BS PD CEN TS 13286-54-2014 Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Test method for the determination of frost susceptibility Resistance to freezing and thawing of hydraul.pdf

1、BSI Standards Publication PD CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 54: Test method for the determination of frost susceptibility Resistance to freezing and thawing of hydraulically bound mixturesPD CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 PUBLISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published

2、Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TS 13286-54:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/510/4, Cementitious bound materials, unbound granular materials, waste materials and marginal materials. A list of organizations represented on this committee can

3、 be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 85552 8 ICS 93.080.20 C

4、ompliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedPD CEN/TS 13286-54:2014TECHNICAL SPECIF

5、ICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 13286-54 October 2014 ICS 93.080.20 English Version Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 54: Test method for the determination of frost susceptibility - Resistance to freezing and thawing of hydraulically bound mixtures Mlange

6、s traits et mlanges non traits aux liants hydrauliques - Partie 54: Mthode dessai pour la dtermination de la sensibilit au gel - Rsistance au gel et au dgel des mlanges traits aux liants hydrauliques Ungebundene und hydraulisch gebundene Gemische - Teil 54: Prfverfahren zur Bestimmung der Frostempfi

7、ndlichkeit - Frost-Tau-Wechselbestndigkeit von hydraulisch gebundenen Gemischen This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 14 July 2014 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be

8、 requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate

9、 form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republi

10、c, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN CO

11、MMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 EPD C

12、EN/TS 13286-54:2014 CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Principle 7 5 Apparatus .7 6 Test specimens 8 6.1 Preparation .8 6.2 Initial (first stage) curing of test specimens .9 6.3 Removal from moulds at th

13、e end of first stage curing 9 7 Test procedure 10 7.1 Second stage curing 10 7.2 Set A Exposure to freezing after 2 days of second stage curing 10 7.3 Set A final thawing and conditioning for 24 h prior to strength testing . 11 7.4 Strength testing after final thawing and conditioning 11 8 Calculati

14、on . 12 9 Test report . 12 Annex A (normative) Change in height 13 Annex B (normative) Freeze thaw in the presence of salt 15 Bibliography . 16 PD CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 13286-54:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road m

15、aterials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This Technical Specification is on

16、e of a series of standards as listed below: EN 13286-1, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 1: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content Introduction, general requirements and sampling EN 13286-2, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 2: Test methods for the d

17、etermination of laboratory reference density and water content Proctor compaction EN 13286-3, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 3: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content Vibrocompression with controlled parameters EN 13286-4, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtu

18、res Part 4: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content Vibrating hammer EN 13286-5, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 5: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content Vibrating table EN 13286-7, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 7: Cycli

19、c load triaxial test for unbound mixtures EN 13286-40, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 40: Test method for the determination of the direct tensile strength of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-41, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 41: Test method for the determination o

20、f the compressive strength of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-42, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 42: Test method for the determination of the indirect tensile strength of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-43, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 43: Test method for

21、the determination of the modulus of elasticity of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-44, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 44: Test method for the determination of the alpha coefficient of vitrified blast furnace slag EN 13286-45, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 45: Test

22、 method for the determination of the workability period of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-46, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 46: Test method for the determination of the moisture condition value EN 13286-47, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 47: Test method for the

23、determination of the California bearing ratio, immediate bearing index and linear swelling EN 13286-48, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 48: Test method for the determination of the degree of pulverization PD CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 (E) 4 EN 13286-49, Unbound and hydra

24、ulically bound mixtures Part 49: Accelerated swelling test of soil treated by lime and/or hydraulic binders EN 13286-50, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 50: Methods for making test specimens using proctor equipment or vibrating table compaction EN 13286-51, Unbound and hydraulically bo

25、und mixtures Part 51: Methods for making test specimens by vibrating hammer compaction EN 13286-52, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Methods for making test specimens Part 52: Making specimens by vibro-compression EN 13286-53, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Methods for making test

26、specimens Part 53: Making cylindrical specimens by axial compression According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Den

27、mark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN/TS 132

28、86-54:2014 CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 (E) 5 Introduction At present, this test method is not proposed as an European Standard (EN) but issued instead as a Technical Specification (TS). It will remain a TS until more data and experience is forthcoming regarding the most appropriate conditioning of specimen

29、s immediately prior to freeze-thaw cycling. Reference to the test method reveals that three methods of conditioning are described/permitted for the two day stage between first stage curing (to permit adequate strength development) and the freeze-thaw testing stage. This second stage conditioning can

