity characteristics and associated measures can be useful not only for evaluating a systems and software product but also for defining quality requirements, the predecessor of SQuaRE, ISO/IEC 9126:1991 has been replaced by two related multipart International Standards: ISO/IEC 9126 (Software product
22、 quality) and ISO/IEC 14598 (Software product evaluation). The following points derived from practical use of both series gave the logical impulse for creating the new SQuaRE series of International Standards: Both ISO/IEC 9126 and ISO/IEC 14598 have common normative, referential and functional root
23、s. ISO/IEC 9126 and ISO/IEC 14598 form a complementary set of standards. The independent life cycles of both series have created inconsistencies between them. The general goal of creating the SQuaRE set of International Standards was to move to a logically organized, enriched and unified series cove
24、ring two main processes: software quality requirements specification and systems and software quality evaluation, supported by a systems and software quality measurement process. The purpose of the SQuaRE set of International Standards is to assist those developing and acquiring systems and software
25、 products with the specification and evaluation of quality requirements. It establishes criteria for the specification of systems and software product quality requirements, their measurement, and evaluation. It includes a two-part quality model for aligning customer definitions of quality with attri
26、butes of the development process. In addition, the series provides recommended measures of systems and software product quality attributes that can be used by developers, acquirers, and evaluators. It has to be stressed that the SQuaRE series of International Standards is dedicated to systems and so
27、ftware product quality only. SQuaRE ISO/IEC 2500n Quality Management Division addresses systems and software product quality requirements specification, measurement and evaluation, and is separate and distinct from the “Quality Management” of processes, which is defined in the ISO 9000 family of sta
28、ndards. The major benefits of the SQuaRE series over its predecessor standards include: the coordination of guidance on systems and software product quality measurement and evaluation, guidance for the specification of systems and software product quality requirements, and harmonization with ISO/IEC
29、 15939 in the form of Software product Quality Measurement Reference Model presented in ISO/IEC 25020, Software engineering Software product Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Measurement reference model and guide. The major differences between ISO/IEC 9126, ISO/IEC 14598 and SQuaRE series
30、 of International Standards are: the introduction of the new general reference model, the introduction of dedicated, detailed guides for each division, the introduction of systems product quality, the introduction of a data quality model, ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO/IEC 25000:2014ISO/IE
31、C 25000:2014(E) the introduction of Quality Measure Elements within Quality Measurement Division, the introduction of the Quality Requirements Division, incorporation and revision of the evaluation processes, the introduction of guidance of practical use in form of examples, coordination and harmoni
32、zation of the content with ISO/IEC 15939. SQuaRE consists of the following five divisions: ISO/IEC 2500n - Quality Management Division, ISO/IEC 2501n - Quality Model Division, ISO/IEC 2502n - Quality Measurement Division, ISO/IEC 2503n - Quality Requirements Division, ISO/IEC 2504n - Quality Evaluat
33、ion Division, and ISO/IEC 25050 to ISO/IEC 25099 - Extension division SQuaRE provides: Terms and definitions, Reference models, General guide, Individual division guides, and International Standards for requirements specification, planning and management, measurement and evaluation purposes. SQuaRE
34、includes International Standards on quality model and measures, as well as on quality requirements and evaluation. SQuaRE replaces the ISO/IEC 9126 series and the ISO/IEC 14598 series. This part of SQuaRE series of standards is an International Standard with the goal of providing a common set of ref
35、erence models, terminology, definitions and guidance for practical use of the associated standards and technical reports.vi ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO/IEC 25000:2014INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO/IEC 25000:2014(E) Systems and software engineering Systems and software Quality Requirements an
36、d Evaluation (SQuaRE) Guide to SQuaRE 1 Scope This International Standard provides guidance for the use of the new series of International Standards named Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE). The purpose of this Guide is to provide a general overview of SQuaRE contents,
37、 common reference models and definitions, as well as the relationship among the documents, allowing users of the Guide a good understanding of those series of standards, according to their purpose of use. This International Standard also contains an explanation of the transition process between the
38、old ISO/IEC 9126 and the ISO/IEC 14598 series and SQuaRE. The SQuaRE series of International Standards is intended for, but not limited to, developers, acquirers and independent evaluators of systems and software products, particularly those responsible for defining systems and software quality requ
39、irements and for systems and software product evaluation. It is recommended that users of SQuaRE as well as ISO/IEC 14598 and ISO/IEC 9126 series of standards also use this International Standard as a guide to execute their tasks. 2 Conformance There is no particular conformance clause for this docu
40、ment. Users, for their intended use of SQuaRE series of Standards should follow individual conformance clauses stated in each document of the series. 3 Normative references This International Standard does not require any normative references. All informative references are presented in the Bibliogr
41、aphy. 4 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following definitions apply. NOTE The definitions are common to all parts of SQuaRE series of International Standards. 4.1 attribute inherent property or characteristic of an entity that can be distinguished quantitatively or qu
42、alitatively by human or automated means Note 1 to entry: Based on ISO/IEC 15939:2007. Note 2 to entry: ISO 9000 distinguishes two types of attributes: a permanent characteristic existing inherently in something; and an assigned characteristic of a product, process or system (e.g. the price of a prod
43、uct, the owner of a product). The assigned characteristic is not an inherent quality characteristic of that product, process or system. ISO/IEC 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO/IEC 25000:2014ISO/IEC 25000:2014(E) 4.2 context of use users, tasks, equipment (hardware, software and materials), and the
44、physical and social environments in which a product is used SOURCE: ISO 9241-11:1998 4.3 custom software software product developed for a specific application from a user requirements specification 4.4 data reinterpretable representation of information in a formalized manner suitable for communicati
45、on, interpretation or processing SOURCE: ISO/IEC 25012:2008 4.5 data quality degree to which the characteristics of data satisfy stated and implied needs when used under specified conditions 4.6 developer individual or organisation that performs development activities (including requirements analysi
46、s, design, testing through acceptance) during the system or software life cycle process SOURCE: ISO/IEC 12207:2008, modified 4.7 end user individual person who ultimately benefits from the outcomes of the system or software Note 1 to entry: The end user may be a regular operator of the system or sof
47、tware product or a casual user such as a member of the public. 4.8 evaluation method procedure describing actions to be performed by the evaluator in order to obtain results for the specified measurement applied to the specified product components or on the product as a whole 4.9 evaluation module p
48、ackage of evaluation technology for measuring systems and software quality characteristics, subcharacteristics or attributes Note 1 to entry: The package includes evaluation methods and techniques, inputs to be evaluated, data to be measured and collected and supporting procedures and tools. 4.10 ev
49、aluator individual or organisation that performs an evaluation 4.11 external measure of system or software quality measure of the degree to which a system or software product enables its behaviour to satisfy stated and implied needs for the system including the software to be used under specified conditions Note 1 to entry: Attributes of the behaviour can be verified and/or validated by executing the system or software product during testing and operation.2 ISO/IEC 2
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