BS PD ISO TR 17427-7-2015 Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS Privacy aspects《智能运输系统 协作ITS 隐私方面》.pdf

1、BSI Standards Publication Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS Part 7: Privacy aspects PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 17427- 7:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/278, Inte

2、lligent transport systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution

3、2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 87424 6 ICS 03.220.01; 35.240.60 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2015

4、. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 ISO 2015 Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS Part 7: Privacy aspects Systmes intelligents de transport Systmes intelligents de transport coopratifs Partie 7: Aspects relatifs la vi

5、e prive TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17427-7 Reference number ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E) First edition 2015-11-01 PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no pa

6、rt of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member b

7、ody in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E)Foreword iv Introduction vi 1 Scope . 1 2 T erms and definiti

8、ons . 1 3 Abbreviations and acronyms . 2 4 How to use this Technical Report 2 4.1 Acknowledgements . 2 4.2 Guidance . 3 4.3 ITS and Privacy . 3 4.4 C-ITS Privacy issues . 4 4.4.1 General C-ITS Privacy issues . 4 4.4.2 Examples of vehicle tracking . 6 4.4.3 Anonymity . 6 4.4.4 Deployment models 8 5 C

9、-ITS Actors and Privacy . 9 5.1 C-ITS and jurisdictions . 9 5.1.1 United States 9 5.1.2 Europe 10 5.1.3 Australia .12 5.1.4 Other countries 14 5.1.5 International Standards 14 5.1.6 Privacy and governments 14 5.2 C-ITS and road operators/managers 15 5.2.1 Jurisdictions 15 5.2.2 Core systems 16 5.3 C

10、-ITS and manufacturers 16 5.4 C-ITS information/application service providers .16 5.5 C-ITS, drivers and vehicle owners .17 5.6 Further reading .17 5.7 Aspects relating to probe vehicle information services .17 6 Policy questions and approaches .17 6.1 Is specific regulation required for C-ITS? 17 6

11、.1.1 Option 1: Continue current approach .17 6.1.2 Option 2: Privacy code .18 6.1.3 Option 3: Provide guidance on best practice 18 6.1.4 Option 4: Legislate C-ITS governance arrangements and use of information .18 6.1.5 Option 5: Legislate technical standards to protect privacy 18 6.1.6 Option 6: Ma

12、tch and copy mobile phone privacy measures .18 7 Summary of findings19 7.1 General 19 7.2 Principal opinions .20 7.3 Privacy Private Sector .22 7.4 Privacy Public Sector .22 Bibliography .23 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents Page PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E) Foreword ISO (th

13、e International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committ

14、ee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechn

15、ical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted

16、in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights

17、. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitut

18、e an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The commi

19、ttee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems. ISO 17427 consists of the following parts, under the general title Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS: Part 2: Framework Overview Technical Report Part 3: Concept of operations (ConOps) for core systems Techn

20、ical Report Part 4: Minimum system requirements and behaviour for core systems Technical Report Part 6: Core system risk assessment methodology Technical Report Part 7: Privacy aspects Technical Report Part 8: Liability aspects Technical Report Part 9: Compliance and enforcement aspects Technical Re

21、port Part 10: Driver distraction and information display Technical Report The following parts are under preparation: Part 1: Roles and responsibilities in the context of co-operative ITS architecture(s) Part 5: Common approaches to security Technical Report Part 11: Compliance and enforcement aspect

22、s Technical Report Part 12: Release processes Technical Report Part 13: Use case test cases Technical Report Part 14: Maintenance requirements and processes Technical Reportiv ISO 2015 All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E) Further technical reports in this series are expe

23、cted to follow. Please also note that these TRs are expected to be updated from time to time as the C-ITS evolves. ISO 2015 All rights reserved v PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E) Introduction Intelligent transport systems (ITS) are transport systems in which advanced information, commun

24、ication, sensor and control technologies, including the Internet, are applied to increase safety, sustainability, efficiency, and comfort. A distinguishing feature of ITS are its communication with outside entities. Some ITS systems operate autonomously, for example adaptive cruise control uses rada

25、r/lidar/and/or video to characterize the behaviour of the vehicle in front and adjust its vehicle speed accordingly. Some ITS systems are informative, for example Variable Message Signs at the roadside, or transmitted into the vehicle, provide information and advice to the driver. Some ITS systems a

26、re semi-autonomous, in that they are largely autonomous, but rely on static or broadcast data, for example, GNSS based SatNav systems operate autonomously within a vehicle but are dependent on receiving data broadcast from satellites in order to calculate the location of the vehicle. Cooperative Int

27、elligent Transport Systems (C-ITS ) are a group of ITS technologies where service provision is enabled by, or enhanced by, the use of live, present situation related, dynamic data/information from other entities of similar functionality (for example from one vehicle to other vehicle(s), and/or betwe

28、en different elements of the transport network, including vehicles and infrastructure (for example from the vehicle to an infrastructure managed system or from an infrastructure managed system to vehicle(s). Effectively, these systems allow vehicles to talk to each other and to the infrastructure. T

