API BULL E4-2003 Environmental Guidance Document Release Reporting for the Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industry as Required by the Clean Water Act the Comprehensive Envi.pdf

1、Environmental GuidanceDocument:Release Reporting for the Oil and GasExploration and Production Industry asRequired by the Clean Water Act, theComprehensive Environmental Response,Compensation and Liability Act, and theEmergency Planning and CommunityRight-to-Know ActAPI BULLETIN E4SECOND EDITION, MA

2、Y 2003Environmental GuidanceDocument:Release Reporting for the Oil and GasExploration and Production Industry asRequired by the Clean Water Act, theComprehensive Environmental Response,Compensation and Liability Act, and theEmergency Planning and CommunityRight-to-Know ActUpstream SegmentAPI BULLETI

3、N E4SECOND EDITION, MAY 2003SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic-ular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers

4、 towarn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning healthand safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or fed-eral laws.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to par-ticular materi

5、als and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer orsupplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, byimplicationor otherwise,for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, appar

6、atus,or prod-uct covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be con-strued as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Generally,API standards are reviewed and revised,reaffirmed, or withdrawnat least everyfive years. Sometimes a one-ti

7、me extension of up to two years will be added to this reviewcycle. This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publication date as anoperative API standard or, where an extension has been granted, upon republication. Statusof the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Upstr

8、eam Segment telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually and updated quar-terly byAPI, 1220 L Street, N.W.,Washington, D.C. 20005.This document was produced underAPI standardization procedures that ensure appropri-ate notification and participation in t

9、he developmental process and is designated as an APIstandard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this standard or com-ments and questions concerning the procedures under which this standard was developedshould be directed in writing to the standardization manager, American Pet

10、roleum Institute,1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce ortranslate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the gen-eral manager.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer-

11、ing and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for apply-ing sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should beutilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way toinhibit anyone from using any other pra

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14、s, 1220 L Street, N.W.,Washington, D.C. 20005.Copyright2003AmericanPetroleumInstituteFOREWORDThis document has been developed to provide the oil and gas production industry guid-ance on reporting releases of hazardous substancesand petroleum to water as required by theCleanWaterAct (CWA) and reporti

15、ng releases of hazardous substancesinto the environmentas required by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and LiabilityAct (CERCLA) and the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act(EPCRA). This document only covers federal requirements for release reporting under theCWA

16、, CERCLA and EPCRA. There are other federal, state, and local laws with spill orrelease reporting requirements. It is important to understand that compliance with federalreporting requirements does not necessarily satisfy state or local reporting requirements andvice versa.The document covers the re

17、porting of what most in the industry consider “emergency”releases, which are unplanned and typically are not covered under a permit issued by a gov-ernment agency. These releases may be to the air, to the ground (and potentially groundwa-ter), to a storm water drainage system, to a waste water syste

18、m which discharges into apublicly owned treatment works, to traditionally navigable waters or to any other body ofwater. This document addresses permit exceedances only to the extent that the exceedancesare in excess of an established reportable quantity. Releases exceeding permit stipulations,but n

19、ot meeting an established reportable quantity, may be reportable under other state andfederal regulations outside the scope of the CWA, CERCLA and EPCRA.In preparing the document, API recognized the complexity of the reporting requirementsand chose a format to help the user through the various steps

20、 associated with deciding whatand when to report. The heart of the document is Section 3, which consists of several flow-charts that address the numerous exemptions and requirements of the regulations. The flow-charts were developed with the understanding that the user would have some basicknowledge

21、 of the various reporting requirements.The flowcharts are supported by text (Sections 4, 5, and 6) designed to provide the userwith additional insight into the specific questions addressed in the flowcharts. For example,the EPCRA section 302 flowchart asks, “Does the facility have an extremely hazar

22、dous sub-stance on site?” The text of the document provides specific guidance on 1) what is consid-ered a facility and 2) what chemicals are considered to be extremely hazardous substances.Section 7 consists of 17 examples of potentially reportable releases that can occur in oiland gas production op

23、erations and shows the user of the document how the flowcharts andtext are applied to determine whether an event is reportable.A list of common oilfield chemicals that may trigger release reporting requirements isincluded asAppendixA.The document is not meant to be a substitute for legal advice prov

24、ided by an attorney.Individuals and organizations using this guidance document are cautioned that requirementsof federal, state, and local regulations are constantly evolving and should be reviewed peri-odically to assure that a companys practices are consistentwith current law and regulations.This

