BS PD ISO TR 17243-1-2014 Machine tool spindles Evaluation of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral.pdf

1、BSI Standards Publication PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014 Machine tool spindles Evaluation of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing Part 1: Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral drives operating at speeds between 600 min -1and 30 000 min -1PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014 PUB

2、LISHED DOCUMENT National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of ISO/TR 17243-1:2014. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MTE/1/2, Machine tools - Accuracy. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request

3、to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 0 580 76082 2 ICS 25.080.01 Compliance with a British

4、 Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date T e x t a f f e c t e dPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014 ISO 2014 Machine to

5、ol spindles Evaluation of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing Part 1: Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral drives operating at speeds between 600 min -1and 30 000 min -1 Broches pour machines-outils valuation des vibrations dune broche pour machine-outil

6、 par mesurages sur le logement de la broche Partie 1: Broches roulements billes et moteurs intgrs oprant des vitesses comprises entre 600 min -1et 30 000 min -1 TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17243-1 Reference number ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) First edition 2014-12-01PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E

7、)ii ISO 2014 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an

8、intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.or

9、g Published in SwitzerlandPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E)Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 2 4 Preliminary operations . 3 4.1 General . 3 4.2 Process load . 3 4.3 Spindle speed . 3 4.4 Thermal conditions . 4 4.5 Spin

10、dle position and orientation . 4 4.6 Tool or workpiece balancing . 4 4.7 Spindle chuck . 4 4.8 Spindle cooling 5 4.9 Drawbar 5 4.10 Background vibration . 5 4.11 Idle operation . 5 5 Measurement and operational procedures 5 5.1 Measuring instruments . 5 5.2 Measurement locations/directions . 6 5.3 S

11、ensor mounting procedures . 7 6 Evaluation parameters . 8 6.1 Vibration velocity parameter 8 6.2 Vibration acceleration parameter 9 6.3 Demodulated vibration spectra bearing analysis methods .10 7 Spindle classification 10 7.1 General 10 7.2 Classification according to rated power .10 7.3 Classifica

12、tion according to maximum spindle speed 10 7.4 Classification according to bearing type 10 8 Evaluation .11 8.1 General 11 8.2 Criterion I: vibration magnitude .11 8.3 Criterion II: change in vibration magnitude .12 8.4 General zone boundaries 12 8.5 Examples of evaluation zone boundary values 13 8.

13、6 Operational limits 14 Annex A (informative) Introduction to alternative bearing condition assessment techniques 16 Bibliography .18 ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federati

14、on of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee

15、. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and th

16、ose intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

17、(see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the d

18、ocument will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms

19、 and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 39, Machine tools, Subcommit

20、tee SC 2, Test conditions for metal cutting machine tools. ISO/TR 17243 consists of the following parts, under the general title Machine tool spindles Evaluation of machine tool spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing: Part 1: Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral drives

21、operating at speeds between 600 min -1and 30 000 min -1 Part 2: Direct driven spindles and belt driven spindles with rolling element bearings operating at speeds between 600 min 1and 30 000 min 1iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) Introduction This part of ISO

22、/TR 17243 provides specific guidance for assessing the severity of vibration measured on the spindle housing at customer site or at the machine tool manufacturer test facilities. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014Machine tool spindles Evaluation of machine too

23、l spindle vibrations by measurements on spindle housing Part 1: Spindles with rolling element bearings and integral drives operating at speeds between 600 min -1and 30 000 min -1 1 Scope This part of ISO/TR 17243 provides information on how to assess the severity of machine tool spindle vibrations m

24、easured on the spindle housing. The vibration criteria provided in this part of ISO/TR 17243 apply to spindles with integral drive intended for stationary machine tools with nominal operating speeds between 600 min 1and 30 000 min 1 . This part of ISO/TR 17243 only applies to spindles with rolling e

25、lement bearing types. This part of ISO/TR 17243 applies to spindles assembled on metal cutting machine tools. This part of ISO/TR 17243 is applicable for testing, periodic verification, and continuous monitoring. Spindles with bearing types other than rolling element bearings are excluded from this

26、part of ISO/TR 17243. This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address geometrical accuracy of axes of rotation (see ISO 230-7). This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address unacceptable cutting performance with regards to surface finish and accuracy. This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address vibration sev

27、erity issues of machine tool spindles operating at speeds below 600 min 1or exceeding 30 000 min 1due to lack of supporting vibration data and limitations in many vibration measurement instruments. Also, due to lack of data, machine tool spindles with bearing types other than rolling element bearing

28、s are excluded from this part of ISO/TR 17243. This part of ISO/TR 17243 does not address frequency domain analyses such as fast fourier transform (FFT) analyses, envelope analyses, or other similar techniques. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively refe

29、renced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1925, Mechanical vibration Balancing Vocabulary ISO 1940-1, Mechanica

