1、Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 9-2: Integrated systems Microgrids PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of I
2、EC/TS 62257-9- 2:2016. It supersedes DD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2006 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/82, Photovoltaic Energy Systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This
3、publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 91980 0 ICS 27.160 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer im
4、munity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016 IEC TS 62257-9-2 Edition 2.0 2016-
5、09 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification Part 9-2: Integrated systems Microgrids INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-3586-7 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warni
6、ng! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colour inside PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016 2 IEC TS 62257-9-2:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD. 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative reference 8 3 Terms and definitions 8 4 General . 10 4.1 Limits of a microgrid 10 4.2 V
7、oltage drops 10 4.3 Composition of a microgrid 10 5 Protection against electric shocks 12 6 Protection against overcurrents 12 7 Selection and erection of equipment. 12 7.1 Equipment installation . 12 7.2 Operational conditions and external influences 12 7.2.1 Ambient temperature 12 7.2.2 Sources of
8、 heat 12 7.2.3 Presence of water 12 7.2.4 Risk of penetration of solid bodies 13 7.2.5 Corrosive or polluting substance presence 13 7.2.6 Mechanical requirements . 13 7.2.7 Equipment and supporting structures 13 7.2.8 Vibration 13 7.2.9 Other mechanical constraints for underground microgrid sections
9、 . 13 7.2.10 Presence of flora, mold or fauna . 14 7.2.11 Solar radiation . 14 7.3 Characteristics of lines 14 7.3.1 General . 14 7.3.2 Installation modes 14 7.3.3 Minimum height of conductors 14 7.3.4 Proximity to other services . 14 7.4 Cables 14 7.5 Poles 15 7.5.1 General . 15 7.5.2 Characteristi
10、cs of poles 15 7.6 Cable anchorage . 17 7.7 Connections and accessories 18 7.7.1 General . 18 7.7.2 Connections between conductors, connections to other equipment 18 7.7.3 Connection points for individual service connections . 18 7.7.4 Connection equipment . 18 7.8 Where poles are used for other pur
11、poses . 19 7.8.1 Public lighting points 19 7.8.2 Telecommunication lines 19 7.9 Isolation and switching 20 7.9.1 Overcurrent protection device . 20 PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016IEC TS 62257-9-2:2016 IEC 2016 3 7.9.2 Isolating devices 21 7.10 Earthing arrangement, protective conductors and protective bond
12、ing conductors 21 8 Verification and acceptance . 22 8.1 General . 22 8.2 Supervision of works . 22 8.3 Verification before commissioning (on site acceptance) 23 8.4 Operation tests . 23 Annex A (informative) Characteristics of cables 24 Annex B (informative) Maximum circuit length 26 Figure 1 Micro
13、grid limits . 10 Figure 2 Microgrid consisting of a single phase feeder 11 Figure 3 Three phase system output, single phase distribution or three phase service provided where needed . 11 Figure 4 Three phase system output, single phase distribution 11 Figure 5 Diagram showing installation of twinned
14、 wooden poles forming an angle . 16 Figure 6 Examples of different pole arrangements 17 Figure 7 Example of an overhead line . 17 Figure 8 Connection mode diagram 19 Figure 9 Microgrid earthing scheme 21 Figure B.1 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (1 phase) for 16 mm 2cable and 6 % volt
15、age drop with loads at end of cable 27 Figure B.2 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (1 phase) for 16 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads spread across cable 28 Figure B.3 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (1 phase) for 25 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads at end
16、 of cable 29 Figure B.4 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (1 phase) for 25 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads spread across cable 30 Figure B.5 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phase) for 35 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads at end of cable 31 Figure B.6 Ma
17、ximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phase) for 35 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads spread across cable 32 Figure B.7 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phase) for 35 mm 2cable and 3 % voltage drop with loads at end of cable 33 Figure B.8 Maximum lengths as a functio
18、n of active power (3 phase) for 50 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads at end of cable 34 Figure B.9 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phase) for 50 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads spread across cable 35 Figure B.10 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phas
19、e) for 50 mm 2cable and 3 % voltage drop with loads at end of cable 36 Figure B.11 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phase) for 70 mm 2cable and 6 % voltage drop with loads at end of cable 37 Figure B.12 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phase) for 70 mm 2cable and 6 %
20、voltage drop with loads spread across cable 38 Figure B.13 Maximum lengths as a function of active power (3 phase) for 70 mm 2cable and 3 % voltage drop with loads at end of cable 39 PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016 4 IEC TS 62257-9-2:2016 IEC 2016 Table 1 Maximum values of voltage drops 10 Table 2 Fuse rat
