1、Framework for integrated community-based life-long health and care services in aged societies PD ISO IWA 18:2016 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO IWA 18:2016. The UK participation
2、 in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee IWA/CAS, Community-based Integrated Health and Care Services for Aged Societies. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
3、provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 94133 7 ICS 03.080.30; 11.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published D
4、ocument was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD ISO IWA 18:2016 ISO 2016 Framework for integrated community- based life-long health and care services in a
5、ged societies Cadre de travail pour les services de sant et de soins communautaires vie intgrs dans les socits ges INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP AGREEMENT IWA 18 First edition 2016-06-15 Reference number IWA 18:2016(E) PD ISO IWA 18:2016 IWA 18:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOC
6、UMENT ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior writte
7、n permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org PD ISO IWA
8、18:2016 IWA 18:2016(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definitions . 1 3 Principles and social issues 5 3.1 Principles . 5 3.1.1 General 5 3.1.2 Human dignity . 5 3.1.3 Productive ageing 5 3.1.4 Community-based services . 5 3.1.5 Systemization with people at the centre . 5 3.1.6 P
9、ursuit of innovation for sustainability . 6 3.2 Social issues . 6 3.2.1 General 6 3.2.2 Future provisions for aged societies . 6 3.2.3 Challenges and barriers to creating new approaches 9 3.3 Basic approach .10 3.3.1 Health and care in relation to ageing 10 3.3.2 Healthy ageing 12 3.3.3 Approaches t
10、o ageing, implementation and services .13 3.3.4 Guidance for maintaining the quality of services .16 4 Holistic framework of services .18 4.1 General 18 4.2 Integrated health services 18 4.3 Integrated care services .21 4.4 Social infrastructure 23 5 Recommendations .25 Annex A (informative) Worksho
11、p contributors .26 Bibliography .29 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iii Contents Page PD ISO IWA 18:2016 IWA 18:2016(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Stand
12、ards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also ta
13、ke part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In p
14、articular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements
15、of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (se
16、e www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformit y assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherenc
17、e to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. International Workshop Agreement IWA 18 was approved at a workshop hosted by the British Dental Association (BDA), in association with the British Standar
18、ds Institution (BSI), held in London, United Kingdom, in July 2015.iv ISO 2016 All rights reserved PD ISO IWA 18:2016 IWA 18:2016(E) Introduction This International Workshop Agreement defines principles, social issues and approaches related to aged societies in order to address the shortcomings in s
19、ocial infrastructure. The contents of this International Workshop Agreement, which are supported by the holistic framework of services (see Clause 4), need to be highlighted on a global platform in order to share knowledge. Countermeasures to cope with insufficiencies in social infrastructures to ad
20、apt to a global ageing society need to be addressed today. According to projections based on the UN DESA report on World Population Prospects 3by the year 2050, many countries are projected to become super-aged societies, with people aged 65 years or older exceeding more than one in five of the popu
21、lation. NOTE The terms “ageing society” (where more than 7 % are 65 years or older) and “aged society” (where more than 14 % are 65 years or older) are derived from past UN population reports. The term “super-aged society” (where more than 21 % are 65 years or older) is an extension of these terms.
22、It is used in the academia and government of Japan and is gradually spreading into use in international news arenas. In addition, developing countries and regions with rapid economic growth will be subject to changes to their ageing population over the next few decades. A well-supported infrastructu
23、re of an aged society includes a comprehensive, holistic view covering diverse generations and their lifestyle, economic status, cultural backgrounds and much more. As life expectancy increases, governments, health care providers, service providers and the community need to adapt to enable members o
24、f the younger generation to maintain their health and active participation in society, and to support the desire for people to continue to live independently as they age. This International Workshop Agreement covers key concepts that support certain on-going social changes. It aims to promote furthe
25、r deliberations from service providers and standards bodies, among others, of these aspects that will not only address existing issues, but also help to prevent potential future problems. This International Workshop Agreement recognizes the wide range of global efforts to define social infrastructur
26、e for aged societies and to offer consistent, personalized lifelong care. A common factor in academic research and national/international guidelines is the promotion of the individual as an equal partner in controlling his/her health care. This relates to all aspects of a persons life, including pla
27、nning, decision making and day-to-day living, leading to a user-centred approach. The following five key principles have been identified as the core elements for future investment: a) human dignity; b) productive ageing; c) community-based services; d) systemization with people at the centre; e) pur
28、suit of innovation for sustainability. Guidance on these key principles is given in 3.1. Consideration needs to be taken in delivering person-centred services. Care needs to be provided ethically and respectfully, with the flexibility to meet the needs of diverse generations. Both the individual and
