BS PD CEN TR 1030-2-2016 Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Management measures at the workplace《手柄振动 振动危害降低指南 工作场所的管理测量》.pdf

1、BSI Standards Publication PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Part 2: Management measures at the workplacePD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 1030-2:2016. It supersedes P

2、D 6585-2:1996 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GME/21/6, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring - Human exposure to mechanical vibration and shock. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on r

3、equest to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 90219 2 ICS 13.160 ; 17.160 Compliance w

4、ith a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2016. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

5、 TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 1030-2 May 2016 ICS 13.160 Supersedes CR 1030-2:1995 English Version Hand-arm vibration - Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction - Part 2: Management measures at the workplace Vibrations main-bras - Guide pour la rduction des risques de vibrations - Mesures de prventi

6、on sur le lieu de travail Hand-Arm-Schwingungen - Leitfaden zur Verringerung der Gefhrdung durch Schwingungen - Teil 2: Organisatorische Manahmen am Arbeitsplatz This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 8 February 2016. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 231.CEN members are t

7、he national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Roman

8、ia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by

9、any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 EPD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword 5 Introduction 6 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Identification of main sources of hand-arm vibration at

10、 work 9 5 Vibration reduction by task, product and process re-design . 16 5.1 General 16 5.2 Vibration reduction by work task re-design . 17 5.3 Vibration reduction measures by product re-design 17 5.4 Vibration reduction by process re-design . 17 6 How to select low-vibration machinery, anti-vibrat

11、ion systems and auxiliary equipment . 18 6.1 Selection of low-vibration machinery . 18 6.1.1 General 18 6.1.2 Questions that potential buyers should ask 19 6.1.3 Declared vibration values 20 6.2 Selection of anti-vibration systems and auxiliary equipment 20 6.2.1 Minimizing or avoiding vibration fro

12、m hand-fed machines . 20 6.2.2 Anti-vibration handles 21 6.2.3 Auxiliary equipment for the reduction of vibration exposure . 21 6.2.4 Use of resilient materials . 21 6.2.5 Reduction of forces exerted by operators 21 6.2.6 Personal protection . 22 7 Management measures for the control of hand-arm vib

13、ration exposure 23 7.1 Vibration reduction strategy 23 7.1.1 General 23 7.1.2 Vibration source analysis 24 7.1.3 Overview of the most important steps in the management process 24 7.2 Quality control of manufacturing processes . 25 7.3 Maintenance of tools and equipment 25 7.4 Training and informatio

14、n for workers . 25 7.5 Consultation and participation of workers . 27 7.6 Reducing the period of exposure 27 8 Health surveillance 28 Annex A (informative) Most common machines and processes which expose people to hand-arm vibration: Groups and list of hand-guided machinery 30 A.1 Tools by industry

15、30 A.2 Tools by function . 30 Annex B (informative) An example checklist of protective measures against vibration 34 PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 3 Annex C (informative) Vibration reduction measures by modifying the design of the product Practical examples . 39 C.1 General . 39 C.2 M

16、etal working 39 C.3 Construction . 39 Annex D (informative) Practical examples of vibration reduction measures by changing the process used to manufacture a product . 40 D.1 Design specification . 40 D.2 Improving productivity 40 D.3 Examples at roadway maintenance, demolition of concrete structures

17、, pipelines 41 D.4 Examples at foundries, e.g. fettling castings, polishing, automation, auxiliary equipment . 41 D.5 Equipment primarily used in construction . 42 Annex E (informative) Vibration reduction by selection of machinery or equipment . 43 E.1 Information to be provided by manufacturers 43

18、 E.2 Declaration of vibration emissions and test-codes 43 E.3 Using manufacturers emission values 43 E.4 Example data measured at workplaces 44 E.5 Examples 44 Annex F (informative) Getting information from manufacturers and suppliers Important questions that potential buyers should ask potential su

19、ppliers with regard to hand- arm vibration . 45 F.1 General information 45 F.2 Important questions to consider in the buying process . 47 Annex G (informative) Practical maintenance measures that should be taken to reduce vibration exposure . 49 G.1 General . 49 G.2 Machines/power tools 49 G.3 Tool

20、consumables . 49 Annex H (informative) Reliable definition of action and exposure limit values Consideration of the precision of definition . 50 Annex I (informative) Additional information about tool characteristics and work tasks for the tools listed in Figure 2 . 52 Bibliography . 56 PD CEN/TR 10

21、30-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 4 Figures Figure 1 Minimization of risks from exposure to hand-arm vibration 7 Figure 2 Examples of vibration magnitudes for common tools, given as total acceleration values a hv measured along the 3 axes under real conditions (2005 to 2014) 12 Figure 3 Good practice

22、 to use different information sources including aspects of uncertainty 15 Figure F.1 Examples of vibration emission declarations 46 Tables Table A.1 List of tools by function 31 Table B.1 General guidance for employers on the selection of protective measures . 34 Table F.1 Questions in the buying pr

23、ocess of machines 47 Table H.1 Source and quality of acquired data on vibration emission or vibration exposure . 51 Table H.2 Determining the extended uncertainty K for estimation based upon the emission and exposure values in the absence of other data . 51 Table I.1 Tools used in construction work

24、. 52 Table I.2 Tools used in landscaping and gardening 53 Table I.3 Tools used in wood working 54 Table I.4 Tools used in metal working . 54 PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 5 European foreword This document (CEN/TR 1030-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechan

25、ical vibration and shock”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CR 1030-