30、 be either complete submersion in a water bath, storage in a humidity cabinet, or continuation of the first stage curing. Typically the latter consists of curing to prevent loss of moisture. As is stated in the test method, it is probable that water bath curing of the test specimens is more robust t

31、han humidity cabinet curing which in turn may be more robust than the initial first stage curing. The choice of method is deliberately left for determination at the place of use and will depend on the type and nature of the hydraulically bound mixture or hydraulically treated soil, the particular ap

32、plication and the known/expected climatic conditions. Users of the test method are invited/encouraged to trial the different methods of second stage curing and to provide feedback. Then and only then will consideration be given to specifying a preferred/necessary method of second stage curing and th

33、en to the issuing of the TS as a EN. PD CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This Technical Specification specifies a test method for the determination of the resistance of a hydraulically bound mixture to the cyclic action of freezing and thawing. The method described is suitable

34、 for hydraulically bound mixtures, including hydraulically stabilised soils, in accordance with EN 14227-1 to EN 14227-5 and the range of strengths covered by that standard. When required, a method for determining the change in height of a hydraulically bound subject to freeze thaw is specified in A

35、nnex A (normative). When required, a method for determining the freeze thaw resistance of a hydraulically bound mixture in the presence of salt is specified in Annex B (normative). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and ar

36、e indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 5: Common equipment and calibration EN 1367

37、-1, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of resistance to freezing and thawing EN 1367-4, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates - Part 4: Determination of drying shrinkage EN 1367-6, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggre

38、gates - Part 6: Determination of resistance to freezing and thawing in the presence of salt (NaCl) EN 14227 (all parts), Hydraulically bound mixtures Specifications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 test specimen sample used in

39、a single determination when a test method requires more than one determination of a property 3.2 laboratory sample reduced sample derived from a bulk sample for laboratory testing 3.3 hydraulically bound mixture mixture that sets and hardens by hydraulic reaction PD CEN/TS 13286-54:2014 CEN/TS 13286

40、-54:2014 (E) 7 4 Principle Two sets of three test specimens are prepared from a hydraulically bound mixture. The moulds containing the mixture are then placed in initial (first stage) curing conditions specified by the nature of the hydraulic constituents and in accordance with national regulation o

41、r decision at the place of use. On completion of the first stage curing, the two sets of test specimens (sets A and B) are removed from their moulds and placed in a water bath or humidity cabinet or returned to the initial curing conditions, for two days further curing (second stage). NOTE 1 Water b

42、ath curing is more robust/onerous than humidity cabinet curing which in turn may be more robust/onerous than the initial curing condition employed. The selection therefore of the type of second stage curing depends on the type and nature of the hydraulically bound mixture or hydraulically stabilised

43、 soil in question, the particular application for the HBM and the climatic conditions. On completion of second stage curing, one set of three test specimens (Set A) is removed from the second stage curing, surface dried and tightly wrapped in plastic (cling) film. The second “control“ set of three t

44、est specimens (Set B) remains in the second stage curing conditions. Set A specimens are then placed in a prepared freeze thaw cabinet and subjected to ten freeze-thaw cycles, each cycle lasting 24 h. After completion of the tenth freeze thaw cycle, the Set A specimens are unwrapped and returned to

45、the second stage curing regime for one day at 20 C to ensure complete thawing. The strength of both sets of three test specimens is then measured and the mean value of strength for each set compared. NOTE 2 An additional set of three test specimens (Set C) can be used to give additional information

46、about the strength of the mixture after second stage curing. The use of Set C allows the gain in strength of the control set (Set B) between the end of second stage curing and the time of strength testing of Set B to be evaluated. NOTE 3 When required, the steel hemispherical buttons used to measure

47、 the length of the test specimen (Annex A) are also fitted into the inserts at the end of second stage curing. 5 Apparatus 5.1 All apparatus, unless otherwise stated, shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5. 5.2 Cylindrical moulds, for test specimen preparation, as specified in the rel

48、evant test specimen preparation Standard (see Clause 6). Six moulds are required. NOTE The use of moulds that are capable of being split along the longitudinal axis may be used to allow removal of the test specimen with the minimum of damage. 5.3 Watertight plastic bags (or plastic film), for initia

49、l curing. 5.4 Initial curing area(s), capable of temperature controlled curing at the specified temperature and moisture condition. A humidity cabinet, capable of control at the specified temperature and 90 % to 100 % relative humidity, is a permitted option. 5.5 Water bath, controlled at (20 2) C, one of the permitted options for second stage curing. A humidity cabinet controlled at (20 2) C and 90 % to 100 % RH is a permitted alternative for second stage curing (as 5.4 above). PD CEN/TS 13286-54:2