BS PD CLC TR 50555-2010 Interruption indexes《中断指数》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwide NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI Standards Publication Interruption indexes PD CLC/TR 50555:2010 Incorporating corrigendum February 2011National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation ofCLC/TR 50555:2010, incorp

2、orating corrigendum February 2011. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/8, Systems Aspects for Electrical Energy Supply. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to

3、 include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 74891 2 ICS 27.010; 29.240.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of

4、 the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2010. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T ext affected BRITISH STANDARD PD CLC/TR 50555:2010 31 July 2011 Implementation of CENELEC corrigendum February 2011: Modification of foreword TECHNICAL REPORT CLC/TR 50555 RAPPORT TECHN

5、IQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT May 2010 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any f

6、orm and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.Ref. No. CLC/TR 50555:2010 EICS 27.010;29.240.01 English version Interruption indexes Indicateurs dinterruption Unterbrechungsindizes This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2010-05-07. CENELEC members are the national electrotechn

7、ical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switz

8、erland and the United Kingdom. CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 2 - Foreword This Technical Report was prepared by Task Force 4, (Interruption definitions and continuity indices) of Working Group 1 (Physical characteristics of electrical energy), of Technical Committee CENELEC TC 8X, System aspects of electrical

9、 energy supply. It was circulated for voting in accordance with the Internal Regulations, Part 2, Subclause 11.4.3.3 (simple majority). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible

10、for identifying any or all such patent rights in cooperation with CEER. _ PD CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 3 - CLC/TR 50555:2010 Contents 1 Introduction and scope .5 1.1 Introduction .5 1.2 Scope 6 1.3 Continuity indices Needs and applications 6 2 Terms and definitions .8 3 Continuity of supply Interruptions

11、10 3.1 Background information on interruptions . 10 3.2 Interruptions as defined by EN 50160 10 3.3 Interruption sources . 11 3.4 Classification of the interruptions . 12 4 Explanation of continuity 14 4.1 Long interruption continuity indices 15 4.2 Short interruption continuity indices . 18 4.3 Wor

12、st Served Customers . 19 4.4 Practices for recording short interruptions . 19 4.5 Rules for recording long interruptions 20 4.6 Interruption indices in use across Europe 24 5 Recommended continuity indices 29 5.1 Philosophy and criteria for recommending indices 29 5.2 Recommended continuity indices

13、29 6 Recommended data collection and aggregation 30 6.1 General 30 6.2 Parameter uncertainty impact on continuity indices 31 6.3 Classification of reported indices . 32 6.4 Example of continuity indices estimation . 32 7 Information helpful when comparing continuity indices . 34 7.1 Important differ

14、ences between countries and a single recommendation 34 7.2 Observation period for continuity indices . 35 8 Trends, new and future developments 36 8.1 Development / improvement of new tools (technology) . 36 8.2 Recording data considerations 36 8.3 Development in telecommunication sy s tem s . 36 8.

15、4 Smart grids and metering aspects . 37 8.5 Simulation techniques 37 8.6 Standardization considerations 37 8.7 Particular incidence in LV networks . 37 8.8 Cause and effect considerations 37 Bibliography . 38 PD CLC/TR 50555:2010CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 4 - Figures Figure 1 Network operator organizationa

16、l levels and stakeholders 7 Figure 2 Short interruption within a long interruption . 22 Figure 3 Short interruption after a long interruption . 23 Figure 4 Two consecutive short interruptions. 24 Figure 5 Interruption scenarios . 33 Figure 6 Risk performance versus risk exposure . 35 Tables Table 1

17、Indices for quantifying long interruptions used in European countries . 25 Table 2 Monitoring and indices for short and transient interruptions in European countries 28 Table 3 System characteristics recommended 35 PD CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 5 - CLC/TR 50555:2010 1 Introduction and scope 1.1 Introductio

18、n As a result of the liberalization of electricity markets, System Operators are being increasingly encouraged to report the performance of their electric power systems to other parties, in particular the network users and the national regulation authorities (NRA). While in the past, quality of supp

19、ly was generally considered as an implicit duty on System Operators, today quality objectives have become more and more definite objectives agreed with the Regulator and/or part of the contracts negotiated with the Network Users. Indeed a number of European Regulators have already defined, or planne

20、d to define, quality of supply 1)objectives (addressing continuity of supply and/or voltage quality) to be met by electric distribution systems. In some countries, quality of supply objectives form part of the incentive-based regulation. Quality of supply limits can be seen as the outer envelope of

21、performance for each quality of supply parameter. Specific continuity of supply Indices are established by particular Regulators in order to facilitate benchmarking the performance of the System Operators under their jurisdiction. The indices allow System Operators to meet their obligation to routin

22、ely report continuity of supply performance. It is important that the objectives are seen not only as achievable but also as being cost effective considering the needs of all the network users. As customers expect a high continuity of supply for a reasonable price, one of the roles of a System Opera

23、tor is to optimise the continuity performance of the electric system in a cost effective manner; the role of the Regulator being to ensure that this is carried out in a correct way taking into account the customers expectations and their willingness to pay. It needs to be recognized that historicall

24、y the electrical systems in different countries have been designed in different ways based on different technological choices, commercial approaches or climatic conditions. There is a great variety of reliability indices used within the different European countries. Each country has its own indices,

25、 some are system orientated and others are customer oriented. Some countries measure separately the frequency and the duration of interruptions, others combine them into a single value. In addition, not all the countries use the same definitions for interruptions and their classification. For all of