21、ings for protection from short-circuiting in 230 V (and 240 V) a.c. microgrids (overhead lines) . 20 Table 3 Fuse ratings for protection from short-circuiting in 120 V a.c. microgrids (overhead lines) 20 Table 4 Circuit breaker ratings for protection from short-circuiting in microgrids (overhead lin
22、es) 20 Table 5 Characteristics of earthing components 22 Table A.1 Example of characteristics of grid conductors for overhead lines (insulated twisted conductors without carrier neutral) . 24 PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016IEC TS 62257-9-2:2016 IEC 2016 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ RECOMME
23、NDATIONS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY AND HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION Part 9-2: Integrated systems Microgrids FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committ
24、ees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Availabl
25、e Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organ
26、izations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical m
27、atters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC Nati
28、onal Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity,
29、IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC its
30、elf does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that
31、they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any natur
32、e whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced
33、publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main tas
34、k of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, o
35、r the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed
36、 into International Standards. IEC 62257-9-2, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy systems. PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016 6 IEC TS 62257-9-2:2016 IEC 2016 This second edition cancels and replaces the fist edition issued in 2006. It
37、 constitutes a technical revision. The main technical changes with regard to the previous edition are as follows: Changing the voltage range covered by the technical specification to a.c. nominal voltage below 1 000 V and d.c. nominal voltage below 1 500 V (introduction). Including 240 V 1-/415 V 3-
38、, in the voltage levels (scope). Deleted microgrid and micropowerplants from terms and definitions. The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 82/1029/DTS 82/1088/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical s
39、pecification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This document has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. This part of IEC 62257 is to be used in conjunction with the IEC 62257 series. A list of all parts in the IEC 62257 series, published unde
40、r the general title Recommendations for renewable energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification, can be found on the IEC website. Future standards in this series will carry the new general title as cited above. Titles of existing standards in this series will be updated at the time of the next
41、 edition. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an International
42、 standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the cor
43、rect understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. PD IEC/TS 62257-9-2:2016IEC TS 62257-9-2:2016 IEC 2016 7 INTRODUCTION The IEC 62257 series intends to provide to different players involved in rural electrification projects (such as project implem
44、enters, project contractors, project supervisors, installers, etc.) documents for the setting up of renewable energy and hybrid systems with a.c. nominal voltage below 1 000 V and d.c. nominal voltage below 1 500 V. These documents are recommendations: to choose the right system for the right place,
45、 to design the system, to operate and maintain the system. These documents are focused only on rural electrification concentrating on but not specific to developing countries. They should not be considered as all inclusive to rural electrification. The documents try to promote the use of renewable e
46、nergies in rural electrification; they do not deal with clean mechanisms developments at this time (CO 2emission, carbon credit, etc.). Further developments in this field could be introduced in future steps. This consistent set of documents is best considered as a whole with different parts correspo
47、nding to items for safety, sustainability of systems and at the lowest life cycle cost as possible. One of the main objectives is to provide the minimum sufficient requirements, relevant to the field of application that is: small renewable energy and hybrid off-grid systems. Decentralized Rural Elec
48、trification Systems (DRESs) are designed to supply electric power for sites which are not connected to a large interconnected system, or a national grid, in order to meet basic needs. The majority of these sites are: isolated dwellings, village houses, community services (public lighting, pumping, h
49、ealth centres, places of worship or cultural activities, administrative buildings, etc.), economic activities (workshops, microindustry, etc.). The DRE systems fall into three categories: process electrification systems (for example for pumping), individual electrification systems (IES) for single users, collective electrification systems (CES) for multiple users. Process or individual electrification systems exclusively cons
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