30、l vibration Balance quality requirements for rotors in a constant (rigid) state Part 1: Specification and verification of balance tolerances ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring Vocabulary ISO 2954:2012, Mechanical vibration of rotating and reciprocating machinery Requireme

31、nts for instruments for measuring vibration severity ISO 13372, Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines Vocabulary TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document,

32、 the terms and definitions given in ISO 1925, ISO 2041, ISO 13372, ISO 2954, and the following apply. NOTE A concept limited to a special meaning in a particular context is indicated by designating the subject field in angle brackets () before the definition. For example, in the context of spindle c

33、ondition monitoring for the term entry for alert, see 3.11. 3.1 belt driven spindle spindle where the power transmission is achieved by a belt between the drive motor and the spindle 3.2 direct driven spindle machine tool spindle in a motor-coupling-spindle configuration with no belts, gears, or oth

34、er power transmitting elements in the power train 3.3 gear driven spindle machine tool spindle with one or more power transmitting gear units in the power train Note 1 to entry: Gear driven spindles may also incorporate coupling and/or belts in the power train. 3.4 spindle with integral drive spindl

35、e unit where the rotor of the drive motor is the rotor of the spindle 3.5 short termtime period of six months or shorter Note 1 to entry: Time periods may differ for specific spindle types and/or operational conditions. 3.6 long termtime period of longer than six months Note 1 to entry: Time period

36、may differ for specific spindle types and/or operational conditions. 3.7 machine condition monitoring detection, collection, and interpretation of information and data that indicate the spindle condition of a machine tool spindle 3.8 spindle condition root-mean-square (RMS) values for vibration velo

37、city and acceleration of machine tool spindles as defined by specifications 3.9 short term spindle condition STSC parameter indicating the short term spindle condition of a machine tool spindle 3.10 long term spindle condition LTSC parameter indicating the long term spindle condition of a machine to

38、ol spindle2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedPD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) 3.11 alertcondition where a significant change in spindle vibration magnitude with respect to normal values has been detected 3.12 alarmcondition where the vibration magnitude induces increased dynamic load on spind

39、le bearings, reducing bearing lifetime 3.13 threshold for shutdowncondition where the vibration magnitude induces high dynamic load on the spindle bearings potentially with substantial loss of bearing lifetime 3.14 steady-state operating temperaturecondition where machine tool spindle has been runni

40、ng for a sufficient time to reach a stable operating temperature 4 Preliminary operations 4.1 General When measuring vibration, the operational condition of the machine tool is of great importance. This part of ISO/TR 17243 is applicable to all normal operational conditions that the machine tool cou

41、ld be in when machining. For any spindle vibration measurement intended to characterize the spindle condition according to this part of ISO/TR 17243, important operational conditions should be recorded; such operational conditions include, but are not limited to, characteristics listed in 4.2 to 4.1

42、1. When using vibration measurement results for evaluation of spindle condition, other factors contributing to or interfering with the measured signals should be taken into consideration. Such factors include spindle motor current control signals with their associated frequencies, influences of mach

43、ine foundation and the position of the other moving components affecting the dynamic response of the overall system, and possible high level of scatter due to low energy content in the frequency range of interest. If such interfering signals or conditions are suspected, frequency analysis techniques

44、 can be used to differentiate bearing signals from other contributing factors. 4.2 Process load All vibration measurements should be made under no-load conditions (no cutting, milling, or grinding). 4.3 Spindle speed This part of ISO/TR 17243 is applicable for every speed within the nominal speed ra

45、nge of the machine tool/spindle. Manufacturer may specify non-continuous speed ranges like 600 min -1to 17 000 min 1and 19 000 min -1to 24 000 min 1in order to avoid unreasonable limits at resonance speeds. Two such resonance speed intervals are allowed together, occupying a maximum of 10 % of the n

46、ominal operating speed range of the spindle. The possibility to exclude certain speed ranges only applies to the vibration velocity parameter as defined in 6.1, i.e. indicators for long term spindle condition (LTSC). The vibration acceleration parameter as defined in 6.2, i.e. indicators for short t

47、erm spindle condition (STSC), applies to any speed within the nominal speed range of the spindle. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3PD ISO/TR 17243-1:2014ISO/TR 17243-1:2014(E) When measuring vibration magnitude as a function of spindle speed, it is important to execute the spindle speed changes in such

48、 a way that a steady-state vibration of the spindle is reached before recording the measurements. The following are typical methods. Step: Increasing or decreasing the spindle speed in steps not greater than 3 % of spindle maximum speed with 10 s of constant speed at each such selected speed. Accele

49、ration: Increasing or decreasing the spindle speed with a rate of not more than 20 % of maximum spindle speed per minute. Both the above methods will result in approximately 5 min measurement time. 4.4 Thermal conditions Thermal conditions have to be agreed upon between manufacturer/supplier and user. If no conditions are specified, the tests should be made under conditions as near as possible to those of normal operation with regards to lubrication and warm-up. Therefore, the machine should have an