25、publication is under the jurisdiction of the API Upstream Executive Committee onEnvironmental Conservation. API has made every effort to assure the accuracy and reliabil-ity of the information contained in this document. API, however, makes no representation,warranty, or guarantee in connection with

26、 this document and hereby expressly disclaims anyliability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use, including loss or damagearising from the violation of any federal, state, or local regulation with which this guidancemay conflict.NOTE ON REFERENCES:All references to the Code of

27、Federal Regulations in this doc-ument are to the edition revised as of July 1, 2002, unless otherwise noted, as updated byFederal Register notices as of the date of publication of this Bulletin. References to the stat-utes are to the versions in effect as of the date of publication. Daily Federal Re

28、gister noticesiiiand the Code of Federal Regulations are available online from the Government PrintingOffice website and the Environmental ProtectionAgency website.1API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made bythe Institute to assure the accuracy and reliabi

29、lity of the data contained in them; however, theInstitute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publicationand hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resultingfrom its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipa

30、l regulation with which thispublication may conflict.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the standardization manager,American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W.,Washington, D.C. 20005.1The Federal Register is available from the Government Printing Office website at http:

31、/www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces/aces140.html, and daily notices are posted on the Envi-ronmental ProtectionAgency website at http:/www.epa.gov/epahome/rules.html#proposed.The NationalArchives and RecordsAdministration makes the current Code of Federal Reg-ulations available online at http:/www.acce

32、ss.gpo.gov/nara/CFR/index.html, and the EPAposts its regulations at http:/www.epa.gov/epahome/cfr40.htm.ivCONTENTSPage1 OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT STATUTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 CleanWaterAct. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 The Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation andLiabilityAct (CERCLA or Superfund). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.3 Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-KnowAct (EPCRA). . . . . . . . . 12 OVERVIEW OF GOVERNM

34、ENT AGENCIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.1 National Response Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2 The State Emergency Response Commission or SERC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.3 The Local Emerg

35、ency Planning Committee or LEPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 RELEASE REPORTING FLOWCHARTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE CLEAN WATER ACT (CWA) . . 124.1 General Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.2 Scope of the Discharge Reporting Requirement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.3 Definition of “NavigableWaters of the United States”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.4 Definition of “Hazardous Substance” and “Har

37、mful Quantity”. . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.5 Procedures for Reporting to the NRC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.6 Procedures for Reporting to the RegionalAdministrator of the EPA. . . . . . . . . 154.7 Enforcement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE COMPREHENSIVEENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE COMPENSATION ANDLIABILITY ACT (CERCLA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.1 General Requirements . . . . . . . .

39、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.2 Definition of Hazardous Substance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.3 Petroleum Exclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40、 175.4 Exploration and ProductionWaste Exemption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.5 Definition of Reportable Quantity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.6 Definition of Reportable Release. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41、 . . . . . . . . . . . 185.7 Period of Release. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.8 Mixtures of Hazardous Substances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.9 Determining the RQ forWaste Streams . . .

42、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.10 Definition of Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.11 Releases into the Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.12 Wo

43、rkplace Exclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.13 “Immediate” Notice. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.14 Mechanics Of CERCLA Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

44、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.15 Reporting “Continuous Releases”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215.16 “Federally Permitted” Releases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225.17 Enforcement Provisions. . . . . . .

45、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 REPORTING REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE EMERGENCYPLANNING AND COMMUNITY RIGHT-TO-KNOW ACT (EPCRA) . . . . . . . . . 276.1 Key Definitions for EPCRA Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.2 Tr

46、ansportation Exclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286.3 The CERCLA Petroleum Exclusion and EPCRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.4 Elements of Section 304 Reporting Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

47、9vPage6.5 Mechanics of Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306.6 Section 302 Notification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.7 Hazardous Chemical Reporting (Sections 311 and 312) . . .

48、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316.8 Enforcement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.9 Citizen Suits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 RELEASE REPORTING

49、 EXAMPLES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33APPENDIX A THRESHOLD PLANNING QUANTITIES (TPQS) ANDREPORTABLE QUANTITIES (RQS) FOR COMMONOILFIELD CHEMICALS (CURRENT AS OF THEDATE OF PUBLICATION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49APPENDIX B WHAT INFORMATION TO REPORT TO THENATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51APPENDIX C ADDRESSES AND TELEPHONE NUMBERS OF COASTGUARD DISTRICT OFFICES AND EPA REGIONAL OFFICES . . . 53APPENDIX D EXEMPT AND NONEXEMPT EXPLORATION ANDPRODUCTION