26、2:1995. The present series CR 1030 / CEN/TR 1030 is composed with the following parts: CR 1030-1, Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Part 1: Engineering methods by design of machinery; CEN/TR 1030-2, Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Part 2: Man

27、agement measures at the workplace. PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 6 Introduction The habitual and prolonged use of machinery which transmits vibration to the hand can cause disorders of the upper limbs. European legislation especially the Physical Agents Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibration

28、s at work) requires that employers assess and take measures to prevent or reduce workplace risks to the health and safety of their employees. The basic strategy to be adopted is defined in the European legislation including the Directive 2002/44/EC and described in the “Non-binding guide to good pra

29、ctice for implementing Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at work)”, Part I “Guide to good practice on hand-arm vibration”, which is addressed to the European Member States. It covers the following areas of measures: a) assessment of risks; b) identification of necessary preventative and/or protective

30、 measures; c) organization for the effective implementation of preventative and protective measures; d) implementation of an adequate programme of measures to prevent or reduce risks. This revised Technical Report CEN/TR 1030-2 (first edition was published as CR 1030-2 in 1995) primarily provides ad

31、ditional information and examples to the European “Guide to good practice on hand-arm vibration” (Part I of the Non-binding guide to good practice for implementing Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at work). This Technical Report CEN/TR 1030-2 provides additional information for Member States health

32、and safety authorities or labour authorities as well as managers, health and safety officers, engineers, planning and purchasing staff and others on further aspects of vibration effect reduction and control, which supports the practical implementation of the requirements of the Physical Agents Direc

33、tive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at work). Effective protection against vibration generally requires a combination of measures which can be categorized as technical measures and management measures; see Figure 1. PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 7 Figure 1 Minimization of risks from exposure

34、to hand-arm vibration PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 8 1 Scope This Technical Report outlines practicable measures for the reduction and control of health hazards associated with exposure to hand-arm vibration at work. It supplements the European “Guide to good practice on hand-arm vib

35、ration” and provides a practical professional aid for Member States health and safety authorities or labour authorities who write national guidance for managers, health and safety officers, engineers, planning and purchasing staff and others. This Technical Report covers the following principal aspe

36、cts: a) identification of main sources of hand-arm vibration at work; b) vibration reduction by re-considering task, product, process and design; c) how to select low-vibration machinery, including vibration reducing features, auxiliary equipment for control of vibration; d) other issues, e.g. perso

37、nal protection and its limitation; e) management measures for the control of hand-arm vibration exposure; f) health surveillance. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only

38、 the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. CR 1030-1, Hand-arm vibration Guidelines for vibration hazards reduction Part 1: Engineering methods by design of machinery EN 12096, Mechanical vibration - Declarati

39、on and verification of vibration emission values CEN/TR 15350:2013, Mechanical vibration - Guideline for the assessment of exposure to hand- transmitted vibration using available information including that provided by manufacturers of machinery EN ISO 5349-1:2001, Mechanical vibration - Measurement

40、and evaluation of human exposure to hand- transmitted vibration - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 5349-1:2001) EN ISO 5349-2, Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand- transmitted vibration - Part 2: Practical guidance for measurement at the workplace (ISO 5349-2

41、) ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring Vocabulary ISO 5805, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 5349-2, ISO 2041 and ISO 5805 apply. PD CEN/TR 1030-2:201

42、6 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 9 4 Identification of main sources of hand-arm vibration at work A starting point is to consider the work being carried out, the processes involved and the tools and equipment used. Use of hand-held, hand-guided or hand-fed powered equipment should be managed. The risk asses

43、sment should: a) identify where there can be a risk from hand-arm vibration; b) estimate workers exposures using information on tool vibration and information gathered on patterns and durations of tool use and compare them with the exposure action value and exposure limit value as specified in the P

44、hysical Agents Directive 2002/44/EC (Vibrations at work); c) identify the available risk controls; d) identify people who can be at particular risk, e.g. young or pregnant workers, those who have had surgery on hands and arms or have known disorders similar to those that can be caused by vibration;

45、e) if it is likely to help plan and implement controls, make a more detailed assessment of exposure, e.g. including measurement; f) identify the steps to control and monitor hand-arm vibration risks; g) record the assessment, the steps that have been taken and their effectiveness; h) be revised peri

46、odically, e.g. if there are changes in the work equipment or if workers report signs or symptoms that can be attributed to vibration injury. Figure 2 shows sample ranges of vibration magnitudes of some of the most common tools and machines that create the risks. Annex A lists more examples of tools

47、for which the management of vibration exposure is needed. The values listed in Figure 2 are values from real-world/field measurements at working places with tool applications/conditions at companies according to EN ISO 5349-2 (the values of Figure 2 are not manufacturer data or manufacturer-declared

48、 values). Annex I provides additional information about tool characteristics and work tasks for the tools, listed in Figure 2. PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 10 Key X a hvin m/s 21 concrete breaker E and P (39) 2 impact drill E (10) - percussive mode 3 core drill E (28) 4 trench rammer

49、 C (12) 5 plate compactor C (31) 6 cut-off saw C (19) 7 angle grinder E (12) 8 perforator SDS plus E (32) 9 perforator SDS max E (40) a 10th percentile b 75th percentile c 90th percentile a) Machinery used in construction PD CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 CEN/TR 1030-2:2016 (E) 11 Key X a hvin m/s 21 mower C (18) 2 brush cutter with disc C (12) 3 brush cutter with strimmer C (21) 4 chain saw C (17) 5 pole pruner B (11) 6 pole pruner P (22) 7 leaf blower C (12) 8 hedge cutter C (23) a 10th percentile b 75th percentile c 90th perce