29、 the wider society benefit because the individual experiences greater satisfaction with his/her care and the social infrastructure that supports health care delivery is made more cost- effective. The focus of this International Workshop Agreement is not to provide clinical guidance, but to encourage
30、 health care service providers to drive for a shift in thinking. Harmonizing the concepts and methodology internationally will streamline the market environment of providers and users of health and care services, and build the basis for fair competition and development of related industries. Establi
31、shing a common goal for standardization activities will help to provide life-long support for aged societies in the most efficient and productive way, by addressing common challenges. There will be closer examination on where standards can be used to bring about change. There is an increase in ISO 2
32、016 All rights reserved v PD ISO IWA 18:2016 IWA 18:2016(E) global awareness of the need for a sound social infrastructure to support ageing populations. There are already some established platforms for knowledge sharing, but more needs to be done to align the language used and to outline proven goo
33、d practices that may influence new behaviour and practices. This International Workshop Agreement aims to encourage: sharing of knowledge and best practices at global level, relating to a gradual increase over time of aged societies; minimizing repetition and duplication of efforts, through the deve
34、lopment of common approaches to the challenges associated with societies that are not able to adapt to an increase in the older population; improved realization and understanding of aged societies for policy makers, providers and the general public; creation of innovative solutions, across multiple
35、service sectors, that will allow people to remain within their communities and outside of institutionalized care, where possible and for as long as possible; economic benefits for governments and the general public, through the provision of better products, services and systems. Supporting material
36、to accompany this International Workshop Agreement is available at the following website: ISO 2016 All rights reserved PD ISO IWA 18:2016 International Workshop Agreement IWA 18:2016(E) Framework for integrated community-based life-long health and care services in aged societies 1 Scope This Intern
37、ational Workshop Agreement provides a framework for addressing challenges faced by societies that have been unable to adapt to an ageing population. It can also be used by stakeholders as a useful reference at regional or global level. This International Workshop Agreement addresses health, care and
38、 social challenges (including health care needs, daily living tasks, well-being, combating isolation and keeping safe) to ensure that the needs of individuals continue to be met as they grow older. It also outlines principles related to ethics, community-based solutions, integration, person-centred
39、solutions and innovation. 2 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 community group of people, often living in a defined geographical area, who exhibit some awareness of their identity as a group, and who share common needs and a com
40、mitment to meeting them SOURCE: WHO Ageing and Health Technical Report, Vol.5 4 , modified 2.2 community-based services community-based care blend of health and social services provided to an individual or family in his/her place of residence for the purpose of promoting, maintaining or restoring he
41、alth, minimizing the effects of illness and disability on his/her normal lifestyle Note 1 to entry: The term “community-based programmes” is also used. SOURCE: ISO/TR 14639-2:2014, 2.12, modified 2.3 dignity right of individuals to be treated with respect as persons in their own right SOURCE: WHO Ag
42、eing and Health Technical Report, Vol.5 4 2.4 functional ability health-related attributes that enable people to be and to do what they have reason to value Note 1 to entry: It is made up of the intrinsic capacity of the individual, relevant environmental characteristics and the interactions between
43、 the individual and these characteristics. SOURCE: WHO World Report on Ageing and Health 5 2.5 environments combination of factors at all levels of services in the extrinsic world that form the context of an individuals life, including the built environment, people and their relationships, attitudes
44、 and values, health and social policies, the systems that support them and the services that they implement ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1 PD ISO IWA 18:2016 IWA 18:2016(E) SOURCE: WHO World Report on Ageing and Health 5 , modified 2.6 health state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
45、and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Note 1 to entry: Health has many dimensions (anatomical, physiological and mental) and is largely culturally defined. SOURCE: WHO Ageing and Health Technical Report, Vol.5 4 2.7 health promotion combination of health education and related organizati
46、onal, political and economic interventions designed to facilitate behavioural and environmental adaptations that will improve or protect health SOURCE: WHO Ageing and Health Technical Report, Vol.5 4 2.8 health system people, institutions and resources, arranged together in accordance with establish
47、ed policies, to improve the health of the population, while responding to peoples legitimate expectations and protecting them against the cost of ill-health through a variety of activities, the primary intent of which is to improve health Note 1 to entry: Health systems fulfil three main functions:
48、health care delivery, fair treatment of all and meeting non-health expectations of the population. These functions are performed in the pursuit of three goals: health, responsiveness and fair financing. Note 2 to entry: A health system is usually organized at various levels, starting at the communit
49、y level or the primary level of health care and proceeding through the intermediate (district, regional or provincial) to the government level. SOURCE: WHO Ageing and Health Technical Report, Vol.5 4 , modified 2.9 healthy ageing process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being in older age SOURCE: WHO World Report on Ageing and Health 5 2.10 independence ability to perform an activity with no or little help from others, including h
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