26、 these reasons it is currently very difficult to compare the continuity of supply indices between countries. 1)Quality of electricity supply is a collective effect of all aspects of performance in the electricity supply. The quality of the electricity supply includes as a prerequisite reliability of

27、 the electric power system, power quality and customer relationships. For the purpose of this Technical Report the term continuity of supply is used for the availability of the electricity. PD CLC/TR 50555:2010CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 6 - 1.2 Scope This Technical Report provides guidance on how to calcul

28、ate continuity of supply indices. These recommended indices are more particularly given for European benchmarking of distribution network performance. For transmission network performance, more representative indices 2)may be used. It presents an overview of practices in Europe on long and short int

29、erruptions, definition of physical interruptions in a harmonized way, philosophy and criteria for recommending indices, a suggested common approach to continuity indices. The fact that the networks in different parts of any particular country will be subject to different conditions (e.g. weather and

30、 customer density) mean that it is not viable to apply common performance standards to all networks within any one country or any group of countries without making these targets so weak that there is a good prospect of them being achieved in all areas. The present situation where national regulators

31、 set performance targets within their own countries is widely regarded as being the most effective mechanism for achieving optimal socio-economic performance. For these reasons this Technical Report does not provide common targets for the number and duration of interruptions that should not be excee

32、ded. This Technical Report is designed to be a first step towards benchmarking the interruption performance of European countries. Rules on the aggregation of interruptions, in particular short interruptions, have not been considered in this Technical Report, however it is recognised that it might b

33、e necessary to describe aggregation rules in a second version of the Technical Report. 1.3 Continuity indices Needs and applications Performance indices in general are important tools in decision making for transmission and distribution system asset management. Such indices can be used to translate

34、issues, which might be rather vaguely expressed, into formalized parameters to be used in decision-making. As the reliability of the power system is a key element in power system management, continuity indices are useful to translate objectives such as to maximize power system reliability and to pro

35、vide our customers with a supply that has the minimum number of interruptions. into more formalized objectives and targets aimed to support asset management and stakeholder communication. In power system asset management, decisions must be taken at different organizational levels within companies. F

36、igure 1 illustrates the main decision levels as well as the most important stakeholders that may influence decisions at different levels. 2)For example, “Average Interruption Time“ is commonly used by TSO (AIT = T x ENS / E T). PD CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 7 - CLC/TR 50555:2010 Figure 1 Network operator o

37、rganizational levels and stakeholders The stakeholders set the general requirements, for the business, that are further translated into internal business values and criteria. For example, compliance with the rules and regulations concerning continuity of supply are strategic criteria important for t

38、he utilities, authorities and regulators. Obtaining a sufficient profit or return on the assets is an important criterion for company owners while low cost and high reliability of supply are requirements of the customers. In order to be able to take into consideration all continuity aspects from dif

39、ferent stakeholder perspectives, continuity indices are needed. Continuity indices have several applications: a) they might be used to measure overall developments and trends; b) they might be used in benchmarking to identify best practices and learn from others; c) they might be included in plannin

40、g objectives and/or planning restrictions; d) they might be used in contractual arrangements; e) they might be used by regulatory authorities; f) they might be used in stakeholder communication. The list above is rather general and covers company levels, national issues and international issues. As

41、this Technical Report focuses on the international level (European issues), the main applications and criteria for recommending indices are given in Clause 5. PD CLC/TR 50555:2010CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 8 - 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions ap

42、ply. 2.1 high voltage (HV) voltage whose nominal r.m.s. value is 36 kV U n 150 kV EN 50160:2010 NOTE Because of existing network structures, in some countries the boundary between MV and HV can be different. 2.2 interruption threshold voltage magnitude specified for the purpose of detecting the star

43、t and the end of a voltage interruption EN 61000-4-30 2.3 low voltage (LV) voltage whose nominal r.m.s. value is U n 1 kV EN 50160:2010 2.4 medium voltage (MV) voltage whose nominal r.m.s. value is 1 kV U n 36 kV NOTE Because of existing network structures, in some countries the boundary between MV

44、and HV can be different. EN 50160:2010 2.5 network operator party responsible for operating, ensuring the maintenance of, and if necessary developing, the supply network in a given area and responsible for ensuring the long term ability of the network to meet reasonable demands for electricity suppl

45、y EN 50160:2010 2.6 network user party being supplied by or supplying to an electricity supply network NOTE 1 In several countries, the term network user includes network operators connected to a supply network with the same or higher voltage level. EN 50160:2010 NOTE 2 For the purposes of this Tech

46、nical Report, the terms Network User and Customer are considered to have the same meaning and are therefore interchangeable. 2.7 normal operating condition operating condition for an electricity network, where load and generation demands are met, system- switching operations are made and faults are

47、cleared by automatic protection systems, and in the absence of exceptional circumstances, i.e.: temporary supply arrangement; in the case of non-compliance of a network users installation or equipment with the relevant standards or with the technical requirements for connection; exceptional situatio

48、ns such as exceptional weather conditions and other natural disasters, third party interference, acts by public authorities, industrial actions (subject to legal requirements), force majeure, power shortages resulting from external events EN 50160:2010 PD CLC/TR 50555:2010 - 9 - CLC/TR 50555:2010 2.

49、8 planned outage outage scheduled in advance, for maintenance or other purposes IEV 191-24-01 2.9 reference voltage (for interruptions, voltage dips and voltage swells evaluation) value specified as the base on which residual voltage, thresholds and other values are expressed in per unit or percentage terms NOTE For the purpose of this document, the reference voltage is the nominal or declared voltage of the supply system. EN 50160:2010 2.10 residual voltage (U res ) minimum value of U rms(1