29、hese systems have significant potential to improve the transport network. A distinguishing feature of C-ITS is that data are used across application/service boundaries. It will be immediately clear to the reader that such systems present the possibility to seriously compromise privacy, and must, and

30、 will, be strictly controlled by regulation and managed to prevent abuse of privacy by any party. The purpose of this Technical Report is to identify potential critical privacy issues that C-ITS service provision may introduce, to consider how to control, limit or mitigate such privacy issues, and t

31、o limit the risk of exposure to the financial consequences of privacy issues. This Technical Report is a living document and as our experience with C-ITS develops, it is intended that it will be updated from time to time, as and when we see opportunities to improve this Technical Report.vi ISO 2015

32、All rights reserved PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E) Intelligent transport systems Cooperative ITS Part 7: Privacy aspects 1 Scope The scope of this Technical Report is as an informative document to identify potential critical privacy issues that C-ITS service provision

33、 may introduce; to consider strategies for how to control, limit or mitigate such privacy issues; and to give pointers, where appropriate, to standards deliverables existing that provide specifications for all or some of these aspect and to limit the risk of exposure to the financial consequences of

34、 privacy issues. The objective of this Technical Report is to raise awareness of and consideration of such issues. This Technical Report does not provide specifications for solutions of these issues. 2 T erms a nd definiti ons 2.1 application app software application 2.2 application service service

35、provided by a service provider accessing data from the IVS (2.6) within the vehicle in the case of C-ITS, via a wireless communications network, or provided on-board the vehicle as the result of software (and potentially also hardware and firmware) installed by a service provider or to a service pro

36、viders instruction 2.3 cooperative ITS C-ITS group of ITS technologies where service provision is enabled, or enhanced by, the use of live, present situation related, data/information from other entities of similar functionality for example, from one vehicle to other vehicle(s), and/or between diffe

37、rent elements of the transport network, including vehicles and infrastructure SOURCE: for example from the vehicle to an infrastructure managed system or from an infrastructure managed system to vehicle(s) 2.4 core system combination of enabling technologies and services that will provide the founda

38、tion for the support of a distributed, diverse set of applications (2.1), and application transactions which work in conjunction with External Support Systems such as Certificate Authorities Note 1 to entry: the system boundary for the core system is not defined in terms of devices or agencies or ve

39、ndors, but by the open, standardized interface specifications that govern the behaviour of all interactions between core system users ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1 PD ISO/TR 17427-7:2015 ISO/TR 17427-7:2015(E) 2.5 global navigation satellite system GNSS comprises several networks of satellites that

40、 transmit radio signals containing time and distance data that can be picked up by a receiver, allowing the user to identify the location of its receiver anywhere around the globe 2.6 intelligent transport systems IVS hardware, firmware and software on board a vehicle that provides a platform to sup

41、port C-ITS service provision, including that of the ITS-station (2.8) (ISO 21217), the facilities layer, data pantry and on-board apps 2.7 in-vehicle system ITS transport systems in which advanced information, communication, sensor and control technologies, including the Internet, are applied to inc

42、rease safety, sustainability, efficiency, and comfort 2.8 ITS-station entity in a communication network comprised of application (2.1), facilities, networking and access layer components that is capable of executing ITS-S application processes, comprised of an ITS-S facilities layer, ITS-S networkin

43、g prevent the misuse of such information. Further, acknowledging the risk that harm may result; take account of such risk, and remedial measures should be proportionate. b) Fairly and lawfully Personal data obtained and processed fairly and lawfully. c ) S p e c i f i e d , e x p l i c i t a n d l e

44、 g i t i m a t e p u r p o s e s Personal data collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purposes. d ) E x p l i c i t a n d l e g i t i m a t e a n d m u s t b e d e t e r m i n e d at the time of collection of the data Purposes for which personal data are collected shall be deter- mined at

45、the time of the collection of the data and shall be explicit and legitimate at the time of collection of the data and use and subsequent of the data limited to the fulfilment of those purposes (or such others as are not incompatible with those purposes specified); All personal data collected shall b

46、e adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purposes for which they are processed. e) Not further processed in a way incompatible with the purposes for which it was originally collected Personal data shall not be further processed or used in a way incompatible with the purposes for whi

47、ch it was originally collected. f ) Not be disclosed without the consent of the data subject Personal data shall not be disclosed, made available or otherwise used for purposes other than those specified. g ) A d e qu at e , r e l e v a nt a n d no t e xc e s s i ve i n r e l at ion to the purposes

48、for which they are collected Personal data shall be adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purposes for which they are collected and/or further processed. h ) A c c u r a t e a n d , w h e r e n e c e s s a r y , k e p t u p t o d a t e Personal data shall be accurate and kept up to

49、 date; every rea- sonable step must be taken to erase or rectify inaccurate or incomplete data, having regard to the purposes for which they were collected. i ) I d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f d a t a s u b j e c t s f o r n o l o n g e r t h a n is necessary for the purposes for which the data were collected Personal data shall be kept in a form which permits identification of data subjects for no longer than is necessary for the